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81.
Liliana Garrido L 《统计学通讯:模拟与计算》2013,42(3):355-375
In this article we propose mixture of distributions belonging to the biparametric exponential family, considering joint modeling of the mean and variance (or dispersion) parameters. As special cases we consider mixtures of normal and gamma distributions. A novel Bayesian methodology, using Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods, is proposed to obtain the posterior summaries of interest. We include simulations and real data examples to illustrate de performance of the proposal. 相似文献
82.
To better understand how media exposure to terrorism-related images can lead to perceiving immigrants as more threatening, in the present study we manipulated participants’ exposure to media coverage of terrorist attacks and investigated how this may influence people's perception of Arab immigrants. Considering the important role of regulatory abilities when facing stressful events like terrorist attacks, we measured individual differences in both trait emotional intelligence and resting heart rate variability (HRV). Results showed that participants perceived Arab immigrants as more threatening in the media exposure condition than in the control condition. Importantly, there were moderating effects of both trait emotional intelligence and HRV. People with lower trait emotional intelligence or lower HRV at rest felt more threatened in the media exposure condition compared to the control condition, whereas this effect was not observed among participants with higher trait emotional intelligence or higher resting HRV. The present study highlights some of the complexities related to how media exposure to terrorism-related images influences people's reactions to, and evaluations of, an outgroup that is related to the perpetrators of the attacks. 相似文献
83.
Sara B. Oswalt Alyssa M. Lederer Kimberly Chestnut-Steich Carol Day Ashlee Halbritter Dugeidy Ortiz 《Journal of American college health : J of ACH》2020,68(1):41-51
AbstractObjective: To examine changes in diagnoses/treatment for 12 mental health (MH) conditions, previous use of campus MH services, and willingness to seek MH services in the future. Participants: ACHA–NCHA II participants from 2009 to 2015 (n?=?454,029). Methods: Hierarchical binary logistic regression with step 1 controlling for demographics and step 2 considering time. Results: Time was significant except for bipolar disorder, bulimia, and schizophrenia with increases for all conditions except substance abuse. Anxiety (OR?=?1.68), panic attacks (OR?=?1.61), and ADHD (OR?=?1.40) had the highest odd ratios. Use of MH services at current institution (OR?=?1.30) and willingness to utilize services in the future (OR?=?1.37) also increased over time. Conclusions: Based on a national sample, self-reported diagnoses/treatment of several MH conditions are increasing among college students. This examination of a variety of MH issues can aid college health professionals to engage institutional stakeholders regarding the resources needed to support college students’ MH. 相似文献
84.
85.
Maria Cristina Ginevra Chiara Annovazzi Sara Santilli Ilaria Di Maggio Elisabetta Camussi 《The Career development quarterly》2018,66(3):233-245
The authors examined the relationship between career adaptability, future orientation, and vocational interests. Specifically, they tested the role of career adaptability and future orientation in promoting a broader range of vocational interests, based on the principle that experiencing more interests can be useful in giving one's best in multiple occupations and in planning a broad range of career goals. A total of 762 Italian adolescents (383 males, 379 females) participated in the study. Results highlight the mediating role of future orientation in the relationship between 4 career adaptability resources and breadth of vocational interests. These results underscore that specific interventions in career adaptability and future orientation may foster a broader range of vocational interests, providing more opportunity for adolescents to respond to the demands of the current job market. 相似文献
86.
Martin Manby Adele Diana Jones Liliana Foca Justyna Bieganski Sylvia Starke 《European Journal of Social Work》2015,18(2):228-245
Qualitative data from a larger study on the impact of parental imprisonment in four countries found that children of prisoners face fundamentally similar psychological and social challenges. The ways that children cope, however, are influenced by the interpretative frame adopted by the adults around them, and by how issues of parental imprisonment are talked about in their families. This article argues that families have to reappraise their view of the imprisoned parent and then decide on their policy for how to deal with this publicly. Their approach may be based on openness and honesty or may emphasise privacy and secrecy, or a combination of these. Children are likely to be influenced by their parents'/carers' views, although these may cause conflict for them. Where parents/carers retain a positive view of the imprisoned parent, children are likely to benefit; where parents/carers feel issues of shame and stigma acutely, this is likely to be transmitted to their children. This is important for social workers and practitioners involved in supporting prisoners' families and for parenting programmes. 相似文献
87.
