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991.
André Tavares-Rodrigues Amaia Bravo Jorge F. Del Valle 《Revista de Psicología Social》2019,34(2):354-382
Residential child care in Portugal is the most common protection measure in cases of family separation, since family foster care is still very rare. However, little is known about the needs of these children and young people. The purpose of this study is to describe the profile of adolescents close to legal adulthood who are in residential care, comparing it with a Spanish sample. The sample is composed of 345 young people aged 16 to 17 on whom information has been collected regarding their history of protection, family background, schooling, mental health and offending behaviour. A Spanish sample was selected as a comparison group (N = 384). The results reveal the complexity and special seriousness of the profile of young people in residential care in Portugal compared to a Spanish sample, highlighting a high presence of mental health problems and especially suicidal behaviours. Given these results, efforts should be focused on developing specialized residential care programmes adapted to the specific needs of these young people. 相似文献
992.
Miranda Rutenfrans-Stupar Bo Van Der Plas Rick Den Haan Tine Van Regenmortel René Schalk 《Journal of Social Distress and the Homeless》2019,28(1):44-55
The majority of homeless people is socially excluded which negatively affects their well-being. Therefore, participation-based programs are needed. The current research is conducted within a Dutch homeless shelter facility that offers educational, recreational, and labor activities to clients in an environment which is designed to feel safe (an enabling niche). The main aim of these activities is to facilitate social participation. We conducted two qualitative studies consisting of 16 semi-structured interviews, to explore clients’ experiences with participation in activities in relation to their well-being. The findings showed that clients experienced that participation had led to an improvement of physical, social, and mental well-being. In general, clients reported that due to participation in activities they have strengthened their social support network, improved their (mental and physical) health, self-esteem and personal growth. We concluded that in order to facilitate long-term positive outcomes of participation in practice, it is necessary to focus on group cohesion, and on the social worker’s behavior and attitude. 相似文献
993.
Luiz Eduardo Sousa Andre Avarese Figueiredo José Murillo Bastos Netto 《The aging male》2019,22(1):34-38
The male pelvic floor muscles comprise a pair of compound muscle layers referred to as the levator ani. Studies have shown that pelvic floor muscle strength is affected by physical activity. This study aimed to assess male pelvic floor muscle strength through manometry of the external anal sphincter and evaluation of its association with physical activity level, BMI, and rectal pressure in healthy men. To assess physical activity level over the previous week, we used the International Physical Activity Questionnaire 8 (IPAQ). Pelvic floor muscle strength was assessed via anorectal manometry. The results shows a negative correlation between resting pressure and MET, a positive correlation between rectal pressure and resting and maximum pressure. The novel finding of this study is a negative correlation between walking and pelvic floor strength. This study raises new questions about the understanding of the interaction among physical activity, intraabdominal pressure, and pelvic floor strength in the physiology of continence in men. 相似文献
994.
Lizanlé van Biljon Vera Roos Susan O’Reilly 《Journal of intergenerational relationships》2019,17(1):25-41
Care and respect are two sides of the same coin, yet very little is known about respect shown by younger women in relation to people aged 60 and older. This study sets out to explore what motivates young adult women to respect older people. Twenty-five post-graduate women from a tertiary education institution in South Africa participated in the Mmogo-method®, a projective visual data-collection method, to produce textual and visual data. These were analysed using sequential and visual analysis. Findings reported combinations of motivational types for respect of older people, on a continuum from extrinsic (socialised normative values) to intrinsic (personal choice and empathy), and from conditional to unconditional, namely: extrinsic/conditional; extrinsic/unconditional; self-motivated/conditional and self-motivated/unconditional. Respect as an impact on relational interactions between people is either constructive and encouraging or damaging and disparaging. Interpersonal risks are associated with motivation and this could affect future interactions and manifestations of intergenerational respect. 相似文献
995.
996.
In a study on informal or unpaid care, it is difficult to identify the consequences and effects of care provision on the caregiver’s daily life. Thus, it is important to analyze the perceptions of the individual caregiver. This study describes the perceptions of health, well-being, support networks, and quality of life of 13 women aged between 45 and 70 years after completing an intervention program. The data indicate that caregivers’ health and quality of life worsen with the intervention, and their well-being and social relations (through new technologies) improve. 相似文献
997.
