Testing homogeneity in semiparametric mixture case–control models

Parametric and semiparametric mixture models have been widely used in applications from many areas, and it is often of interest to test the homogeneity in these models. However, hypothesis testing is non standard due to the fact that several regularity conditions do not hold under the null hypothesis. We consider a semiparametric mixture case–control model, in the sense that the density ratio of two distributions is assumed to be of an exponential form, while the baseline density is unspecified. This model was first considered by Qin and Liang (2011 Qin, J., Liang, K.Y. (2011). Hypothesis testing in a mixture case–control model. Biometrics 67(1):182–198.[Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar], biometrics), and they proposed a modified score statistic for testing homogeneity. In this article, we consider alternative testing procedures based on supremum statistics, which could improve power against certain types of alternatives. We demonstrate the connection and comparison among the proposed and existing approaches. In addition, we provide a unified theoretical justification of the supremum test and other existing test statistics from an empirical likelihood perspective. The finite-sample performance of the supremum test statistics was evaluated in simulation studies.     

A new confidence interval in measurement error model with the reliability ratio known

For the slope parameter of the measurement error model with the reliability ratio known, this article constructs a fiducial generalized confidence interval (FGCI) which is proved to have correct asymptotic coverage. Simulation results demonstrate that the FGCI often outperforms the existing intervals in terms of empirical coverage probability, average interval length, and false parameter coverage rate. Two examples are also provided to illustrate our approach.     

Parallel and interacting stochastic approximation annealing algorithms for global optimisation

We present the parallel and interacting stochastic approximation annealing (PISAA) algorithm, a stochastic simulation procedure for global optimisation, that extends and improves the stochastic approximation annealing (SAA) by using population Monte Carlo ideas. The efficiency of standard SAA algorithm crucially depends on its self-adjusting mechanism which presents stability issues in high dimensional or rugged optimisation problems. The proposed algorithm involves simulating a population of SAA chains that interact each other in a manner that significantly improves the stability of the self-adjusting mechanism and the search for the global optimum in the sampling space, as well as it inherits SAA desired convergence properties when a square-root cooling schedule is used. It can be implemented in parallel computing environments in order to mitigate the computational overhead. As a result, PISAA can address complex optimisation problems that it would be difficult for SAA to satisfactory address. We demonstrate the good performance of the proposed algorithm on challenging applications including Bayesian network learning and protein folding. Our numerical comparisons suggest that PISAA outperforms the simulated annealing, stochastic approximation annealing, and annealing evolutionary stochastic approximation Monte Carlo.     

t-Type corrected-loss estimation for error-in-variable model

In this article, we consider a linear model in which the covariates are measured with errors. We propose a t-type corrected-loss estimation of the covariate effect, when the measurement error follows the Laplace distribution. The proposed estimator is asymptotically normal. In practical studies, some outliers that diminish the robustness of the estimation occur. Simulation studies show that the estimators are resistant to vertical outliers and an application of 6-minute walk test is presented to show that the proposed method performs well.     

供给侧结构性改革与上海发展——“供给侧改革与持续性增长”研讨会综述

推进供给侧结构性改革,目前首先要加强需求侧管理,要实施积极的财政政策和适度宽松的货币政策等扩张性政策,在稳定和扩大需求的前提下,实现中长期供给侧结构性改革.对上海等一些经济较为发达的区域而言,推进供给侧结构性改革,要把握好“三去一降一补”的顺序,应该从补短板开始,再降成本,然后去产能、去库存、去杠杆.     

Development of an expert system for abnormal operating procedures in a main control room

The study was conducted from the perspective of human factors engineering in order to compare the process that operators originally used to diagnose potential and actual faults with a process that included an expert system for diagnosing faults. The results of the study indicated that the existence of an expert system for fault diagnosis makes the task of fault diagnosis easier and reduces errors by quickly suggesting likely Abnormal Operating Procedures (AOPs).     

青少年学业压力、父母支持与精神健康

追求学业上的成就,并由此实现社会流动、赢得尊敬和家庭的荣耀是中国文化的传统。但对教育成就的重视也导致儿童承受很大的压力,引发心理和身体的疾病。对上海685名学生学业压力与精神健康的调查证实,学业压力是加剧学生焦虑的风险因素,而父母的情感支持是促进儿童精神健康的保护性因素。因此促进父母对儿童的学习参与是重要的,但要注意时机,动态了解儿童的学习压力状况并提供及时的情感支持,这样有助于儿童的精神健康。     

羊的意象与刘成章散文创作

"羊"是刘成章自我形象的意象符号,也是其眷恋陕北的象征.在这个中心纽结下,作家一方面以陕北风情为散文创作展开的原点,另一方面通过诗意化的方式表达对土地的眷恋之情.     

多媒体技术在医学生物学教学中的应用

现阶段,多媒体技术已经被广泛应用到医学生物学教学中.医学生物学教学的内容非常多,生物学包含的具体科目类别也比较繁杂,不同科目具有不同的授课特点,学生的学习重点也不同.鉴于此,该文首先分析了多媒体技术在生物学理论教学中的优势;其次,分析了多媒体技术在生物学实验教学中的优势;最后,分析了多媒体技术在医学生物学教学中的应用要...     

辅导员如何加强医学院校药学类学生的实习管理

实习是医学院校教学过程中实践教学环节的重要组成部分,实习阶段不仅是学生成才的关键时期,也是学生管理难度相对较大的时期。本文结合药学专业学生实习期间管理的一些经验,对实习期间学生管理上存在的突出问题进行了分析,在把握这些问题原因的基础上,企求探索行之有效的管理方法和措施,以利于引导药学班学生将全部精力投入到技能实践中,帮助他们成长为医疗卫生行业中的合格人才。