满铁“附属地”“除队兵”移民述论

20世纪初 ,日、俄为争夺中国东北展开了一场激烈的战争。最终 ,俄国以中国的利益为代价 ,暂时满足了日本的扩张野心 ,将俄国在中国东北南部的一切权益 ,未经中国政府同意 ,私下转让给日本。战后 ,日本在中国东北成立了“南满洲铁道株式会社”(简称满铁 )。满铁在对中国进行政治、经济侵略的同时 ,并在其“附属地”内推行“除队兵”移民侵略计划 ,以期达到壮大日本在中国东北的实力 ,抵御俄国的战略目的。但事与愿违 ,由于满铁决策者们的盲目求成 ,移民者的经营不善和厌恶农耕 ,使得满铁“附属地”的“除队兵”移民仅仅推行了 4年时间就以失败而告终     

Is the Way Young People Drive a Reflection of the Way Their Parents Drive? An Econometric Study of the Relation Between Parental Risk and Their Children's Risk

This article aims to investigate parental influence on high-risk behavior by young people. Although research on the topic of perception of risk demonstrates that it is socially constructed, the role of the family in this construction has rarely been studied. Using a French national survey of more than 1,200 young drivers between the ages of 18 and 25, and their parents, we attempt to understand the transmission of risk within families. Our econometric study shows that parents influence both the practices and representations of their children. When parental norms and values are transmitted, they are by no means accepted in a wholly passive way. Indeed, the parental model is in competition with other models that originate from both inside the family (brothers and sisters) and outside it (instructors). Furthermore, parental influence decreases over time as young people become more experienced drivers and construct their own identity with regard to risk.     

汉英广告翻译的策略与方法

商业广告以促销作为存在的唯一目的。译者在汉语商业广告英译时应当以“功能相似 ,效果相当”为标准 ,根据“强化功能、突出效果、大胆创新”的策略原则 ,使用“删、留、补、掉”四种方法 ,灵活机动地对原文进行大刀阔斧的调整 ,使其符合西方消费者的口味和购买心理 ,以实现最佳的促销效果     

后现代表象下的现代追求——马丁·艾米斯的《时间之箭》研究

马丁·艾米斯是一位活跃于后现代的英国作家,深受后现代思潮的影响。但在《时代之箭》中,他却以一位传统作家的姿态,对其叙事手法做了极其大胆的尝试:他拒斥道德相对主义,坚持语言与外部世界的联系,坚持历史书写的指涉性。因此,《时间之箭》在本质上仍然是对启蒙运动以来核心价值观念的坚持与追求。     

Arrovian theorems for economic domains: Assignments,matchings and pairings

In this paper, we show that Arrow's and Wilson's theorems hold for permutation, symmetric permutation and symmetric domains. Permutation domains concern assignments: n indivisible private goods are distributed betweenn selfish individuals. Symmetric permutation domains concern matchings: two sets ofn selfish individuals being given, pairs with an individual from each set are to be made. Symmetric domains concern pairings: a set of 2n selfish individuals being given,n pairs of individuals are to be made.We thank two anonymous referees for helpful suggestions.     

Gamson’s law and hedonic games

This note adds one celebrated coalition formation game due to Gamson (Am Soc Rev 26:373–382 1961a, Am Soc Rev 26:565–573, 1961b) in the list of applications of the theory of hedonic games explored by Banerjee et al. (Soc Choice Welf 18:135–153, 2001) and Bogomolnaia and Jackson (Games Econ Behav 38: 204–230, 2002). We apply their results to study the original Gamson game and offer extensions both to a multi-dimensional characteristics space and to an infinite number of players.     

从中英文的差别看英汉互译中的不等值现象

以英语和汉语这两种存在于完全独立的思维体系中的语言为例,从其语言结构,语义特征,地域文化氛围,探究英汉互译中的不等值现象,进而从现象到本质地认识翻译这门科学,为科学翻译奠定基础.     

Bayesian Multivariate Spatial Interpolation with Data Missing by Design

In a network of s _g sites, responses like levels of airborne pollutant concentrations may be monitored over time. The sites need not all measure the same set of response items and unmeasured items are considered as data missing by design . We propose a hierarchical Bayesian approach to interpolate the levels of, say, k responses at s _u other locations called ungauged sites and also the unmeasured levels of the k responses at the gauged sites. Our method involves two steps. First, when all hyperparameters are assumed to be known, a predictive distribution is derived. In turn, an interpolator, its variance and a simultaneous interpolation region are obtained. In step two, we propose the use of an empirical Bayesian approach to estimate the hyperparameters through an EM algorithm. We base our theory on a linear Gaussian model and the relationship between a multivariate normal and matrix T -distribution. Our theory allows us to pool data from several existing networks that measure different subsets of response items for interpolation.