民族地区地方政府债务状况的评价与建议

目前,有关我国地方债务问题的研究备受关注.民族地区地方政府债务形成和发展与全国具有同步性,但债务压力和债务风险比全国大部分地区形势要严重,其主要来源于“吃饭财政”、土地财政、地方政府融资平台以及自然灾害和其他突发经济社会事件的影响.从理论研究层面和数据实证层面都可以看出,民族地区地方政府债务规模较大、增长较快,且县级债务负担更重,信用违约风险概率更高.因此,应高度重视民族地区地方债务问题,以求尽量客观、完整、准确评价债务风险,全面提高债务管理水平.     

Effects of Leader Support in the Work Unit on the Relationship Between Work Spillover and Family Adaptation

This study examines the direct versus the buffering effect of leader support in the work unit on the relationship between work spillover and family adaptation. The analyses use data from a probability sample of 3,190 married soldiers in the U.S. Army who participated in the 1989 Army and Family Survey, and the data are analyzed by the gender of the respondent. Two types of work spillover are examined in the analysis (energy and time interference), and both internal and external types of family adaptation are hypothesized and supported by the empirical analysis. Only modest support is found for the buffering effect hypothesis. In support of the direct effect hypothesis, the findings indicate that leader support in the work unit decreases perceptions of work spillover, which is a preventive effect, and enhances perceptions of external adaptation, which is a therapeutic effect.     

努力互补效应、非合作博弈与创业努力策略选择

创业投资者和创业企业家之间的博弈贯穿于创业企业发展的整个过程,创业融资的过程通常是多次行为博弈.文章引入创业企业家与创业投资者的努力互补效应进行分析,通过研究发现:在一次性博弈或者有限次重复博弈中,创业企业家和投资者会依据分配系数选择相应的策略组合,且无论分配系数为何值都不能使创业企业家和投资者同时以集体利益最大为准则选择各自的努力水平.在无限次重复博弈中,创业企业家与投资者会依据不同的贴现因子和不同的分配系数进行策略选择,此时则可以促使创业投资者与企业家均依据集体收益最大化原则选择努力水平.     

Capturing Relatedness: Comprehensive Measures based on Secondary Data

This paper presents new measures of technological and customer‐side relatedness constructed from widely available secondary data. Relatedness is a concept central to predicting the existence and nature of a relationship between corporate diversification and firm performance. Yet, finding appropriate measures has been an ongoing struggle. The widely used SIC‐based entropy measure has low construct validity, and survey‐based measures are hard to replicate across firms and industries and over time. The measures we develop significantly outperform established measures in explaining variation in firm performance across firms and over time, and both sources of relatedness are found to be independent and significant explanations of firm performance.     

中国和谐劳动关系评价指标体系构建及实证分析

在总结国内相关研究的基础上,结合社会劳动关系的特点,从劳动者职工工资增长状况、三次产业比较劳动生产率、职业培训及技能鉴定发展状况、工会发展水平、社会保障状况和劳动争议状况六个方面构建评价指标体系。通过对中国2001—2006年的数据分析,认为中国应该在改善就业结构、调控行业工资、扩大社会保障、预防劳动争议等方面有所突破。     

中国企业出口行为与生产率关系的历史回溯:2001——2007

中国2001--2007年227家上市公司样本的生产率测算结果,以及中国企业出口的自我选择效应和出口学习效应测算结果显示,企业生产率在即将出口和不出口企业之间没有显著性差异,即将出口的企业生产率没有明显高于不出口企业,从而说明中国企业的自我选择效应并不存在,而且出口因素对企业出口溢值的影响显著。同时,出口企业与非出口企业的生产率增长差异较显著,由此验证了企业出口学习效应的存在。且所有制因素对出口企业与非出口企业生产率增长均无较大的影响,由此说明我国企业支持出口学习效应而不支持自我选择效应。因此,对以往中国企业通过出口行为获得学习效应的总结能为更好地推进我国企业国际化提供强有力的理论支持。     

An analysis of citizen participation in anti-poverty programmes

This article explores citizen participation, describing levels,forms and benefits of participation by local community members.In particular, it analyses citizen involvement in anti-povertyprogrammes, drawing on primary research in Jamaica, where asocial fund forms a major plank of the national government'spolicy and programme to reduce poverty. Using naturalistic inquirymethods, the research sought evidence of citizen participationin social fund subprojects aimed at improving community infrastructureand social services and strengthening community organizations.This article discusses four types of participation revealedby the research and the implications for community-level approachesto economic improvement and social change.     

Expression and ambivalence over expression of negative emotion:psychometric analysis in the Women's Health Initiative

Inhibition of emotional expression has been associated with the incidence and progression of breast cancer and other chronic illnesses. Others have theorized that it may not be repression itself, but rather ambivalence over the expression of emotions that is the important health-related factor. The Women's Health Initiative (WHI), a long-term, national study focusing on disease prevention among postmenopausal women, is unique in its assessment of expression and ambivalence of negative emotion in a large study sample of multiethnic, older women. Psychological factors such as expression of negative emotion and ambivalence about expression of emotion are also determined by social patterning. The current study examined the psychometric properties of the instruments used to measure each construct and variation across race/ethnicity and age. The analysis suggests that the scales can be used with confidence in diverse ethnic and age groups. Examining ambivalence about expression of negative emotion in future longitudinal research will further elucidate its role in predicting disease incidence and recovery, both important in reducing the public health burden of chronic disease.     

取消歧视性监管限制,充分释放民营银行服务潜能

民营银行试点5年多来,总体运营稳健,坚持特色化发展,在服务小微企业和实体经济方面取得了一定成效.与此同时,随着利率市场化改革深入推进、存款保险制度推出,金融科技发展迅猛,对外开放明显提速,民营银行的发展环境正在发生重要变化,试点之初"量身定制"的部分监管措施"瓶颈"效应日益凸显.建议按照"权利平等、机会平等、规则平等"的原则,调整民营银行监管思路,逐步比照同等规模的中小银行统一监管标准,尽快取消在股东监管、机构业务准入等方面的显性或隐性壁垒,激发民间资本进入银行业的活力,释放民营银行发展潜力.