Poverty Catchments: Migration,Residential Mobility,and Population Turnover in Impoverished Rural Illinois Communities

Abstract Research has thoroughly documented how out‐migration of the educated and skilled from rural areas leaves behind a poorer population and creates pockets of rural poverty. Recently, studies have recognized that the poor are also geographically mobile and that poverty migration patterns can reinforce rural poverty concentrations. In this process, certain impoverished rural communities in economically depressed regions receive a disproportionate share of poverty migrants, concentrating poverty in certain locations. This paper examines the conditions and processes through which poor rural communities become likely destinations for a highly mobile segment of the rural poor and near‐poor. Utilizing case studies of depressed rural Illinois communities, it investigates how the interplay of community factors and the behavior of migrants transforms rural communities from residentially stable to highly mobile, impoverished places.     

Reference citations in B. F. Skinner’s Verbal Behavior

The Analysis of Verbal Behavior -     

Structural inference for parameters of a power function distribution

We consider the problem of statistical inference on the parameters of the three parameter power function distribution based on a full unordered sample of observations or a type II censored ordered sample of observations. The inference philosophy used is the theory of structural inference. We state inference procedures which yield inferential statements about the three unknown parameters. A numerical example is given to illustrate these procedures. It is seen that within the context of this example the inference procedures of this paper do not encounter certain difficulties associated with classical maximum likelihood based procedures. Indeed it has been our numerical experience that this behavior is typical within the context of that subclass of the three parameter power function distribution to which this example belongs.     

How strategic decisions are made

The aim of this article is to shed some light on how strategic decisions and actions occur in organizations. The fundamental argument is that the traditional literature fails to provide an adequate understanding of how such decisions are made and that a new focus is needed. Drawing on organizational theory, the author approaches a new focus on decision-making, having the first described the traditional approaches.     

Residential Differences in Filial Responsibility Expectations Among Older Persons1

Abstract This study examines variation in filial responsibility expectations-the extent to which adult children are expected to assist and care for their aging parents-among a sample of 440 older persons. The analysis focuses on the relationship of filial responsibility expectations to residential location and tests the hypothesis that older rural residents have higher expectations for assistance from their children than do older urbanites. Current residential location is found to have little impact on expectations, but older persons who were raised in rural areas, particularly on farms, have significantly higher expectations for filial assistance than do older persons from urban backgrounds. Possible consequences of these patterns for the transmission of expectations from parents to children are discussed.     

Statistical morphology

This paper first introduces a parametric model for the generation of stationary random correlated binary sequences. The parameters of the model include the probability that a pixel is a binary one pixel and the length of the structuring element which dilates the initially spatially uncorrelated sequence. The spatial statistics of such eroded, dilated, opened and closed correlated binary sequences are derived in terms of the spatial statistics of the input binary sequence. Understanding of such one-dimensional processing is a precondition for understanding what happens in the more interesting two- dimensional case.     

Social services and social support: blended programs for families at risk of child maltreatment

Social support, increasingly put forth as a fundamental in helping multiproblem families to avoid placement, is a complex construct not easy to define and far more difficult to carry out conceptually and practically. This article describes four family support programs that illustrate certain common denominators for implementation.     

Analysis of a complex decision situation — The Simpsons/Simpsons-Sears merger proposal

Many of the decision situations that arise in modern organizations are very complex. Conventional methods of decision analysis have only limited applicability in these situations. This paper describes a method that can be used as an aid to decision making in such situations where interactions between the parties involved are an important factor. The method is illustrated by reference to a recent situation in which there was competition between a number of participants with regard to the future of the firm of Simpsons Ltd of Toronto. The analysis described illustrates the application of a step-by-step procedure that can be used by participants in the analysis of such situations.     

Placement stability for adolescents in foster care: findings from a program experiment

Increased stability in foster care placements for adolescents who had multiple placement failures and who were alienated from family and other social institutions is reported as the outcome of a demonstration placement-planning and support service in a public agency. Other positive findings are described.