Structural changes during a century of the world’s most popular sport

The analysis in this paper employs a methodology for dating structural breaks in tests with non-standard asymptotic distributions. The application examines whether changes in the rules of a game and major social and political events during the past century had significant effects upon various outcomes of this game. The statistical methodology first applied here proves successful as most breaks can be traced to specific events and rule changes. Dating these breaks allows us to obtain useful insights into production and competition processes in this industry. As such, using empirical tests we illustrate the utility of a valuable statistical technique not applied previously.Ignacio Palacios-Huerta: I am grateful to Gary S. Becker, Tony Lancaster, Robin Lumsdaine, Kevin M. Murphy, Gabriel Perez-Quiros, Ana I. Saracho, Amy Serrano, an associate editor and a referee for useful suggestions. I am also indebted to Barry Blake, Vicki Bogan, Salwa Hammami and Karen Wong for able research assistance, Tony Brown at the Association of Football Statisticians for the data the Hoover Institution for its hospitality, and the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnologia for financial support (grant BEC 2003-08182). The Gauss programs used in this paper were kindly provided by Bruce E. Hansen. Any errors are mine alone.     

Dynamic risk control for project development

A statistical methodology for dynamic risk control is discussed. The research is aimed at constructing tools for the analysis of expert opinions within a company about the risks involved in the production of a new commercial product or service. Focus is on risk events and on the analysis of the expert assessments of probabilities, losses and correlations of such events. A rescoring loop of risk assessments and preventive actions taken by the company on the basis of these assessments is illustrated through an example on software development. Relevant literature on risk and subjective elicitations is reviewed.     

Organisationsentwicklung durch Gesundheitsförderung,dargestellt am Beispiel Krankenhaus

The public interest in the health status of the individual has increased steadily over the last decades. Organisations — as goal oriented groups of individuals-need health promotion too. The article shows, using hospitals as an example, that this can be an important task for corporate social work. In addition to fundamental reflections on the health damaging impact of hospitals on their staff this article describes as well concrete and practical measures of how health promotion can be achieved in companies.     

Ärger in Organisationen — eine strukturationstheoretische Perspektive

Anger between colleagues is part of the daily life in organisations. Conflicts do not only imply very intense emotions, but annoyed actors also tend to strongly personalise them: Often, the blame is attributed to others. Typical consequences of these emotional distortions, which lead to anger, are continuous conflicts, health problems and a lower working efficiency. This article pleads to take more into consideration the structure of organisations in order to avoid these problems. By referring to the structuring theory (Giddens) which takes into account different structural components (Signification, legitimation and power) a general perspective of anger episodes can be developed. Organisational structures produce anger and anger reproduces organisational structures.Based on this assumption, several approaches point out the application of a more developed structuring theory of anger interactions in organisations.     

Von Redelisten und Reißverschlüssen — Erfahrungen einer Trainerin mit der politischen Gremienarbeit

Ohne Zusammenfassung Dr. phil. Bernadette Grawe ist in eigener Praxis freiberuflich t?tig als Supervisorin (DGSv), Organisationsberaterin und Trainerin für Gruppendynamik (DAGG). Ingrid Stahmer ist Sozialarbeiterin (seit 1965) und Trainerin für Gruppendynamik im DAGG (seit 1974). Nach ihrem (freiwilligen) Ausstieg aus der Politik ist sie wieder freiberuflich als Trainerin und im Coaching für Führungskr?fte t?tig.     

Imputation by power transformation

In this paper, a new power transformation estimator of population mean in the presence of non-response has been suggested. The estimator of mean obtained from proposed technique remains better than the estimators obtained from ratio or mean methods of imputation. The mean squared error of the resultant estimator is less than that of the estimator obtained on the basis of ratio method of imputation for the optinum choice of parameters. An estimator for estimating a parameter involved in the process of new method of imputation has been discussed. The MSE expressions for the proposed estimators have been derived analytically and compared empirically. Product method of imputation for negatively correlated variables has also been introduced. The work has been extended to the case of multi-auxiliary information to be used for imputation.     

Identification of outliers in a one-way random effects model

We distinguish between three types of outliers in a one-way random effects model. These are formally described in terms of their position relative to the main part of the observations. We propose simple rules for identifying such outliers and give an example which involves median-based statistics.     

Contents to Volume 1, 2003

Volume Contents

Contents to Volume 1, 2003