动物伦理、同情与感情——一个整体性框架

本文有两个目标。第一部分提出了一个用于分析和理解人类与动物关系的整体性框架,用以讨论有关动物福利和伦理的各种论证,重点论述了作为沟通交流中的开放性的自主(自由意志)的观念,以及人类与其他很多动物之间通过同情这一基础性的心理机能所推动的情感的反馈。第二部分将追溯并分析道德视角下动物地位的发展,以及从整个中世纪欧洲人类中心的宗教观下人们对动物的看法到启蒙时期乃至现代各种非人类中心的关于动物的态度。本文也将讨论生态女性主义对于各种形式的支配和歧视(例如种族主义、性别主义、阶级优越论和物种歧视)剖析,生态女性主义认为这些支配和歧视之间存在相互关联和相互强化作用,因为它们在思想意识上都建立在同样的支配逻辑的基础之上。本文还讨论了这些群体(例如黑奴、妇女、工人以及动物)各自获得解放的程度,以及在整体性框架下对近代欧洲有关动物福利和权利保护的立法的解释。这一框架给予了同情和情感的开放性在沟通和道德中的基础地位。     

Noras on the road: family and marriage of lesbian women in Shanghai

During the past decade, we have witnessed the rise of Shanghai as a new metropolitan centre in China. The city has also become one of the most vibrant sites of lesbian community in the country. The author interviewed 20 lesbian women in the city in 2005. It is found that almost all of the women interviewed are experiencing the pressure of social conformity most severely from their immediate family, and the social expectation of marriage. In this paper, the author demonstrates the conflicts of family and marriage that many of the informants have encountered and how the hegemony of heterosexuality is still securely reproduced and carried out through the discourses of family and marriage in contemporary urban China, and finally, how the informants deal with the controls enacted by the institution of heterosexuality. doi:10.1300/ J155v10n03_06.     

The flower intersection problem for Kirkman triple systems

The flower at a point x in a Steiner triple system is the set of all triples containing x. Denote by I_R^*[r] the set of all integers k such that there exists a pair of KTS(2r+1) having k+r triples in common, r of them being the triples of a common flower. In this article we determine the set I_R^*[r] for any positive integer r≡1 (mod 3) (only nine cases are left undecided for r=7,13,16,19), and establish that I_R^*[r]=J[r] for r≡1 (mod 3) and r22 where J[r]={0,1,…,2r(r−1)/3−6,2r(r−1)/3−4,2r(r−1)/3}.     

Vocational outcomes of individuals with psychiatric disabilities participating in a supported competitive employment program

The objective of this paper is to report on the vocational outcomes of individuals with psychiatric disabilities participating in a supported competitive employment (SCE) program. A total of 458 subjects enrolled in the present SCE program which was developed on the basis of the Supported Employment Model developed by Wehman [23] and the principles of the Individual Placement and Support (IPS) developed by Becker and Drake [5]. Of the 458 subjects, 308 (67.3%) obtained competitive employment. The mean job tenure was 134 days. The mean salary was $4,740 for full-time jobs and was $2,321 for part-time jobs. The majority of subjects (59.4%) could sustain their job placement for more than 30 days, 74 (24.0%) subjects could work for more than six months, and 38 (12.3%) could maintain the job for more than one year. Subjects who became employed were compared to those who did not gain employment on a variety of demographic variables. Significant differences were found between two groups in terms of sex and source of referral. The rate of employment in the current study was slightly higher, but the job retention rate was lower than in earlier studies. Recommendations for future research on evaluation of the effectiveness of SCE program are suggested.     

Validity of the Dictionary of Occupational Titles as applied to construction site workers in Hong Kong

This study was designed to examine the content validity of the Dictionary of Occupational Titles (D.O.T.) as applied to construction site workers in Hong Kong. The study was divided into the First Expert Panel Review, the Second Expert Panel Review and the Field Study. The results indicated that (i) 15 out of the 55 items of the D.O.T. were identified as insignificant job requirements, and 14 items other than those suggested by the D.O.T. were identified as significant job requirements by the First Expert Panel; (ii) criteria of 20 out of the 40 items of the job requirements as suggested by the D.O.T. were identified as different from the ones suggested by the Second Expert Panel; and (iii) criteria of 4 items were found to be different among the D.O.T., the Second Expert Panel and the Field Study. The results of this study substantiate the claim that the validity of the D.O.T. is questionable, and research on a larger scale should be implemented to further examine the validity of the D.O.T.     

