This article is concerned with the determinants of English language proficiency among immigrants in a longitudinal survey for Australia. It focuses on both visa category and variables derived from an economic model of the determinants of destination‐language proficiency among immigrants. Skills‐tested and economic immigrants have the greatest proficiency shortly after immigration, followed by family‐based visa recipients, with refugees having the lowest proficiency. Other variables the same, these differences disappear by 3.5 years after immigration for speaking skills; and although they diminish, they persist longer for reading and writing skills. The variables generated from the model of destination‐language proficiency (such as schooling and age at migration) are, in part, predictions of visa category, but they are more important statistically for explaining proficiency. 相似文献
Hypertension and its related complications could be a major threat issue for cardiopathy and stroke. Effective prevention and control can decrease the incidence rate of complications in hypertension. Based on the medical data of 3062 patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases from 2017 to 2018 in a grade-A tertiary hospital in Shanghai, the study identified the risk factors of hypertension complications by text mining. On this basis, the K2 algorithm based on the improved particle swarm optimization was proposed to optimize the structure of the Bayesian network (BN) by establishing a multi-population cooperative search mechanism. Then the optimized BN was used to analyze and predict the incidence rate of hypertension complications. Results indicate that the major indicators of accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and AUC have been improved, and the proposed algorithm is superior to the common data mining algorithms such as the back propagation neural network and the decision tree. Through the proposed model and algorithm, the high-risk factors were identified and the occurrence probability of hypertension complications was predicted, which could provide the personalized health management guidance for hypertensive patients to prevent and control hypertension complications.
