Estimation of Deprivation Level Functions using a Numerical Rating Scale

Evaluating and quantifying human suffering in humanitarian operations offers an innovative and potentially powerful way to assess the performance of humanitarian logistics (HL) and help build optimization models. Previous studies have suggested deprivation cost as a metric and have estimated deprivation cost functions for water using willingness‐to‐pay. Our study proposes deprivation levels, defined as the degree of human suffering caused by lack of access to a good or service, and estimates deprivation level functions using a numerical rating scale. Analyzing data collected from respondents with and without disaster experience, we find that individuals in the latter category estimate deprivation differently from the beneficiaries of disaster relief. Our study demonstrates that deprivation levels can be expressed as logistic growth functions with a typical S‐shape, and that these can be integrated into HL optimization models to better account for human suffering.     

A lower bound for the adaptive two-echelon capacitated vehicle routing problem

Adaptive two-echelon capacitated vehicle routing problem (A2E-CVRP) proposed in this paper is a variant of the classical 2E-CVRP. Comparing to 2E-CVRP, A2E-CVRP has multiple depots and allows the vehicles to serve customers directly from the depots. Hence, it has more efficient solution and adapt to real-world environment. This paper gives a mathematical formulation for A2E-CVRP and derives a lower bound for it. The lower bound is used for deriving an upper bound subsequently, which is also an approximate solution of A2E-CVRP. Computational results on benchmark instances show that the A2E-CVRP outperforms the classical 2E-CVRP in the costs of routes.     

供给侧结构性改革与上海发展——“供给侧改革与持续性增长”研讨会综述

推进供给侧结构性改革,目前首先要加强需求侧管理,要实施积极的财政政策和适度宽松的货币政策等扩张性政策,在稳定和扩大需求的前提下,实现中长期供给侧结构性改革.对上海等一些经济较为发达的区域而言,推进供给侧结构性改革,要把握好“三去一降一补”的顺序,应该从补短板开始,再降成本,然后去产能、去库存、去杠杆.     

法治国家对公民教育的诉求

法治国家既是公民教育得以产生的社会基础,也是公民教育的价值追求。培养独立人格,塑造国民的道德观,型构国民的世界观,培育国民的民族观,传授科学知识,普及法律常识,训练国民参与社会公共事务的技能,是法治国家对公民教育的七大诉求。作为公民教育的重要场域,学校教育应该适应公民教育的需求。     

Development of an expert system for abnormal operating procedures in a main control room

The study was conducted from the perspective of human factors engineering in order to compare the process that operators originally used to diagnose potential and actual faults with a process that included an expert system for diagnosing faults. The results of the study indicated that the existence of an expert system for fault diagnosis makes the task of fault diagnosis easier and reduces errors by quickly suggesting likely Abnormal Operating Procedures (AOPs).     

青少年学业压力、父母支持与精神健康

追求学业上的成就,并由此实现社会流动、赢得尊敬和家庭的荣耀是中国文化的传统。但对教育成就的重视也导致儿童承受很大的压力,引发心理和身体的疾病。对上海685名学生学业压力与精神健康的调查证实,学业压力是加剧学生焦虑的风险因素,而父母的情感支持是促进儿童精神健康的保护性因素。因此促进父母对儿童的学习参与是重要的,但要注意时机,动态了解儿童的学习压力状况并提供及时的情感支持,这样有助于儿童的精神健康。     

布朗族民族文化资源信息化初探

近年来,云南人口较少民族经济发展与文化保护的矛盾日益凸显,民族地区的文化生境不断遭受破坏;加上人口较少民族的价值观念逐渐发生变化,非物质文化遗产传承人出现断层等问题,人口较少民族文化保护形势严峻。云南布朗族在应用信息化手段保护民族文化方面有很好的实践。布朗文化遗产可数字化资源划分为实体和物质文化遗产与口头和非物质文化遗产两大类。按照三级指标评价模型,结合可数字化文化资源的特点,首先聘请专家依据＂可数字化资源评价赋分标准＂对布朗族民族文化资源进行打分,并采用微积分运算公式计算出三级指标的综合评价值,根据最终评价得分来评判布朗族民族文化资源是否具有可数字化的价值。然后,对文化资源进行数字化采集,综合采用静态数字化技术、动态数字化技术和三维数字技术,按照文本数字化、图像数字化、三维图像建立、虚拟物品制作四个数字化级别来进行信息化处理。     

周代籍礼“风土”考

《国语》所载周代"籍礼",是一种具有巫术特征的礼仪活动。其意义是疏导土壤中的阳气,使之顺利地播散。籍礼中,以瞽为首的乐官们所从事的"风土"活动,并不是韦昭注所以为的观察土壤中的气脉,而是通过乐舞鼓动风气,帮助土壤中的气脉顺利播散。它是这一土壤巫术中的重要组成部分。     

论邻地通行与另辟通道——以梁某诉神农公司案为例

本文以梁某诉神农公司案为例,分析了我国物权法邻地通行权设计中存在的问题。我国物权法只对周围地的邻地通行权做了规定,没有对非周围地的通行权做出规定。本文指出,我国无偿通行的规定不符合国际惯例,也不利于提高土地资源利用效率,通行权人需要对周围地所有权人的损失等进行补偿,但无需对特殊邻地通行权进行补偿。同时认为,对历史形成的通道进行的"划道"行为不是另辟通道。从土地用途变迁的历史维度出发,强调应当灵活理解"通道应当为土地通常使用所必要"。     

基于社区视角下的农村环境管理探讨

市场机制对农村环境管理具有灵活性、低成本性,但是由于环境问题的外部性,市场失灵容易发生.运用政府管制手段可以加强环境管理的公平性,但是由于环境治理的政府主导型特征,政府失灵容易发生.社区作为介于政府与市场之间的第三部门,可以运用其独特的社会资本参与环境管理,以其自身所具有的灵活性、低成本性、信息优势和高效性,克服市场失灵和政府失灵现象.