Demographic study on Occupational Therapy Work Rehabilitation Programs in Hong Kong Hospital Authority

A survey was implemented to collect demographic data of Occupational Therapy Work Rehabilitation Programs in the Hong Kong Hospital Authority in order to reflect the patterns of services delivery within the largest health care organization in Hong Kong. The questionnaire covered types of settings, services provided, instruments/equipment used, sources and aims of referrals, types of patient, training programs attended by occupational therapists, staffing and research. The results of this survey demonstrated that there has been a significant development of the Occupational Therapy Work Rehabilitation Programs in Hong Kong Hospital Authority in the last decade. Future directions for further development are also identified.     

Impact of age and symptom severity on parent-child relationships and self-perception among Chinese children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Little information is available on the effect of parent-child relationships on self-perception among Chinese children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in Hong Kong. This study examined the impact of children’s age and symptom severity on the linkage of quality parent-child relationships to perceived competence/hope among children with ADHD. A clinical sample of 81 school-age children (ages 5–11, mean age = 8.38) who were diagnosed with ADHD were recruited in this study. Separate questionnaires were employed to collect data among children and their parents in the pre-treatment phase. Parent-child relationships were positively correlated with self-perception of children with ADHD, with physical competence to be father-child specific. Children’s age had moderated the correlation between mother-child relationship and children’s hope. Maternal role on children’s hope was significant for the mild symptom group; paternal role on children’s hope was significant for the severe symptom group. No moderation effect was found for symptom severity on the correlation between parent-child relationship and children’s self-perception. The study’s findings helped mental health professionals in a Chinese context to develop psychosocial interventions to foster quality parent-child relationships, which in turn will maintain children’s self-perception. Implications for social work practice are discussed.     

Negative Mood States or Dysfunctional Cognitions: Their Independent and Interactional Effects in Influencing Severity of Gambling Among Chinese Problem Gamblers in Hong Kong

Gambling-related cognitions and negative psychological states have been proposed as major factors in the initiation and maintenance of problem gambling (PG). While there are a substantial number of studies supporting the role of cognitive dysfunctions in the initiation and maintenance of PG, very few empirical studies have explored the specific role of negative psychological states in influencing PG behaviours. In addition, very few studies have examined the interaction effects of cognitive dysfunctions and negative psychological states in exerting influence on PG behaviours. Therefore, the present study aims to examine the main and interaction effects of gambling-related cognitions and psychological states on the gambling severity among a group of problem gamblers in Hong Kong. A cross-sectional research design was adopted. A purposive sample of 177 problem gamblers who sought treatment from a social service organization in Hong Kong completed a battery of standardised questionnaires. While gambling-related cognitions were found to exert significant effects on gambling severity, negative psychological states (i.e. stress) significantly moderated the relationship between gambling cognitions and gambling severity. In essence, those participants who reported a higher level of stress had more stable and serious gambling problems than those who reported a lower level of stress irrespective of the level of gambling-related cognitions. The findings of the moderating role of negative emotions in the relationship between cognitive distortions and severity of gambling provide insight towards developing an integrated intervention model which includes both cognitive-behavioural and emotion regulation strategies in helping people with PG.     

李大钊的国际法思想

李大钊的国际法思想主要体现在三方面：１．提倡民族自决。他认为这是解决国际及国家问题之根本方法。２． 反对秘密外交,反对“以夷制夷”,提倡独立、自主、平等、务实的外交。他将有无密约作为考察他国“是否以平等待我之民族”的一个标准。３．废除不平等条约。他提出废除治外法权及收回税权,等等。历史证明,中国共产党的先驱者们从最开始就把争取我国的国际地位、建立世界政治经济新秩序作为自己毕生的奋斗纲领和目标     

Transnational South Korea as a site for a sociolinguistics of globalization: Markets,timescales, neoliberalism1

This special issue seeks a new direction for the sociolinguistics of globalization in the process of transnationalism, using as a case study new modes of Korean migration that are changing the face of Korean transnationalism, including short‐term early study abroad and return migration. Through a discussion of the historical and sociolinguistic context of South Korea, this paper demonstrates how transnational Korea is a relevant site for refining, reframing, and reconsidering the current sociolinguistics of globalization. We identify two important interventions into the theoretical considerations of language and globalization brought forward by the Korean case: (1) a heightened attention to multiple timescales and markets; and (2) a more serious engagement with and critique of neoliberalism. ? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ????, ????? ??? ? ??? ????? ??? ????? ??? ?? ???? ? ??? ????. ??? ???, ?????? ??? ?? ??? ??, ? ??? ? ??? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ??? ????? ? ? ??? ????. ??? ??? ??? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?? ? ??? ????: (1) ????? ???? ???? ??? ?? ?; ??? (2) ?????? ?? ? ??? ??? ?? ?. [Korean]