信息化时代大学教育的革新

21世纪的大学教育应倡导机械唯物主义式的教育,即以质为主的教育方式。提倡实现教育信息化,掌握适应教育形态变化的最尖端的信息通信技术。因为知识在信息的"洪流"中日益发生巨变,为了正确引导知识流,其前提条件就是必须克服教育现场的物理局限性。对此,韩国在全国范围内构筑"E-LEARNING"系统等教育信息化投资方面毫不吝啬。     

VOTING IN FIRMS: THE ROLE OF AGENDA CONTROL, SIZE AND VOTER HOMOGENEITY

Voting is a common feature of most firms. Unrestricted voting, however, can lead to unstable decision making. We find that firms make tradeoffs among collective decision making, production scale, firm structure, and voter characteristics that are consistent with efforts to economize on the costs of voting. Firm responses include agenda control, restrictions to obtain a homogeneous voting population, and limits on firm size. We consider three long-surviving producer cooperatives, representing extreme cases of collective decision making, and find that their organization is sensitive to the costs of voting and to the employment of mechanisms to constrain those costs.     

THE SOCIAL BASES OF FEMINISM IN THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITY

Although several studies explore the political environmentsand institutional features of Western European women's movements,few have examined the mass attitudinal bases for feminist politicsin Europe. This article extends the study of feminist politicsby testing models of feminist attitudes developed in the UnitedStates with data collected in the European Community in 1983.We explore the connections between the support of feminist goalsand measures of marital status, female employment, socioeconomiclevel, age, religiosity, place of residence, and political partyidentification, focusing on differences in the predictors ofmale and female attitudes. Consistent with studies of the UnitedStates, we find that women's labor force participation fostersfeminist attitudes among themselves and their husbands. Age,education, religiosity, and partisanship are also found to bepredictors of feminist support. In contrast to studies of Americanwomen and men, we find that marital status has no effect inEurope. Our conclusions have implications for the future offeminist politics in Europe.     

Presidential Popularity and Presidential Elections: An Update and Extension

The popularity of the president as ascertained months priorto a presidential election permits an accurate prediction ofthe election outcome, even when the incumbent president is notrunning for reelection.     

The romantic heresy

L'apparition de l'amour romantique en chrétienté du douzième siècle et sa légitimation éventuelle comme base pour la sélection du conjoint sont expliquées en terme du contraste idéologique entre l'amour romantique (mania), l'amour chretien (agape-caritas), et le mariage féodal de convenance (amour pragmatique). Les institutions sociales supportant chaque légitimation sont analysées. L'amour romantique était particulièrement approprié aux aspirations de mobilité des chevaliers sans terre, vu qu'il mettait en question l'emphase sur le devoir dans l'amour chretien et le mariage féodal, sans proposer un renversement marcusien complet du Principe de réalité pour le Principe du plaisir.
The emergence of romantic love in twelfth-century Christendom and its eventual legitimation as a basis of mate selection are explained in terms of the ideological contrast of romantic love (mania) with Christian love (agape-caritas) and feudal arranged marriage (pragmatic love). The social institutions supporting each legitimation are analysed. Romantic love is found particularly suited to the status striving of the landless knights, as it challenged the emphasis on duty in Christian love and feudal marriage, without proposing a complete Marcusian overthrow of the reality principle in favour of the pleasure principle.     

The Canadian agricultural frontier

Selon les formulations classiques de la théorie de la rente foncière, les concepts de manque et de monopole sont essentiellement requis pour l'émergence de cette rente. Tel a été le cas dans les prairies canadiennes malgré la disponibilité de millions d'acres de terre agricole vierge. Cette étude explique pourquoi, en appliquant les théories ricardienne et marxiste de la rente foncière au contexte canadien. L'étude soutient que les contraintes techniques ont contribuéà ce manque de terre qu'on aurait pu diriger vers la production commerciale, mais qu'elles n'ont cependant pas été la seule cause de l'émergence de la rente foncière. De plus, l'étude appuie la théorie marxiste en démontrant que l'émergence de la rente foncière était due à la position structurelle des propriétaires de la terre qui leur a permis d'empêcher cette terre viable de produire. It argues that technical constraints produced a scarcity of land that could be brought into commercial production. Yet, it demonstrates that scarcity was not a sufficient condition for the emergence of ground-rent. Furthermore, it supports Marx's theory by demonstrating that the emergence of ground-rent rested upon the structural position of the landholders, which permitted them to withhold viable land from production. Classical formulations of the theory of ground-rent focus on the concepts of scarcity and monopoly as essential pre-conditions for the emergence of ground-rent. With millions of acres of free homestead land available on the Canadian Prairies, how could there have been either scarcity or monopoly? Yet, ground-rent clearly emerged on this agricultural frontier. By specifically applying the Ricardian and Marxist theories of ground-rent to the Canadian frontier, this study proposes an explanation.     

Parental Participation in Child Protection Work: Rethinking the Rhetoric

Correspondence to Brian Corby, University of Liverpool, Department of Sociology, Social Policy and Social Work Studies, Eleanor Rathbone Building, Myrtle Street, PO Box 147, Liverpool L69 3BX Summary Parental participation and, to a lesser extent, that of childrenat child protection conferences is seen as an important elementin resolving some of the conflicts that beset child protectionwork. Using data from a study of participation in one metropolitanborough, those outcomes that are generally regarded as positivein this respect are critically examined. Our findings suggestthat the optimism of advocates of participation is not whollyjustified. While at a basic level, parents are better informedthan before, their involvement in all aspects of the decision-makingprocess remains very limited. We conclude by arguing that thereis a need for more realism about the extent to which all parentscan be actively involved in making decisions about the futureprotection of their children. We point to the need for greaterrecognition of conflicts of interests between parents, professionalsand children and to the need for changes in the child protectionconference system in order to ensure more ethical and effectiveparticipation.