THE ECONOMICS OF CARPOOLS

The paper shows how separate parts of a work trip enter the decision to carpool, and examines how the size of a carpool is related to the gasoline price, the wage rate, speed limits, and other factors. The paper also suggests that policies designed to promote carpooling may produce perverse effects on gasoline consumption.     

A hybrid approach to sequencing jobs using heuristic rules and neural networks

A hybrid approach to solve job sequencing problems using heuristic rules and artificial neural networks is proposed. The problem is to find a job sequence for a single machine that minimizes the total weighted tardiness of the jobs. Two different cases are considered: (1) when there are no setups, and (2) when there are sequence-dependent setup times. So far, successful heuristic rules for these cases are: apparent tardiness cost (ATC) rule proposed by Vepsalainen and Morton for the former case, and an extended version of the ATC rule (ATCS) proposed by Lee, Bhaskaran, and Pinedo for the latter. Both approaches utilize some look-ahead parameters for calculating the priority index of each job. As reported by Bhaskaran and Pinedo, the proper value of the look-ahead parameter depends upon certain problem characteristics, such as due-date tightness and due-date range. Thus, an obvious extension of the ATC or the ATCS rule is to adjust the parameter values depending upon the problem characteristics: this is known to be a difficult task. In this paper, we propose an application of a neural network as a tool to ‘predict’ proper values of the look-ahead parameters. Our computational tests show that the proposed hybrid approach outperforms both the ATC rule with a fixed parameter value and the ATCS using the heuristic curve-fitting method.     

金圣叹与李渔戏剧结构论比较

金圣叹和李渔的戏剧美学思想存在着诸多差异,反映在戏剧结构理论的探索上,他们的这种差异集中地体现在对于戏剧结构中不同艺术要素的侧重:金圣叹重视人物性格的塑造和感情的展现,并主张以塑造人物为核心来组织戏剧的结构;而李渔则更加推重故事情节的新奇,他将情节视为组织戏剧结构的中心要素。     

台湾信用合作社从业人员组织公民行为之探索性研究

组织公民行为（Organizational Citizenship Behavior,简称OCB）系指组织成员自发性表现出超越组织正式角色要求的行为,这些行为并非工作规范所明订,组织成员可自行选择表现与否,但这些行为整体而言有助于组织绩效。面对当前金融环境的快速变化,信用合作社从业人员除了应遵守明文规范的管理措施之外,更应表现超越工作规范,且有益于组织的行为,亦即组织公民行为,才能有助提升服务质量,增进组织绩效。本研究运用文献探索法,阐述组织公民行为之意涵,探讨信用合作社从业人员应表现的组织公民行为,并对于如何塑造组织公民行为的环境提出具体的建议。     

被动句对动词的选择

现代汉语中“被”、“叫”、“让”、“给”是表示被动语法意义的介词。把现代汉语中这四个介词各个所适用的格式分成七类而考察七类格式对动词的选择。可以发现并不是所有的动词都能出现在七类格式中动词的位置上,即有些动词能进入由四个介词形成的被动格式,有些不能。但能够出现在由四个介词形成的被动格式的动词在具体被动格式之下还不能出现。总的来说,能否出现在七种被动格式的动词受动词表达的意义、音节、语体色彩与格式的制约。     

以\

欧洲统合是人类历史上前所未有的经验,对会员国而言,来自个别国家、自下而上的整合动力汇聚成一股“欧洲化”的新力量又反过来影响其自身;国家仍保留形式上的国界,但政经高度整合已经是不可逆的趋势。对世界其他国家而言,欧洲典范与欧洲化将引领全球化之下更进一步的区域整合,传统的“国家”概念逐渐发生变化,究竟个别国家与欧盟应如何分工？如何相辅相成以适应全球化下自身的角色？研究目的在于归纳国内学者经常使用的理论框架,主要以新功能主义、政府间主义、历史制度主义及多层次治理为例,作为未来进一步研究的基石。     

'A sacred trust': the trust industry and Canadian economic structure

Il fut un temps où, au sein de 1'industrie financière canadienne, les institutions fiduciaries faisaient figure de parent pauvre. Mais cette époque est bien révolue, alors que celles-ci non seulement menacent ľhégémonie domestique des grandes banques, mais aussi se sont intégrées à plusieurs des principaux conglomérate canadiens. De ce fait, la division traditionelle au Canada entre institutions financières et non-financières est en voie de s'effacer. La présente analyse examine ďabord les récentes transformations qu'a connue 1'industrie fiduciaire canadienne, puis intègre ces dernières au sein de transformations structurelles similaires de ľéconomie canadienne. En conclusion, j'évalue les implications sociales de ces processus.
Within the realm of financial institutions, the Canadian trust industry has recently developed into a set of institutions that now challenges the domestic hegemony of the banks. At the same time, this industry has become integrated into several of the dominant Canadian conglomerates, thus blurring the traditional division between financial and non-financial institutions. This paper begins by analysing the recent transformation in the structure of the Canadian trust industry. It then integrates this into an analysis of similar structural transformations within the Canadian economy at large. It concludes by suggesting the social significance of these processes.