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61.
The ambiguity of low back pain diagnoses presently available proves detrimental to the patient's morale and impedes research into optimal treatment and prevention. This paper shows that the classification of patients into seven empirically derived groups clarifies problems in clinical diagnosis and can reveal differences in treatment responses otherwise undetected. The clinician is provided with sign and symptom patterns for each of the diagnoses and group specific response to treatment is discussed. The results are consistent with those found in clinical practice but further validation in different patient and observer populations is needed before the system can be adopted as a routine aid to clinical practice. 相似文献
62.
The algebraic definitions presented here are motivated by our search for an adequate formalization of the concepts of social roles as regularities in social network patterns. The theorems represent significant homomorphic reductions of social networks which are possible using these definitions to capture the role structure of a network. The concepts build directly on the pioneering work of S.F. Nadel (1957) and the pathbreaking approach to blockmodeling introduced by Lorrain and White (1971) and refined in subsequent years (White, Boorman and Breiger 1976;Boorman and White 1976; Arabie, Boorman and Levitt, 1978; Sailer, 1978).Blockmodeling is one of the predominant techniques for deriving structural models of social networks. When a network is represented by a directed multigraph, a blockmodel of the multigraph can be characterized as mapping points and edges onto their images in a reduced multigraph. The relations in a network or multigraph can also be composed to form a semigroup.In the first part of the paper we examine “graph” homomorphisms, or homomorphic mappings of the points or actors in a network. A family of basic concepts of role equivalence are introduced, and theorems presented to show the structure preserving properties of their various induced homomorphisms. This extends the “classic” approach to blockmodeling via the equivalence of positions.Lorrain and White (1971), Pattison (1980), Boyd, 1980, Boyd, 1982, and most recently Bonacich (1982) have explored the topic taken up in the second part of this paper, namely the homomorphic reduction of the semigroup of relations on a network, and the relation between semigroup and graph homomorphisms. Our approach allows us a significant beginning in reducing the complexity of a multigraph by collapsing relations which play a similar “role” in the network. 相似文献
63.
Karl D. Qualls 《National Identities》2013,15(2):123-139
By exploring the reconstruction of the city of Sevastopol after the Second World War and the memorialisation that accompanied this process, this article seeks to examine the identities embedded into this process, particularly the relationship between local and Soviet identities. 相似文献
64.
Reviewed by Karl Bryant Ph.D. 《Journal of sex research》2013,50(4):397-398
THE SEXUAL VICTIMIZATION OF CHILDREN. Mary de Young. Jefferson, NC: McFarland &; Company, 1982; 179 pages; $18.95. “FEMININITY,” “MASCULINITY,” AND “ANDROGYNY” A Modern Philosophical Discussion. Mary Vetterling‐Braggin (Ed.). Totowa, NJ: Littlefield, Adams, &; Co., 1982; 326 pages; $8.95. IMPOTENCE: Physiological, Psychological, Surgical Diagnosis and Treatment. Gorm Wagner and Richard Green. New York: Plenum Press, 1981; 182 pages; $24.50. Bullough, V. L. Age at Menarche: A Misunderstanding. Science 1981, 213, 365–366. 相似文献
65.
66.
One central objection to the maximin payoff criterion is that it focuses on the state that yields the lowest payoffs regardless
of how low these are. We allow different states to have different sets of possible outcomes and show that the original axioms
of Milnor (1954) continue to characterize the maximin payoff criterion, provided that the sets of payoffs achievable across
states overlap. If instead payoffs in some states are always lower than in all others then ignoring the “bad” states is no
longer inconsistent with these axioms. Similar dependence on overlap of outcome spaces across states holds for the minimax
regret and maximin joy criteria.
相似文献
67.
The subject of the present study is to analyze how accurately an elaborated price jump detection methodology by Barndorff-Nielsen
and Shephard (J. Financ. Econom. 2:1–37, 2004a; 4:1–30, 2006) applies to financial time series characterized by less frequent trading. In this context, it is of primary interest to understand
the impact of infrequent trading on two test statistics, applicable to disentangle contributions from price jumps to realized
variance. In a simulation study, evidence is found that infrequent trading induces a sizable distortion of the test statistics
towards overrejection. A new empirical investigation using high frequency information of the most heavily traded electricity
forward contract of the Nord Pool Energy Exchange corroborates the evidence of the simulation. In line with the theory, a
“zero-return-adjusted estimation” is introduced to reduce the bias in the test statistics, both illustrated in the simulation
study and empirical case. 相似文献
68.
Rebecca Kemp Contributor Shana McDanold Contributor Posie Aagaard Contributor Helen Heinrich Contributor Regina Koury Contributor Lisa Kurt Contributor Megan Griffin Contributor Andre J. Rathemacher Contributor Martha Rice Sanders Contributor Kristine Kinzer Contributor Kurt Blythe Column Editor 《Serials Review》2009,35(3):170-174
Late winter and early spring of 2009 was a busy conference time for librarians. Some of the conferences held during that time are reported herein: the American Library Association Midwinter Conference, January 23–28; Electronic Resources and Libraries (E&RL), February 9–12; the North Carolina Serials Conference, March 27; the New England Technical Services Librarians' (NETSL) Spring Conference, April 17; and the Technical, Electronic and Digital Services Interest Group (TEDSIG) Spring Meeting, April 24. 相似文献
69.
Relationships between mothers and their children are expected to be lifelong and rewarding for both members of the dyad. Because of the salience of these ties, they are likely to be disrupted only under conditions of extreme relational tension and dissatisfaction. In this work, the authors drew on theoretical arguments regarding societal norm violations and value similarity to examine the processes that lead to estrangement between mothers and adult children. To address this issue, they used quantitative and qualitative data on 2,013 mother–adult child dyads nested within 561 later life families, including 64 in which mothers reported being estranged from at least 1 of their children. Value dissimilarity was found to be a strong predictor of estrangement, whereas violation of serious societal norms was not. Qualitative data revealed that value dissimilarity created severe relational tension between mothers and adult children leading to estrangement. 相似文献
70.
Daniel M. Byrd III Donald O. Allen Robert L. Beamer Henry R. Besch Jr. David B. Bylund John Doull William W. Fleming Arthur Fries F. Peter Guengerich Roger Hornbrook Louis Lasagna Bert K. B. Lum Elias K. Michaelis Edward T. Morgan Alan Poland Karl K. Rozman J. Bryan Smith Hollie I. Swanson William Waddell James D. Wilson 《Risk analysis》1998,18(1):1-2