Population Research and Policy Review - Few studies of disparities consider logistical hurdles faced by adults with obesity in obtaining needed healthcare. This study compared adults with obesity... 相似文献
International student mobility to the United States (US) has increased over the past two decades. Despite the increase in numbers, international students may experience racism, nativism, and other forms of discrimination within the US context. Much of the existing literature focus on how international students can assimilate and cope with these issues rather than interrogating the systems of oppression that create negative student experiences. Thus, we utilized critical race theory (CRT) as a framework for interrogating how international student experiences are portrayed in current literature. Although CRT is grounded in US-based legal theory, we argue that CRT must move beyond the rigid confinement within US borders and expand to consider how transnationalism and global exchange contributes to the fluidity and applicability of this theory. We also provide recommendations for critical race praxis, with an emphasis on implications for practice, theory, and future research. 相似文献
Using a sample of 348 service sector cross-border acquisitions by U.S. firms in 44 countries during 1990–2006, our study seeks to identify factors that influence relative acquisition size (acquisition transaction value as a percentage of acquiring firm's asset value). Our findings indicate that firm-specific advantages (FSAs) in the form of available financial slack and target industry knowledge were positively associated with relative acquisition size. However, contrary to expectations, we observed a negative relationship between cross-border acquisition experience and relative acquisition size. In addition, our results suggest that country-specific advantages (CSAs) associated with higher market potential, lower political risk, and greater cultural similarity contributed to increased relative acquisition size in service industry cross-border acquisitions. Finally, our analysis reveals that the relationship between available financial slack and relative acquisition size is contingent on cultural similarity with the relationship being more pronounced when cultural similarity is high. 相似文献
The prominence of market orientation as a core organizational concept, as well as recent discussions about its contributions and shortcomings, suggest that it is time to assess the large and expanding body of research surrounding the construct. Our research takes a systematic qualitative approach to assessing extant research on market orientation, identifying problems, patterns, and paradoxes in the literature. Specifically, we provide an integration of the burgeoning empirical research on market orientation, based on a thorough synthesis of articles published over more than 25 years of inquiry. Bringing together the different strands of inquiry that have guided knowledge accumulation on market orientation, we are able to identify major theoretical gaps and omissions in the literature. We also find that while market orientation research has made considerable strides over the years, much work still needs to be done as voids remain that need to be addressed in future investigations.
Obesity is considered a major cause of premature mortality and a potential threat to the longstanding secular decline in mortality
in the United States. We measure relative and attributable risks associated with obesity among middle-aged adults using data
from the Health and Retirement Study (1992–2004). Although class II/III obesity (BMI _ 35.0 kg/m2) increases mortality by
40% in females and 62% in males compared with normal BMI (BMI = 18.5-24.9), class I obesity (BMI = 30.0-34.9) and being overweight
(BMI = 25.0-29.9) are not associated with excess mortality. With respect to attributable mortality, class II/III obesity (BMI
_ 35.0) is responsible for approximately 4% of deaths among females and 3% of deaths among males. Obesity is often compared
with cigarette smoking as a major source of avoidable mortality. Smoking-attributable mortality is much larger in this cohort:
about 36% in females and 50% in males. Results are robust to confounding by preexisting diseases, multiple dimensions of socioeconomic
status (SES), smoking, and other correlates. These findings challenge the viewpoint that obesity will stem the long-term secular
decline in U.S. mortality. 相似文献
Population forecasts entail a significant amount of uncertainty, especially for long-range horizons and for places with small
or rapidly changing populations. This uncertainty can be dealt with by presenting a range of projections or by developing
statistical prediction intervals. The latter can be based on models that incorporate the stochastic nature of the forecasting
process, on empirical analyses of past forecast errors, or on a combination of the two. In this article, we develop and test
prediction intervals based on empirical analyses of past forecast errors for counties in the United States. Using decennial
census data from 1900 to 2000, we apply trend extrapolation techniques to develop a set of county population forecasts; calculate
forecast errors by comparing forecasts to subsequent census counts; and use the distribution of errors to construct empirical
prediction intervals. We find that empirically-based prediction intervals provide reasonably accurate predictions of the precision
of population forecasts, but provide little guidance regarding their tendency to be too high or too low. We believe the construction
of empirically-based prediction intervals will help users of small-area population forecasts measure and evaluate the uncertainty
inherent in population forecasts and plan more effectively for the future. 相似文献
This paper offers evidence on the sensitivity of child poverty in South Africa to changes in the adult equivalence scale (AES)
and updates the child poverty profile based on the Income and Expenditure Survey 2005/06. Setting the poverty line at the
40th percentile of households calculated with different AESs the scope and composition of child poverty are found to be relatively
insensitive to the scale used. The rankings of children of different ages, girls versus boys, racial groupings and children
living in rural versus urban areas are unaffected by choice of AES, although some provincial rankings on the poverty headcount
measure are. The proportions of children and households ‘correctly’ identified as poor for the full range of scales is extremely high.
These findings support the argument that it may be appropriate for profiling poverty in South Africa to use a poverty line
based on a per capita welfare measure. For the construction of the child poverty profile, per capita income is used as the
welfare indicator with the poverty line set at the 40th percentile of household. The profile suggests that poverty amongst
children is more extensive than amongst the population or adults even after the massive injection of transfers into households
with poor children through the child support grant. The child poverty headcount, depth and severity are all highest amongst
children age 0–4 and lowest amongst those aged 15–17, who are not yet beneficiaries of the grants. They are also highest amongst
African and Coloured children. Large variations across provinces remain. The analysis underlines the importance of prioritising
children in the fight against poverty, particularly in their earliest years. 相似文献
Determining priority importance is a matter of concerns among the organization to improve their performance. One of the important
aspects that should be considered by the organization is management of human resources, comprising of members who have their
own family life. In this paper, we deliver a new perspective for organization to provide priority importance for their members
with respect to family matters in order to inculcate the sense of belonging in the organization. To be effective in considering
family matters in the organizational policy making, closer look of family characteristics are required. The idea of translating
several family characteristics as quality variables and applying the quality function deployment (QFD) method to these variables
could present a new way of improving the decision making in the organization by considering the process of decision in the
family. Quality function deployment for family (QFDF) produces a friendly interpretation of a highly complex and intangible
matters around family life; thus, making the assessment of a family easier. QFD is applied on the data gathered from a questionnaire
survey based on 1,213 families in West Malaysia, Malaysia. Twelve variables are identified as voice of family, where seven
of them are found to have the highest priority of importance. These variables could also be translated into quality variables
in the context of organization, the strategy of improvement for the family could be interpreted as strategy for improvement
in the organization. Furthermore, the results of this study provide suggestion to improve actions for managing human resource.
In the discussion, three most high ranked variables from both perspectives of family and organization are considered. 相似文献