Evolution of the Debate on Control Enhancing Mechanisms: A Systematic Review and Bibliometric Analysis
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This paper aims to assess the state of the art, the structure and the evolution of the debate on control enhancing mechanisms (hereafter CEMs). It combines bibliometric and qualitative methodologies to analyze 210 articles published in scientific journals up to 2014. The findings show that the academics’ interest has increased over time, and the research has simultaneously developed along two main poles: antecedents and consequences of the proportionality principle. The analyses also reveal that the debate stems from the US studies on the legal principles of disproportionate ownership devices at the end of 19th century, and has been strongly fueled by the ‘law and finance’ theorists. This paper has both theoretical and practical implications. First, it provides insights into underexplored issues where future research efforts could be focused. Second, it supports new policy‐making interventions to CEMs and encourages investor regulation and corporate transparency. 相似文献
88.
This article addresses the interconnection of political socialization and identity development. We begin with Erikson's work, which identified the development of political commitment in adolescence as a key aspect of identity formation. We then seek to shed light on the social processes through which youth become engaged in political activities and issues. We discuss the influences of family and peers as well as participation in community service and other civic activities. The development of social responsibility and agency, and an understanding of the complexity of social issues are considered as important facets of political commitment. Data from a case study of Black urban adolescents who participated in a year-long service learning program are used to illustrate our perspective. We conclude that social-historical context, instantiated in social relationships and actions, plays a pivotal role in the process and shape of political socialization and identity formation. 相似文献
89.
Elisa Gallo Silvia Bressan Simonetta Baraldo Daniele Bottigliengo Sara Geremia Aslihan Senturk Acar Luca Zagolin Giovanna Marson Liviana Da Dalt Dario Gregori 《Risk analysis》2023,43(6):1137-1144
Air pollution has been linked to an increased risk of several respiratory diseases in children, especially respiratory tract infections. The present study aims to evaluate the association between pediatric emergency department (PED) presentations for bronchiolitis and air pollution. PED presentations due to bronchiolitis in children aged less than 1 year were retrospectively collected from 2007 to 2018 in Padova, Italy, together with daily environmental data. A conditional logistic regression based on a time-stratified case-crossover design was performed to evaluate the association between PED presentations and exposure to NO2, PM2.5, and PM10. Models were adjusted for temperature, relative humidity, atmospheric pressure, and public holidays. Delayed effects in time were evaluated using distributed lag non-linear models. Odds ratio for lagged exposure from 0 to 14 days were obtained. Overall, 2251 children presented to the PED for bronchiolitis. Infants’ exposure to higher concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 in the 5 days before the presentation to the PED increased the risk of accessing the PED by more than 10%, whereas high concentrations of NO2 between 2 and 12 days before the PED presentation were associated with an increased risk of up to 30%. The association between pollutants and infants who required hospitalization was even greater. A cumulative effect of NO2 among the 2 weeks preceding the presentation was also observed. In summary, PM and NO2 concentrations are associated with PED presentations and hospitalizations for bronchiolitis. Exposure of infants to air pollution could damage the respiratory tract mucosa, facilitating viral infections and exacerbating symptoms. 相似文献
90.
Over the last 5 years, environmental justice (EJ) researchers have been calling for incorporation of health outcomes more
directly into spatial studies of socio-demographics and environmental hazards. To date, researchers have not incorporated
insurance status (an access to health care variable) in their models although access to care likely has an important association
with the probability of health effects due to environmental exposures. As such, insurance status represents an important variable
within spatial EJ studies focused on health, and the lack of spatially explicit access to care data is a critical limitation
in the field. As a solution, we offer a method of using uninsured appendicitis cases, acquired secondarily from state hospital
admissions data, to estimate rates of uninsurance at the zip-code level. We apply the technique to explore relationships between
cancer risk from hazardous air pollutants and estimated rates of uninsurance, a previously unexplored phenomenon. Then, we
compare the uninsurance findings to those related to poverty to illustrate how uninsurance, as a variable, compares to a more
traditional socio-economic predictor used in EJ studies. The relationship between cancer risk from hazardous air pollutants
and uninsurance is weaker than the relationship between risk and poverty, but both are statistically significant. As such,
we conclude with a discussion of the importance of considering insurance status in spatial studies of EJ focused on health. 相似文献