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101.
Klaus Antons Dr. Hella Gephart Renate Kosuch 《Gruppendynamik und Organisationsberatung》2013,44(1):17-23
Which socio-psychological terms are connected with the term “solidarity”? Solidarity is understood as a specific attitude and quality of relationships between individuals in groups and organizations and on the level of society. A disturbed balance between “self-enhancement” and “self-transcendence” caused by socio-cultural developments diminishes solidarity. The questions that are considered and discussed, are the following: Under which conditions does solidarity arise, which conditions in groups allow individuals to learn about solidarity, do current organizational structures affect the well tried forms of organized solidarity and how does empowerment conflict with the balance of power in society? 相似文献
102.
One-sided assignment problems combine important features of two well-known matching models. First, as in roommate problems,
any two agents can be matched and second, as in two-sided assignment problems, the division of payoffs to agents is flexible
as part of the solution. We take a similar approach to one-sided assignment problems as Sasaki (Int J Game Theory 24:373–397,
1995) for two-sided assignment problems, and we analyze various desirable properties of solutions including consistency and weak pairwise-monotonicity. We show that for the class of solvable one-sided assignment problems (i.e., the subset of one-sided assignment problems
with a non-empty core), if a subsolution of the core satisfies [Pareto indifference and consistency] or [invariance with respect to unmatching dummy pairs, continuity, and consistency], then it coincides with the core (Theorems 1 and 2). However, we also prove that on the class of all one-sided assignment
problems (solvable or not), no solution satisfies consistency and coincides with the core whenever the core is non-empty (Theorem 4). Finally, we comment on the difficulty in obtaining
further positive results for the class of solvable one-sided assignment problems in line with Sasaki’s (1995) characterizations
of the core for two-sided assignment problems. 相似文献
103.
104.
Andreas Amann Ph.D. Klaus Brosius Elke Häußler-Carl Susanne Holzbauer Hubert R. Kuhn Monika Stützle-Hebel 《Gruppendynamik und Organisationsberatung》2013,44(4):461-481
A group of eight Trainers for Groupdynamic analyzed their interventions as trainers of Sensitivity-Groups during the last seven years. They used the methodological approach of Sequential Analysis and the model of the groupdynamic space (Amann, Gruppenprozesse verste-hen, 2001, S. 28). This model combines the three elementary polarities shaping the dynamic in T-Groups: belonging (in or out), power (up or down) and nearness (near or far) and supposes that these three polarities form a kind of dynamical “group-space” in which the three dimensions are simultaneously effective. Thus this model avoids a hydraulic understanding of group processes. Taking into account the model of groupdynamical space the group analyzed Trainer-interventions and asked which alternative intervention could have been possible to underline another dimension of the space. In the analysis of interventions they pointed out which of the three dimensions the trainer-intervention was focussing, which consequences this decision had for the group-process and they asked hypothetically which effects another strategy of intervention could have had. Every intervention is the consequence of a particular interpretation of the current group situation. And each decision could have been taken differently by bringing the attention towards another dimension of the groupdynamical space. This is the core-idea of this essay. Years ago a german movie was released with the title “Lola rennt” and it showed three variations of one moment with three entirely different show downs. This idea inspired us to choose the same titel for our reflections about the practice and richness of groupdynamical interventions. This essay is meant as a contribution to a “second order Groupdynamic” which is interested more in the way trainers perceive group processes than in the theory of the group-process itself. 相似文献
105.
Getting better or getting worse? Consumer responses to decreasing, constant, and ascending multi-dimensional price profiles 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
This research investigates consumer preferences for different multi-dimensional price profiles. Drawing on research on price
affect, we investigate whether consumers prefer descending monthly installments (e.g., 40, 30, 20, 10) over constant (e.g.,
25, 25, 25, 25), or ascending ones (e.g., 10, 20, 30, 40). Results of a field experiment with a sample of 1,628 German car
buyers corroborate the hypothesized profile effect. In the experiment, participants were asked to evaluate different finance
offers for a new car that all had the same present value but differed in terms of how the installments unfolded over time.
Consistent with the hypotheses, decreasing monthly installments are evaluated more favorably than constant installments, which,
in turn are evaluated more favorably than ascending installments. Furthermore, the results provide evidence for the underlying
process by showing that the impact of different MDP profiles is mediated by positive affect. Finally, it was hypothesized
that consumers’ individual differences (i.e., debt aversion, financial expectations, and product category knowledge) would
exert a moderating influence on evaluations of different price profiles; these hypotheses, however, were only partially confirmed.
Theoretical and managerial implications are discussed. 相似文献
106.
Against the background of continually rising public sector health costs in Germany, Michael Müller and Klaus Uedelhofen discuss the merits of ‘Managed Care’, a philosophy of organised health care, having its origins in the US in the early 1970s. Managed care is based on networking all separate groups within the healthcare system, standardising the services and performance, and distributing or sharing risks between all parties involved. Advantages, beyond cost reductions, include quality assurance, greater transparency, the establishment of therapy standards and increased responsibility by patients. The outlook for managed care in Germany looks optimistic. 相似文献
107.
Quantile smoothing in financial time series 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Klaus Abberger 《Statistical Papers》1997,38(2):125-148
Various parametric models have been designed to analyze volatility in time series of financial market data. For maximum likelihood
estimation these parametric methods require the assumption of a known conditional distribution. In this paper we examine the
conditional distribution of daily DAX returns with the help of nonparametric methods. We use kernel estimators for conditional
quantiles resulting from a kernel estimation of conditional distributions.
This work was financially supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft 相似文献
108.
109.
How does an ex‐ante contract affect behavior in an ex‐post renegotiation game? We address this question in a canonical buyer–seller relationship with renegotiation. Our paper provides causal experimental evidence that an initial contract has a highly significant and economically important impact on renegotiation behavior that goes beyond the effect of contracts on bargaining threat points. We compare situations in which an initial contract is renegotiated to strategically equivalent bargaining situations in which no ex‐ante contract was written. The ex‐ante contract causes sellers to ask for markups that are 45% lower than in strategically equivalent bargaining situations without an initial contract. Moreover, buyers are more likely to reject given markups in renegotiations than in negotiations. These effects do not depend on whether the contract was written under competitive or monopolistic conditions. Our results provide strong evidence supporting the hypothesis that contracts serve as reference points that shape and coordinate the expectations of the contracting parties. 相似文献
110.
Klaus G. Troitzsch 《KZfSS K?lner Zeitschrift für Soziologie und Sozialpsychologie》2007,59(3):541-542
Ohne Zusammenfassung 相似文献