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941.
Currently, there is widespread controversy regarding the risks and benefits of hormone therapy for women over 50. The history of hormone therapy provides an excellent example of how different constituencies with competing objectives can produce health practices and policies of questionable benefit. We examine this history from the perspectives of women who now live longer, expecting higher quality of life throughout their later years, healthcare providers who are influenced by the real and perceived needs of their patients as well as information provided by drug manufacturers, the pharmaceutical industry which seeks to identify and promote drugs that offer the most promise for both patients and shareholders, and medical researchers —including the National Institutes of Health and the Federal Drug Administration . 相似文献
942.
943.
Enhancing collaborative tendencies: extending the single identity model for youth conflict education
Jones TS 《New directions for youth development》2004,(102):11-34
A conflict intervention in postapartheid South Africa suggests new insights into encouraging an honest and engaging participation in the dialogue process. 相似文献
944.
945.
The Subtle and Overt Scale of Psychological Abuse (Marshall, 1999a) is a measure designed to examine previously unevaluated forms of psychological abuse. The scale was originally divided into seven subscales (overt: dominance, indifference, monitoring and discrediting; subtle: undermining, discounting, isolating). A sample of 172 women was used to evaluate the construct validity of this measure. In other words, the internal structure of the measure, its relation to other measures of physical and psychological abuse, and its relationship to other psychological outcomes. Empirical and theoretical approaches were used to replicate and examine the dimensions of this scale. Results revealed that this scale represents a unidimensional construct that is highly correlated to other measures of psychological abuse. Implications for future research and practice are discussed. 相似文献
946.
Charles B. Hennon Ph.D. Allen Jones M.A. Katharine Hooper-Briar Ph.D. Dagmar Kopčanová Ph.D. 《Journal of Family and Economic Issues》1996,17(1):9-46
Some of the special agendas and initiatives of the International Year of the Family (IYF), sponsored by the United Nations, are highlighted. After reviewing the history and structure of IYF, findings concerning salient areas and topics for nationally based policy and programs are presented. These findings are derived from a content analysis of materials assembled from 136 UN Member States, as well as analysis of other documents and discussions with the IYF Secretariat. The saliency of concerns is also presented by grouping countries according to their level of human suffering. Familycentric policy considerations are discussed, and implications are cited for universities, policy makers, and practitioners. 相似文献
947.
B. U. Park W. C. Kim D. Ruppert M. C. Jones D. F. Signorini & R. Kohn 《Scandinavian Journal of Statistics》1997,24(2):145-163
We propose and investigate two new methods for achieving less bias in non- parametric regression. We show that the new methods have bias of order h 4 , where h is a smoothing parameter, in contrast to the basic kernel estimator's order h 2 . The methods are conceptually very simple. At the first stage, perform an ordinary non-parametric regression on { xi , Yi } to obtain m^ ( xi ) (we use local linear fitting). In the first method, at the second stage, repeat the non-parametric regression but on the transformed dataset { m^ ( xi , Yi )}, taking the estimator at x to be this second stage estimator at m^ ( x ). In the second, and more appealing, method, again perform non-parametric regression on { m^ ( xi , Yi )}, but this time make the kernel weights depend on the original x scale rather than using the m^ ( x ) scale. We concentrate more of our effort in this paper on the latter because of its advantages over the former. Our emphasis is largely theoretical, but we also show that the latter method has practical potential through some simulated examples. 相似文献
948.
As the number of older adults in the United States increases, the number of older adults with mental illnesses also will increase. There will be a corresponding increase in prevalence of UI and its associated problems--medical problems, loss of independence or need for institutionalized care, diminished quality of life, and increased costs. Psychiatric nurses are in a position to help older adults with mental illnesses improve their overall health and quality of life by preventing the problems associated with untreated UI. Within their practice, psychiatric nurses have the opportunity to ensure clients receive the comprehensive assessments needed to establish their functional, physical, behavioral, emotional, and social support status--information that forms the foundation for developing individualized treatment interventions. Psychiatric nurses have the expertise to integrate physical and mental health care for older adults with mental illnesses and co-occurring conditions, such as UI. Promoting self-management of UI among older adults with mental illnesses potentially will enable them to participate in psychiatric rehabilitation programs; improve their overall health and quality of life; prevent falls and fractures that often cause them to lose their independent community living status and to be admitted to long-term care facilities; and reduce the cost to mental health care providers of managing UI in the treatment setting. 相似文献
949.
950.
This article includes two separate studies: the first explores the impact of caregiver AOD use on CPS case substantiation; the second compares CPS-involved and CPS-noninvolved females in AOD treatment systems. Results suggest that cases with indications of AOD use are more likely to be substantiated than cases without; and increasing numbers of children and younger maternal ages are risk factors for CPS involvement among AOD-using women. Related findings are also presented, followed by implications for practice and research. 相似文献