On the (sequential) majority choice of public good size and location

This article studies majority voting over the size and location of a public good when voters differ both in income and in their preferences for the public good location. Public good provision is financed either by a lump sum tax or by a proportional income tax. We analyze both the simultaneous and the sequential determinations of the public good’s size and location. We show that, while the choice of the type of public good follows the traditional median logic, the majoritarian determination of the taxation rate need not coincide with the preferences of a median income citizen. With lump sum financing, income heterogeneity plays no role and the sequential equilibrium consists of the median location together with the public good level most-preferred by the individual located at the median distance from the median. This policy bundle also constitutes an equilibrium with simultaneous voting in the special case of a uniform bivariate distribution of individuals’ income and location. With proportional taxation, there is no policy equilibrium with simultaneous voting. We offer a complete characterization of the equations describing the sequential equilibrium in the general case and we show why and how our results depart from those most-preferred by the median income individual located at the median distance from the median. We also compare these majority voting allocations with the socially optimal one.     

A Panel Study of Immigrants’ Overeducation and Earnings in Australia

The recent literature on overeducation has provided divergent results on whether or not overeducation bears an earnings penalty. In addition, few studies have considered overeducation among immigrants. This article uses panel data analyses to investigate the match between education and occupation and resulting earnings effects for immigrants from English‐Speaking and Non‐English Speaking Backgrounds, relative to the native‐born population in Australia. Based on nine years of longitudinal data, the panel approach addresses individual heterogeneity effects (motivation, ability, and compensating differentials) that are crucial in overeducation analysis. First, we find that immigrants have significantly higher incidence rates of overeducation than the native‐born. This probability increases, rather than diminishes, once we control for unobserved correlated effects. Second, based on panel fixed effects analyses there is no penalty for overeducation for ESB immigrants. However, NESB immigrants receive a lower return to required and overeducation compared to the other groups after controlling for individual heterogeneity.     

Ergonomic tridimensional analysis: critical ergonomic factors identification in a commercial environmental

The Ergonomic tridimensional analysis (ETdA) was developed to be used as an auxiliary tool on the ergonomic intervention. It was specially designed for commercial areas with free circulation of people. Due to that, the client, the third ETdA dimension, becomes an important element and their opinions relevant in the ergonomic analysis. The remains two ETdA dimensions, professionals and analyst, play an identical role as in the traditional occupational ergonomic analysis. For each of these dimensions, specific observation tools were assembled: an ETdA questionnaire, an evaluation form and a checklist for direct and indirect observations. The variables that allow the ETdA operability are identified as Ergonomic Factors (EFs). A case study is presented identifying, for each dimension, the critical EFs. This will allow the design of the weighting table, where the influence of each dimensions results is measured, stressing the important role of clients on ergonomic issues.     

民族主义与爱国主义关系研究述评

民族主义已成为学术界的一大研究热点,关于民族主义的研究都或多或少的提及爱国主义.有学者认为民族主义就是爱国主义;有人认为民族主义和爱国主义是截然不同的两个概念;有人认为民族主义和爱国主义是时而重合时而不同;更多的学者对待这两个词汇不作辨析,含混使用.面对此种状况,本文试图对民族主义和爱国主义关系的研究做一简单评析.     

Statistical inference for oscillation processes

ABSTRACT

A new model for time series with a specific oscillation pattern is proposed. The model consists of a hidden phase process controlling the speed of polling and a nonparametric curve characterizing the pattern, leading together to a generalized state space model. Identifiability of the model is proved and a method for statistical inference based on a particle smoother and a nonparametric EM algorithm is developed. In particular, the oscillation pattern and the unobserved phase process are estimated. The proposed algorithms are computationally efficient and their performance is assessed through simulations and an application to human electrocardiogram recordings.     

高韧性水泥基复合材料研究进展

提高混凝土的韧性,可打破现代混凝土发展的瓶颈,因此高韧性水泥基复合材料成为当前的研究热点并取得了一定的成果。本文综述了国内外在该领域已有的研究成果, 从聚合物改性、橡胶粉颗粒改性、纤维增韧、PVA纤维增韧4个方面介绍了高韧性水泥基复合材料的改性机理、研究进展与存在的问题,并指出了今后的研究方向, 为深入研究高韧性水泥基复合材料提供参考。     

ESP研究中的语类分析路径

ESP是以特定学习者的特定交际需求为指向的一种教学路径。从语言分析角度看,ESP重在探究不同专业话语社团语言运用的特定性。语类理论重在辨析不同语类语篇的交际目的以及与此相关的结构和语言体现特点,这与ESP的特定性直接相关。近年来,ESP领域中语类分析有三个研究焦点:语类的整体结构与语言特点;语类资源、功能多样性及文化语境;语类集、篇际互文性与批评语类分析。语类分析并非仅仅局限于对语篇的语步结构分析,当前ESP的语类分析已是一种跨学科、多维度、多视角、带有批评性的研究;语类的观念和语类分析为ESP理论建构和教学实践提供了强有力的实证理据。     

嫖宿幼女罪之废除

嫖宿幼女罪脱胎于强奸罪而单独设罪,这导致在司法实践中出现了超出立法意图的操作困境,使得在对嫖宿幼女罪的定性、量刑、打击预防力度等方面都出现了司法层面难以解决的问题。通过对该罪的立法沿革、犯罪构成、刑事责任追究等方面分析其与强奸罪的关系,从而论证嫖宿幼女罪的立法缺陷。可取的做法是废除嫖宿幼女罪,而嫖宿幼女的行为应以强奸罪论处。从而在刑法上给予幼女身心健康以最大的保护。     

高校图书情报工作人员素质刍议

文章从文化素质、业务素质等方面阐述了高校图书馆员的素质。论述了实现提高图书馆员综合素质的途径。指出了图书馆员的素质高低对于提升高校图书馆的管理和服务水平的重要性。     

贡献与缺憾：梁启超史学思想再审视——中国近现代史97、98级博士生与导师笔谈录

梁启超对中国传统史学的批判是中肯而全面的,他并未彻底否定传统史学,而是努力从传统史学体系中汲取合理内核;在对传统史学的激烈批判和对西方史学的热情介绍基础上,梁启超提出“史界革命”主张,倡导“新史学”,对中国近代史学的发展作出了重要贡献,而其中的局限则从一个侧面印证了近代史学的缺憾;梁启超将进化论引入史学并重新认识历史发展的规律,深刻体现了近代史学理论的发展,而这一切又与近代中国思想演进的大势浑然一体;梁启超史学思想具有多元性,其中既有唯物因素,也夹有唯心因素,导致这种现象产生的原因是多方面的。