国内外交通影响分析比较研究

总结国内外交通影响评价方法。通过对美国交通影响评价的分析，从分析目的、作用、方法、基础理论四方面提出适合我国交通影响分析一般方法的特点，并对交通影响评价在协调城市交通和土地利用关系的定位进行研究：     

Sexual orientation and full-time monthly earnings, by public and private sector: evidence from Swedish register data

In this paper we explore annual earnings as well as full-time monthly earnings differentials resulting from sexual orientation. We observe that gay males are at an earnings disadvantage compared to male heterosexuals regardless of which earnings measure we use. This earnings disadvantage is found to be larger when we compare gay and heterosexual males who are working full-time. In addition, the disadvantage is larger in the private than in the public sector. Lesbians, however, earn more than heterosexual females. This earnings advantage is considerably smaller when we study full-time monthly rather than annual earnings but an earnings advantage for lesbians at the top of the earnings distribution is documented regardless of which earnings measure we use. In addition, lesbians are doing better than female heterosexuals in the public sector. To sum up, the results indicate that gay males face obstacles on the labor market that hinder them from reaching top-level positions and high earnings. The earnings advantage observed for lesbians is likely to stem from the fact that lesbians devote more time to market work than heterosexual females do.     

The NGOs and the Grand Illusions of Development and Democracy

The role of civil society in the improvement of equitable development and the stimulation of democratic culture has been notably recognised by international development agencies. In the new policy of ‘good governance’ that proposes progress regarding development and democracy in parallel in the developing countries, civil society is often represented by non-governmental organisations (NGOs). This paper bases its arguments primarily on theories in relation to the role of civil society with regard to development and democracy to raise concerns about current policy trends of ‘good governance’ in the general context of developing countries with the main focus on Africa. The concerns are substantiated by empirical verification through a review of literature. The paper concludes that NGOs are unlikely to have the strength to either promote development or foster democracy.     

制度与契约的关系研究

制度和契约是两个难以分清的概念。长期以来,人们认为制度就是契约,契约就是制度。实际上契约与制度既有着紧密联系,又有着重大区别。法学和制度经济学对于制度和契约关系的理解是分别从不同的侧面进行的,都是不全面的。作者从契约与制度的基本概念入手,通过对二者关系的深入考察,得出制度是契约的核心内容、是契约的外在表现这一结论。     

The Making of Multiple Personality Disorder: A Social Constructionist View

This article explores the social construction of multiple personality disorder by analyzing professional agreements about the nature of the diagnosis, while locating these within their historical and cultural context. First, a historical review of the disorder traces various overlapping streams of discourse that have shaped the construction of the diagnosis. This is followed by a cross-cultural comparison of MPD and dissociative phenomena in several non-Western societies. The article concludes with some reflections on the cultural meanings of MPD in contemporary America.     

Arbeitslos oder erwerbsunfähig?

An international comparison of unemployment rates suggests a poor performance of the German labour market. Based on comparative analyses for Germany, the Netherlands, France, Denmark, the UK and the United States the paper tries to show that a more sophisticated picture can be drawn by taking additional forms of non-employment (e.g. disability, retirement or out of labour force) into account. For this purpose data from the “European Social Survey” (ESS) and the survey “Citizenship, Involvement and Democracy” collected in 2004 and 2005 is analysed. While “unemployment” plays a dominant role in Germany, people with comparable demographic characteristics and similar health status are increasingly classified as “permanently disabled” in the other countries. The results stress that an international comparison of labour market performance and especially a comparison of the effectiveness of labour market and social policy reforms should not only rely on employment and unemployment rates. Taking alternative forms of non-employment into account can increase our knowledge and understanding of functional differences of labour markets in Europe and the United States.     

《神秘的河流》中的“河流”书写

《神秘的河流》是澳大利亚小说家凯特·格伦维尔的一部反映殖民时期的历史小说。小说真实再现了英国殖民者在澳洲的创业、发迹过程中伦理和事业的两难抉择。《神秘的河流》中河流不仅是索尼尔个人精神家园栖居地,也是人类远离尘嚣的重要媒介;小说通过河流意象的书写,揭示出田园牧歌式的创业史实则是欲望机器中的田园挽歌。     

“新闻自由”与“公平审判”的权衡困境

美国自沃伦法院以来在联邦司法体系也包括地方司法体系中对有关"新闻自由"与"公平审判"之间不断权衡,这两种权益之间的冲突某种程度上内化于宪法第一修正案与第六修正案之间的冲突。对案件的新闻报道与公开审判某种程度上是为防止司法裁决不公,但在陪审员制度下的司法裁决体系下,新闻报道带来的舆论影响又会在某种程度上影响案件的公平审判。如何权衡两种权益,并没有一个完美的解决方案。在很多情况下要具体案件具体分析,但在不同时代的司法理念主导下,法院的权衡又多少有些偏好。     

霍尔理论背景下汉英请求策略对比研究

人类学家霍尔提出的语境论认为中国文化属于高语境文化,而西方大多数英语国家属于低语境文化。文章在语境论的框架下,阐述了英汉请求策略特点及其差异的深层文化根源。英语请求语多样化的语句层面策略与汉语中语篇策略的广泛应用,体现了低语境文化多用明码信息,高语境文化惯用暗码信息的特点。同时,与处于低语境的英美文化相比,中国文化对请求策略影响因素人际距离、社会权力和强加度的认识与感知呈现两极化。     

Ethnic Enclaves,Networks and Self‐Employment among Middle Eastern Immigrants in Sweden

The proportion of immigrants from countries in the Middle East living in Sweden has increased since the 1970s, and it is a well‐known fact that immigrants from the Middle East suffer from low earnings and high rates of unemployment on the Swedish labour market. There are often great hopes that self‐employment will enable immigrants to improve their labour market situation. Further, in Sweden as in many other countries, the question of whether the existence of ethnic enclaves are good or bad for immigrants’ earnings and employment opportunities has also been widely debated. This paper presents a study of the extent to which Middle Eastern ethnic enclaves and networks in Sweden enhance or hinder immigrants’ self‐employment. The results show that the presence of ethnic enclaves increases the propensity for self‐employment. Thus, immigrants in ethnic enclaves provide their co‐ethnics with goods and services that Swedish natives are not able to provide. The results also show that ethnic networks seem to be an obstacle to immigrant self‐employment. One explanation is that an increase in network size implies increased competition for customers among self‐employed immigrants. The question of whether ethnic enclaves are good or bad for the integration of immigrants into the labour market has been widely debated. The results of this paper provide us with information about the integration puzzle. Ethnic enclaves seem to enhance self‐employment propensities among Middle Eastern immigrants in Sweden.