Exclusion by design: intersections of social,digital and data exclusion

ABSTRACT

As smart technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), automation and Internet of Things (IoT) are increasingly embedded into commercial and government services, we are faced with new challenges in digital inclusion to ensure that existing inequalities are not reinforced and new gaps that are created can be addressed. Digital exclusion is often compounded by existing social disadvantage, and new systems run the risk of creating new barriers and harms. Adopting a case study approach, this paper examines the exclusionary practices embedded in the design and implementation of social welfare services in Australia. We examined Centrelink’s automated Online Compliance Intervention system (‘Robodebt’) and the National Disability Insurance Agency’s intelligent avatar interface ‘Nadia’. The two cases show how the introduction of automated systems can reinforce the punitive policies of an existing service regime at the design stage and how innovative AI systems that have the potential to enhance user participation and inclusion can be hindered at implementation so that digital benefits are left unrealised.     

Complicated narratives of ‘Korean-ness’: towards strategic provisionality in parental involvement

The purpose of this paper is to advance the discourse on parental involvement drawing from Butlerian notion of strategic provisionality. In developing a new approach to understanding cultural differences and their relation to Korean parental involvement, the authors analyze qualitative and quantitative data from five New York metropolitan elementary schools. The authors examine the ways in which ‘Korean-ness’ and Korean parental involvement are discursively constructed and embodied in sociopolitical and historical contexts in the United States. We present two themes related to Korean parental involvement: (a) the double-edged component of respect for teachers and (b) biopolitics related to English language and parental involvement. By challenging normalized understanding about Korean-ness, the authors suggest a different approach to ethnoepistemology in order to enrich discourses concerning parental involvement and ethnic/racial studies.     

基于需求导向的河北省语言服务人才培养策略探究

在"一带一路"倡议、京津冀协同发展、雄安新区建设等一系列重大国家战略的引领下,河北省对外开放迎来崭新篇章,这对河北省语言服务类人才培养质量提出新的更高要求。从人才需求端分析出发,调查了河北省不同类别语言服务行业的人才需求,对语言服务人才培养方面存在的问题进行了深入分析,探讨语言服务人才培养的有效策略和手段,以期给河北省语言服务人才培养单位提供第一手资料,提升高校人才培养的针对性和适切性。     

Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithms with sequential proposals

We explore a general framework in Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling where sequential proposals are tried as a candidate for the next state of the Markov chain. This sequential-proposal framework can be applied to various existing MCMC methods, including Metropolis–Hastings algorithms using random proposals and methods that use deterministic proposals such as Hamiltonian Monte Carlo (HMC) or the bouncy particle sampler. Sequential-proposal MCMC methods construct the same Markov chains as those constructed by the delayed rejection method under certain circumstances. In the context of HMC, the sequential-proposal approach has been proposed as extra chance generalized hybrid Monte Carlo (XCGHMC). We develop two novel methods in which the trajectories leading to proposals in HMC are automatically tuned to avoid doubling back, as in the No-U-Turn sampler (NUTS). The numerical efficiency of these new methods compare favorably to the NUTS. We additionally show that the sequential-proposal bouncy particle sampler enables the constructed Markov chain to pass through regions of low target density and thus facilitates better mixing of the chain when the target density is multimodal.

     

疫情防控常态化形势下中国大学生管理模式探析

疫情防控常态化形势下的大学生管理工作,要充分认识当前存在的困难问题,借鉴和发扬国内外校园防疫优秀成果,实现大学生管理理念从被动式、低效型、分散化向主动式、高效型、系统化转变。要在疫情防控常态化形势下,构建起“一主线、双统筹、三保障”的大学生管理构架。紧紧围绕“三全育人”工作主线,统筹抓好新冠疫情防控和学生日常管理,不断强化体制机制保障、舆论氛围保障和技术物资保障。从思想管理、学习管理、生活管理、组织管理四个维度加强管理模式创新。将疫情防控内容、防控理念、防控举措和防控机制有机融入其中,使疫情防控常态化形势下的大学生管理模式实现新的突破。     

“政道”与“治道”——对先秦政治哲学的反思性考察

先秦时期,思想家们对政治生活进行反思,以确定政治思想,并求得治国安邦的大政方针,这就产生了政治哲学。政治哲学是中国哲学的一大特点,是由中国社会的特点所决定的,具体体现在中国哲学的主题、世界观和社会功能诸方面。     

论风景名胜资源的“评”与“价”

在当前风景名胜资源保护与利用的过程中，缺乏制衡保护与利用行为的客观标尺，以及规划与管理间缺乏相互联系与互动的现象十分突出。该文以促进风景名胜资源评价方法的客观性与全面性为出发点，将风景名胜资源评价中的“评”定义为对资源使用价值的定性分析，“价”定义为对资源价值的定量核算，从而在建立更为完善的风景名胜资源评价体系的同时，使价值规律贯穿于整个风景名胜资源的保护与利用工作中。     

构建多元化老龄生活援助体系

老年群体中普遍存在的生活障碍和困难,已经成为当前社会中的一个亟待解决的问题.这一方面是由于中国人口老龄化进程的加快,导致了老年人口增长迅速,抚养比上升;另一方面,经济社会的变迁使传统的家庭养老保障功能弱化,老年照顾资源出现断层.为满足老人的不同需要,本文提出了构建多元化老龄生活援助体系的见解,即通过整合社会资源来缓解老年群体生活困难,增进老年人福利.     

Consumption in the Korean Wedding Ritual: Wedding Ritual Values, Consumer Needs, and Expenditures

Recently, consumer researchers have been interested in rituals that concisely express the consumption system in a culture. This article studies the Korean wedding ritual. The particular focus is on consumer values, needs, and expenditures related to Korean weddings. Research hypotheses were developed by analyzing the consumption phenomena in a sociocultural context and using focus groups and in-depth interviews. The author suggests that hedonic values relating to wedding rituals influence conspicuous and female-focused consumption. Implications of the study and further consumption research issues are discussed.