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141.
This article explores why women delay childbearing and increase their likelihood to remain childless in Spain, Italy, West
Germany and France. We take a macro–micro perspective and show that national institutions influence women’s life transitions,
in particular partnership and motherhood. For coupled women, we find two alternative modes out of childlessness. In countries
with high direct and indirect child costs, like Spain and Italy, entering a male-breadwinner couple or occupying a stable
and high-income position facilitates motherhood, while in the French context motherhood is most likely in a dual-earner partnership.
相似文献
142.
Robert J. Antonio 《The Sociological quarterly》1983,24(3):325-351
This paper describes the nature of critical theory, its historical development, its connections to sociology and Marxism, and the central debates over its core ideas. 相似文献
143.
144.
145.
Abdissa?NegassaEmail author Antonio?Ciampi Michal?Abrahamowicz Stanley?Shapiro Jean-Fran?ois?Boivin 《Statistics and Computing》2005,15(3):231-239
The performance of computationally inexpensive model selection criteria in the context of tree-structured subgroup analysis is investigated. It is shown through simulation that no single model selection criterion exhibits a uniformly superior performance over a wide range of scenarios. Therefore, a two-stage approach for model selection is proposed and shown to perform satisfactorily. Applied example of subgroup analysis is presented. Problems associated with tree-structured subgroup analysis are discussed and practical solutions are suggested. 相似文献
146.
Glaydston Mattos Ribeiro Miguel Fragoso Constantino Luiz Antonio Nogueira Lorena 《Journal of Combinatorial Optimization》2010,20(4):385-398
Earth observation satellites, such as the SPOT 5, take photographs of the earth according to consumers’ demands. Obtaining
a good schedule for the photographs is a combinatorial optimization problem known in the literature as the daily photograph
scheduling problem (DPSP). The DPSP consists of selecting a subset of photographs, from a set of candidates, to different
cameras, maximizing a profit function and satisfying a large number of constraints. Commercial solvers, with standard integer
programming formulations, are not able to solve some DPSP real instances available in the literature. In this paper we present
a strengthened formulation for the DPSP, based on valid inequalities arising in node packing and 3-regular independence system
polyhedra. This formulation was able, with a commercial solver, to solve to optimality all those instances in a short computation
time. 相似文献
147.
Low back pain is a costly and incapacitating musculoskeletal disorder. Prospective studies documenting the capacity of work-related factors to predict chronicity are few in number, the methodology used is very diversified, and the results obtained diverge. The aim of the present study is to investigate the capacity of work-related objective (non-psychosocial) and psychosocial factors to predict chronic disability related to low back pain. A longitudinal prospective study with two measurement times was carried out. The sample (N = 258) consisted of workers with subacute low back pain who were on sick leave and receiving compensation from the CSST (Quebec Workers' Compensation Board). Of all the work-related variables measured, perceived stress and fears and beliefs about work were associated with return to work status at the six-month follow-up. The results obtained show the importance of considering fears and beliefs about work when identifying people in the subacute phase of low back pain who are at risk of developing chronic disability. 相似文献
148.
Collective and Unitary Models: A Clarification 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Martin Browning Pierre-André Chiappori Valérie Lechene 《Review of Economics of the Household》2006,4(1):5-14
In this note we identify and clarify a confusion that has arisen in the literature about the exact relationship between unitary
and collective models and what enters the Pareto weight and the sharing function. We suggest that we should denote as ‘unitary’
any model that leads to outcomes that satisfy the Slutsky conditions whether or not these outcomes depend on distribution
factors. In particular, income pooling is neither necessary nor sufficient for a unitary model. We also show that the presence
of prices or total expenditure in the sharing rule cannot be used as a test for a unitary model.
相似文献
Valérie LecheneEmail: |
149.
In make‐to‐stock production systems finished goods are produced in anticipation of demand. By contrast, in stockless production systems finished goods are not produced until demand is observed. In this study we investigate the problem of designing a multi‐item manufacturing system, where there is both demand‐ and production‐related uncertainty, so that stockless operation will be optimal for all items. For the problem of interest, we focus on gaining an understanding of the effect of two design variables: (i) manufacturing speed—measured by the average manufacturing rate or, equivalently, the average unit manufacturing time, and (ii) manufacturing consistency—measured by the variation in unit manufacturing times. We establish conditions on these two variables that decision makers can use to design stockless production systems. Managerial implications of the conditions are also discussed. 相似文献
150.
Nonlinear regression models arise when definite information is available about the form of the relationship between the response and predictor variables. Such information might involve direct knowledge of the actual form of the true model or might be represented by a set of differential equations that the model must satisfy. We develop M-procedures for estimating parameters and testing hypotheses of interest about these parameters in nonlinear regression models for repeated measurement data. Under regularity conditions, the asymptotic properties of the M-procedures are presented, including the uniform linearity, normality and consistency. The computation of the M-estimators of the model parameters is performed with iterative procedures, similar to Newton–Raphson and Fisher's scoring methods. The methodology is illustrated by using a multivariate logistic regression model with real data, along with a simulation study. 相似文献