A computationally efficient method for bootstrapping systems of demand equations: A comparison to traditional techniques

The solution to a Liapunov matrix equation (LME) has been proposed to estimate the parameters of the demand equations derived from the Translog, the Almost Ideal Demand System and the Rotterdam demand models. When compared to traditional scemingly unrelated regression (SUR) methods the LME approach saves both computer time and space, and it provides parameter estimates that are less likely to suffer from round-off error. However, the LME method is difficult to implement without the use of specially written computer programs and, unlike traditional SUR methods, it does not automatically provide an estimate of the covariance of the parameters. This paper solves these two problems, the first by providing a simplified solution to the Liapunov matrix equation which can be written in a few lines of code in computer languages such as SAS PROC MATRIX/IML^TM or GAUSS^TM; the second, by bootstrapping the parameter covariance matrix.     

Rural residential development and municipal service provision: a Canadian case study

The relationships between rural residential development and the provision of services in rural municipalities are explored for a township in southern Ontario, Canada. The evolution of the settlement pattern, particularly the density of nonfarm development, is traced from 1955 to 1983 using aerial photographs and field surveys. The implications of this settlement morphology for the provision of services, especially their cost, are examined, focussing upon three services: roads, school bus transportation, and fire protection. Despite the demonstrated difficulty in segregating the effects of settlement morphology on service provision, this issue has played an important role in the formulation and application of policies pertaining to rural residential development. These policies, which have a relatively short yet nonetheless lively history in Ontario, are shown to be reflected in the present pattern of nonfarm settlement in the study area.     

Increasing public awareness of pathological gambling behavior: A history of the National Council on Compulsive Gambling

This article provides a history of the National Council on Compulsive Gambling. It includes a discussion of ambivalence toward gambling, the development of the disease concept, increased public participation and awareness of gambling, the enactment of state legislation, and public education strategies of the council.     

Self psychology and countertransference in the treatment of children

The issues of countertransference in the treatment of children have received far less attention than those arising in the treatment of adults. This paper attempts to begin to redress this imbalance. Some of the major countertransferences in work with children are addressed, and the perspective of self psychology is presented. In the conclusion some thoughts are offered regarding some of the narcissistic injuries therapists must confront in dealing with issues of countertransference.     

Peace Fair or Warfare: Educating the Community

Psychologists who wish to promote peace and justice must investigate how to mobilize the political will of the people in order to improve the policy making of the elite. This is the second study in a program of action research designed to investigate ways of encouraging people to accept personal responsiblity for influencing governmental foreign policy. It reports an attempt to create an ideal educational experience—a peace fair—that would provide the set of conditions that the first study suggested were essential for the acceptance of personal responsibility. The fair was successful in convincing individuals that they personally could do something to help prevent nuclear war. However, it revealed a serious weakness in the current peace movement—an inability to portray convincingly a course of national action that could promote peace and justice. This is an essential component for efficient action. Suggestions are made for the next round of research.     

Developmental Transitions of Gay/Lesbian/Bisexual-Affirmative,Heterosexual Career Counselors

This article proposes parallels between gay, lesbian, and bisexual identity development and the professional development of gay/lesbian/bisexual-affirmative, heterosexual career counselors. This perspective gives a developmental framework for understanding the changing feelings, thoughts, behaviors, and actions that accompany the professional, personal, and political growth of heterosexual career counselors who are seeking to become affirmative to career and life planning issues associated with sexual orientation.