Assessing the Ability to Recognize Facial and Vocal Expressions of Emotion: Construction and Validation of the Emotion Recognition Index

Despite extensive research on emotional expression, there are few validated tests of individual differences in emotion recognition competence (generally considered as part of nonverbal sensitivity and emotional intelligence). This paper reports the development of a rapid test of emotion recognition ability, the Emotion Recognition Index (ERI), consisting of two subtests: one for facial and one for vocal emotion recognition. The rationale underlying the test’s construction, item selection, and analysis are described and a major validation study with more than 3,500 professional candidates, providing stable norms, is reported. Additional analyses concern differences for gender, age, and education, as well as correlations with cognitive intelligence and personality factors. Moreover, a separate validation study with a student sample reports the correlations of the ERI with some of the major published tests in this area, demonstrating satisfactory construct validity. Correlations between ERI scores and the position of candidates in the organizational hierarchy suggest that recognition competence might be might contribute to predicting career advancement.     

Organizational texts lost and found in the architecture of organizing

This paper will discuss some of the texts absent in organizational discourse. Its aim is to illustrate the architecture of organizing through simultaneous, interactive abstract machines, which are constituted by their contextual, local genealogies. Organizing is viewed as simultaneously producing, structuring, escaping and killing. This is a nomadic approach. Nomads, like those who organize, are in constant motion, crossing borders. However, in actuality, they do also have ordered social structures and tend to travel along the same routes.

Just like this text among texts organizing basically has no beginning nor an end it is inbetween interbeing intermezzo an actuality a becoming something that bears yesterday and tomorrow within seeing oneself simultaneously producing and being produced but never completely.     

Erfolgsfaktoren privater Hochschulen

In Germany, private universities have little importance if measured by their share of students. Some of these schools failed after only a short time of existence. Therefore, it is asked which factors promote their survival and growth. This is of particular relevance, as the market environment is more or less unfriendly. Starting from Dunning’s eclectic theory potential contributions from location, internalization and property rights are analyzed. The latter may result from promoting autonomy, growing reputation, building financial competencies and choosing an appropriate management structure. As these thoughts build on literature and experiences, it is suggested to use them as a starting point for empirical research.     

The Nature of the Firm – Static versus Developmental Interpretations

Different from the prevailing staticperspective in the theory of the firm, adevelopmental approach focuses on processes ofchange in firm organizations (rather than onstates and their properties). Although businesshistory provides ample evidence for systematicorganizational change, few contributions in theliterature take a developmental viewpoint andoffer explanations for the endogenous processesof change. To contrast static and developmentalinterpretations, the paper identifies threeparadigmatic questions for each of them. Theircomparison sheds some new light on the theoryof the firm and draws attention to theneglected entrepreneurial role inorganizational change.     

Technological progress and the market value of firms

Is market valuation of corporations affected by events from their product innovation processes? This review shows that such effects can be determined. Whether markets make rational use of the information cannot be established. The surprise element of any information and closeness to market introduction seem to be two important variables that explain the degree of market response. The study concludes with eight statements on what we know and what could or should be investigated in the near future.     

Random alliance networks

The morphological properties of kinship and marriage alliance networks, such as circuits, are typically considered as indicators of sociological phenomena — yet, they may also be partly coincidental. To assert the contribution of chance to these morphological features, we develop a standardized method where empirical alliance networks are compared with a random baseline. We apply our framework to a variety of empirical cases and show that some corpuses are remarkably well reconstructed by our random model, while others still feature significant divergencies which may be partly connected to field-based experience. On the whole, our approach may be used to scrutinize the matrimonial role of social groups as asserted by native or ethnological theory.     

Market Penetration and Acquisition Strategies for Emerging Economies

Multinational enterprises (MNEs) are expanding their global reach, carrying their products and brands to new and diverse markets in emerging economies. As they tailor their strategies to the local context, they have to create product and brand portfolios that match their competences with local needs. A multi-tier strategy with local and/or global brands may provide MNEs with the widest reach into the market and the potential for market leadership. However, it has to be supported with an appropriate combination of global and local resources. Foreign entrants therefore have to develop operational capabilities for the specific context, which requires complementary resources that are typically controlled by local firms. As institutional obstacles and weaknesses of local firms often inhibit the direct acquisitions, foreign investors may pursue unconventional strategies to acquire local resources.We outline the strategies for penetrating local markets through multi-tier branding and the acquisition of local firms, and offer new typologies that describe staged, multiple, indirect, or brownfield acquisitions. We illustrate them by analysing the entry and growth of Carlsberg Breweries in four very different emerging economies: Poland, Lithuania, Vietnam and China.