研发模式对企业创新的影响——知识基础的调节作用

 在创新日益呈现出复杂性、系统性和不确定性的背景下，企业对合作研发和内部研发两种研发模式的合理选择及组合运用是提升创新效果的重要途径，但目前的相关研究仍存在一定局限性。一方面，合作研发和内部研发两种研发模式对不同类型创新(如突破式创新和渐进式创新)的影响机理和影响效果是否存在差异还未被厘清；另一方面，企业层面特征(如知识基础)对企业研发模式与企业创新关系的调节作用在已有研究中较少涉及。        针对上述研究现状和现实背景，整合知识基础观和创新管理相关理论，采用层级回归分析方法，收集310家制造企业数据，进行实证分析，研究企业合作研发和内部研发对其突破式创新和渐进式创新绩效的作用机理，以及知识深度和知识宽度对企业研发模式与企业创新关系的调节作用。        研究结果表明，相对于内部研发，合作研发对突破式创新绩效的影响更突出；相对于合作研发，内部研发对渐进式创新绩效的作用更为明显。知识深度在合作研发对突破式和渐进式创新绩效的影响中起正向调节作用，并正向调节内部研发与渐进式创新绩效的关系，但负向调节内部研发与突破式创新绩效的关系；知识宽度在内部研发对突破式和渐进式创新绩效的影响中起正向调节作用，并正向调节合作研发与突破式创新绩效的关系，负向调节合作研发与渐进创新绩效的关系。        在理论层面，考虑了不同研发模式对不同创新类型的影响，丰富了研发模式与企业创新领域的研究成果；引入知识基础作为调节变量，也为研发模式与企业创新之间权变因素的研究做出增量贡献；跳出了相关研究中关于合作研发与内部研发究竟是替代性还是互补性关系的争论，为后续研究提供了新思路。在管理实践层面，企业应根据自身的知识基础以及期望提升的创新类型来选择合适的研发策略。     

全球一体化催生的一株诗坛奇葩——中韩生态环境诗兴起脉络初探

西方发达国家于20世纪60年代产生的生态文学,在东西方冷战结束后,影响到了中韩两国的诗歌创作,20世纪80年代后,中韩两国诗坛上先后兴起生态环境诗。虽然中韩在社会基础、诗歌自身发展等因素上存在着各自差异,但在全球一体化的语境下,生态环境诗则形象地表达了两国诗人对工业文明的共同思考。     

Effects of attributed responsibility and response strategies on organizational reputation: A meta-analysis of situational crisis communication theory research

Scholars utilizing situational crisis communication theory (SCCT) mainly examine how attributed responsibility affects organizational reputation and how response strategies matched with the amount of attributed responsibility protect reputation. The findings on these 2 important questions have been mixed. A meta-analysis of 35 investigations from 24 studies published between January 1990 and March 2015 was conducted to explain the mixed findings and reveal average correlations. Attributed responsibility was strongly associated with reputation at –.54, and response strategies were only weakly associated with reputation at .23. Equally important, crisis vignette choice moderated the responsibility-reputation association. Crisis clusters, reputation measurements, sample choice, and crisis vignette choice moderated the match-reputation association. Theoretical, methodological, and practical implications were discussed.     

薪酬参照体的效应研究:基于多表征的路径模型与相对重要性

参照体选择在分配公平、薪酬满意研究中扮演重要角色,而以往研究多是关注焦点对象与参照体在薪酬上的数量差异。本文认为,参照体"数量差异"并不能完整表征参照体的效应,为此提出了"信息知晓度"、"判断关联性"、"比较频率"、"数量差异"等四类表征,在理论基础上构造路径模型与研究假设。实证研究表明,信息知晓度、判断关联性正向影响特定参照体的比较频率;数量差异正向影响分配公平、薪酬水平满意,比较频率负向影响分配公平、薪酬水平满意。通过三种研究路径的比较研究证实,自我生活成本等七类参照体相对重要。未来亟需就参照体选择的相关机制在纵贯上、在不同的组织情境下及考虑个体差异等方面予以深入考察。     

Uniform Test for Predictive Regression With AR Errors

Testing predictability is of importance in economics and finance. Based on a predictive regression model with independent and identically distributed errors, some uniform tests have been proposed in the literature without distinguishing whether the predicting variable is stationary or nearly integrated. In this article, we extend the empirical likelihood methods of Zhu, Cai, and Peng with independent errors to the case of an AR error process. Again, the proposed new tests do not need to know whether the predicting variable is stationary or nearly integrated, and whether it has a finite variance or an infinite variance. A simulation study shows the new methodologies perform well in finite sample.     

空气雾化钻井试验架研制剖析

解决空气雾化钻井井眼净化问题,试验架是关键装置、基础设备和必要手段。对空气雾化钻井试验架的研制过程进行了深入剖析,介绍了在试验架研制中应遵循的一些基本原则,试验架基本结构,试验架主要参数,试验结果可靠性分析,试验研究进行情况,以及研制过程中的经验教训等内容,体现了空气雾化钻井试验架研制工作的特点与特色。     

木偶戏剧在幼儿园活动中运用存在的问题与对策——以山西孝义木偶戏剧为例

木偶戏剧既是我国优秀的非物质文化遗产，同时也是丰富幼儿认知、开阔幼儿眼界的重要教育资源。当前运用木偶戏剧资源开展相关活动的幼儿园数量相对较少，在有限的应用当中也存在教师自身对利用木偶戏剧资源认识不足，木偶戏剧资源利用表面化及形式化等一系列问题。本文根据孝义木偶戏剧独有的艺术特点，从木偶戏剧的欣赏活动、表演活动与制作活动三方面，对如何将孝义木偶戏剧应用到幼儿园活动进行了探讨，为幼儿园运用孝义木偶戏剧这一文化资源组织相关活动提出具体建议。     

Changes in anti-fat weight bias in women after exposure to thin and plus-sized models

We examined whether exposing women to female models with different body sizes lead to changes in weight-based attitudes and whether evaluation focus altered the effects. Female college students (N = 214) were exposed to 22 images of either thin or overweight models. Participants rated models on either appearance or non-appearance characteristics and completed measures of anti-fat attitudes, thin ideal internalization, and demographics. Participants rated thin and overweight models equally attractive and sexy. Viewing overweight models showed a significant reduction in anti-fat attitudes. There were no effects for thin models or evaluation ratings. Discussion focuses on the implications of positive images of overweight individuals on social attitudes.     

大学英语教学中中国文化缺失问题研究

当前,大学英语教学中的中国文化缺失问题日益严重,大多数英语学习者不能使用英语恰当地表述中国特色文化.研究在大学英语教学中融入中国文化的必要性,寻求大学英语教学与中国文化相结合的路径,有助于实现大学英语教学的最终目标,提高学生的英语综合应用能力和跨文化交际能力,进而提高国家的文化实力和世界影响力.     

A new confidence interval in errors-in-variables model with known error variance

This paper considers constructing a new confidence interval for the slope parameter in the structural errors-in-variables model with known error variance associated with the regressors. Existing confidence intervals are so severely affected by Gleser–Hwang effect that they are subject to have poor empirical coverage probabilities and unsatisfactory lengths. Moreover, these problems get worse with decreasing reliability ratio which also result in more frequent absence of some existing intervals. To ease these issues, this paper presents a fiducial generalized confidence interval which maintains the correct asymptotic coverage. Simulation results show that this fiducial interval is slightly conservative while often having average length comparable or shorter than the other methods. Finally, we illustrate these confidence intervals with two real data examples, and in the second example some existing intervals do not exist.