Isabel María Fernández Medina José Granero-Molina Cayetano Fernández-Sola José Manuel Hernández-Padilla Marcos Camacho Ávila María del Mar López Rodríguez 《Women and birth : journal of the Australian College of Midwives》2018,31(4):325-330
Background
The birth of an extremely preterm infant can disrupt normal mother–infant physical contact and the care provided by the mother. This situation has an impact on the process of bonding between the mother and the child.Aim
The objective of this study was to describe and understand the experiences of mothers who have extremely preterm infants admitted in Neonatal Intensive Care Units with regard to their bonding process.Methods
An interpretive, qualitative research methodology using Gadamer’s philosophical hermeneutics was carried out. A focus group and eleven in-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted. Data were collected between June and September of 2016.Findings
Sixteen women with a mean age of 34.4 years participated in the study. Two themes emerged from the data analysis: (1) premature labour and technological environment, a distorted motherhood, with the subthemes ‘feeling of emptiness and emotional crisis’ and ‘the complexity of the environment and care generate an emotional swing’; (2) learning to be the mother of an extremely preterm infant, with the subthemes “the difficulty of relating to a stranger” and ‘forming the bond in spite of difficulties’.Conclusions
The bonding with extremely preterm infants is interrupted after giving birth. The maternal emotional state and the environment of the neonatal intensive care unit limit its development. Nursing care can facilitate mother–infant bonding by encouraging communication, participation in care, massaging or breastfeeding. 相似文献998.
Carlos Varea José Manuel Terán Cristina Bernis Barry Bogin 《Women and birth : journal of the Australian College of Midwives》2018,31(3):e190-e196
Background
Delayed childbearing is considered a risk factor for maternal–foetal health. As in other higher-income countries, in Spain age at maternity has steadily increased during the last two decades.Aim
To quantify the impact of the delay in the age at maternity on small for gestational age (SGA) categories of <3rd, 3rd–5th and 5th–10th percentiles.Methods
2,672,350 singleton live births born to Spanish mothers in 2007–2015 were analysed. Adjusted relative risk was calculated to estimate the adjusted partial population attributable fractions (PAFp) for mothers aged 35–39 and ≥40 years for each category of SGA considering the interaction between age at maternity and parity.Findings
Primipara 35–39 years old mothers have the highest PAFp in the three categories of SGA, with the maximum value for SGA <3rd percentile (2.57%, 95% CI 2.25, 2.88). PAFp for both primipara and multipara ≥40 years old mothers were less than 1%. PAFp for primipara older mothers increased significantly in 2007–2015 for the three categories of SGA, more clearly among those aged 35–39 years. The contribution of multipara mothers of both age groups did not increase significantly during the period.Conclusion
Delayed maternity is a significant adjusted risk factor for SGA, contributing to the increase of its prevalence. However, results also suggest a limited clinical impact of delayed maternity on foetal growth. Positive changes in maternal profile associated with the shift in maternal age might contribute to explain the limited impact of mothers aged 35 years and older on negative birth outcome in Spain. 相似文献999.
Salvador Boccaletti Ramos José de Paula Silva Cláudia Alexandra Bolela Mônica de Andrade 《Social indicators research》2018,138(2):467-477
The Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) list the objectives and targets that should be addressed to solve the global issues regarding sustainable development. They encompass the social, economic and environmental dimensions and search for solutions that are able not only to monitor but also to control the operational indicators attributed to each objective. It is expected that many of these indicators are associated to each other and the accurate understanding of these correlations allows to build predictive statistical models that can improve the monitoring and controlling of variables. It would increase the rate of success in achieving the SDG. This study tested a linear multivariate model able to predict the human development index based on environmental variables which are related to SDG 3 (health), 4 (education), 8 (sustainable economic growth and decent work) and 15 (protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems). We fitted the models using the Linear Discriminant Analysis and Best Subset Selection applied to a Linear Multivariate Regression. The model predictive ability was assessed by R2 and cross-validation (CV). The results showed that exposure to unsafe sanitation, access to drinking water, tree cover loss, unsafe water quality, wastewater treatment level, and household air pollution are excellent predictors of human development index of a population, with R2 = 0.94 and 10-fold CV Mean Squared Error equal to 0.0014. This tool can help stakeholders to monitor and control indicators attributed to good health and well-being, quality education, clean water and sanitation, decent work and economic growth, sustainable cities and communities and life on land sustainable development goals. 相似文献
1000.
José Joaquín García-Gómez Antonio Escudero Gutierrez 《Social indicators research》2018,139(1):347-379
This is the first study that empirically examines how migration influences migrants’ time use patterns in China, utilizing a mixed-method approach. We systematically estimate the migration effects on weekly hours on working, leisure, personal care and domestic responsibilities, based on data from the nationally representative 2010 Chinese Family Panel Studies. We then supplement these analyses with in-depth interviews conducted in Beijing to further understand the underlying mechanisms. Compared with urban locals, rural-to-urban migrants have longer work hours and less leisure time. The largest differences are found among men. On average, migrant men work 5 h longer and have 7 fewer hours of leisure per week than urban local men. These differences are moderated by migrants’ and their parents’ socioeconomic status, and their family responsibilities. The in-depth interviews reveal that the busier work schedules are largely motivated by the transient nature of most rural-to-urban migration and the overwhelming economic pressures for household establishment and career development. 相似文献