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Following a research carried out on the integration of women in professional areas predominantly for men, this paper intends to present and debate the project of a training course which aims the transformation of the organization of work schedules in order to improve the well-being of the workers involved. The conception of training courses with this type of objective involves the confrontation and debate between the "invested skills" of the trainers and the "constituted skills" of the trainees. But will this paradigm remain intact when applied to training courses permeated by the gender dimension? That is what one will try to realize with the effective implementation of a training course, whose reflection will allow, ultimately, to enrich our understanding on gender, work, health and training. 相似文献
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Youth in foster care face educational disparities in terms of college access, retention, and graduation. To address this, 22 states have implemented tuition waiver programs targeting current and former foster youth. A comparative analysis was conducted of all 22 programs implemented since 2014. Similarities include student eligibility based on youth’s age upon foster care entry, university admission and time in care requirements. Differences include type of expenses covered, time limits on use, program oversight, and funding availability. No differences were found based on political party control, gubernatorial power, and state population composition. Recommendations for policy and practice reform are offered. 相似文献
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Peters RJ Tortolero SR Addy RC Markham C Escobar-Chaves SL Fernandez-Esquer M Yacoubian GS 《Journal of drug education》2003,33(1):49-59
Self-report drug use data were collected from 282 female alternative school students surveyed through the Safer Choices 2 study in Houston, Texas. Data collection took place between October 2000 and March 2001 via audio-enabled laptop computers equipped with headphones. Logistic regression analyses indicated that sexual abuse history was significantly associated with lifetime use (OR = 1.9, p < or = 0.05). While the relationships tested in this study are exploratory, they provide evidence for an important connection between sexual abuse and substance use among female alternative school students. 相似文献
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Nonlinear mixed-effects models are very useful to analyze repeated measures data and are used in a variety of applications.
Normal distributions for random effects and residual errors are usually assumed, but such assumptions make inferences vulnerable
to the presence of outliers. In this work, we introduce an extension of a normal nonlinear mixed-effects model considering
a subclass of elliptical contoured distributions for both random effects and residual errors. This elliptical subclass, the
scale mixtures of normal (SMN) distributions, includes heavy-tailed multivariate distributions, such as Student-t, the contaminated normal and slash, among others, and represents an interesting alternative to outliers accommodation maintaining
the elegance and simplicity of the maximum likelihood theory. We propose an exact estimation procedure to obtain the maximum
likelihood estimates of the fixed-effects and variance components, using a stochastic approximation of the EM algorithm. We
compare the performance of the normal and the SMN models with two real data sets. 相似文献
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The EM algorithm and its extensions are very popular tools for maximum likelihood estimation in incomplete data setting. However,
one of the limitations of these methods is their slow convergence. The PX-EM (parameter-expanded EM) algorithm was proposed
by Liu, Rubin and Wu to make EM much faster. On the other hand, stochastic versions of EM are powerful alternatives of EM
when the E-step is untractable in a closed form. In this paper we propose the PX-SAEM which is a parameter expansion version
of the so-called SAEM (Stochastic Approximation version of EM). PX-SAEM is shown to accelerate SAEM and improve convergence
toward the maximum likelihood estimate in a parametric framework. Numerical examples illustrate the behavior of PX-SAEM in
linear and nonlinear mixed effects models. 相似文献
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Sexual abuse is known to have an impact on both child and adult mental health, but the neuropsychological basis of this effect is still largely unknown. This study compared neuropsychological test results from a group of 76 children, 13 of them sexual abuse victims with symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder, 26 victims of sexual abuse who showed no symptoms post-traumatic stress disorder, and 37 controls. The groups were matched by age, sex, socioeconomic status, and educational level. Child sexual abuse was associated with reduced ability to inhibit automatic responses measured by the Stroop test regardless of post-traumatic stress disorder status. These findings indicate possible attentional inhibition difficulties in child victims of sexual abuse, which may help explain psychopathology associated with the experience. 相似文献
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Liliana Lyra Jubilut Melissa Martins Casagrande 《International migration (Geneva, Switzerland)》2019,57(6):139-157
The Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration (GCM) and the Global Compact on Refugees (GCR) are norm‐creating exercises, in the sense of being international legal documents for a new framework that reinforces existing structures and attempt to renew migration governance globally. They were expected to further develop the protection of all migrants. However, despite some progress, there are shortcomings and/or missed opportunities in what they were able to achieve, especially in the case of the protection of forced migrants. Understanding these shortcomings and/or missed opportunities as being conceptual and institutional in nature, and to assess both these sets, this article presents the idea of forced migration and the lack of international protection of forced migrants (part 1), describes the protection of forced migrants achieved by the Compacts (part 2), and ends by assessing the shortcomings and/or missed opportunities in both Compacts (part 3). 相似文献
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Stephen G. Perz Liliana Cabrera Lucas Araújo Carvalho Jorge Castillo Grenville Barnes 《Rural sociology》2010,75(2):300-325
Recent years have witnessed an expansion in international investment in large‐scale infrastructure projects with the goal of achieving global economic integration. We focus on one such project, the Inter‐Oceanic Highway in the “MAP” region, a trinational frontier where Bolivia, Brazil, and Peru meet in the southwestern Amazon. We adopt a resilience approach as an integrative framework to understand various types of road‐paving impacts. We focus on migration activity as an indicator of retention of collective memory, a concept associated with resilience. We pursue a comparative analysis of the three sides of the MAP frontier as well as subregions within each side. Since road paving may be mediated by other factors, we distinguish among the effects of multiple explanatory factors. Data come from a multinational survey of rural communities. The findings show considerable net migration and turnover, both indicative of eroding collective memory and a lack of demographic resilience to externally induced change in the MAP frontier. The findings indicate variation across the frontier, which road paving helps explain, along with some of the mediating factors. These findings contribute to the literature on the impacts of new infrastructure and integration as well as the study of social‐ecological resilience. 相似文献