延伸相似度对于品牌延伸的成功重要吗——消费者多样化寻觅与内在控制的调节角色

无论学术或实践界都相当重视且试图探讨消费者个人特质在品牌延伸领域中的角色,本研究拟扩充此观点,导入多样化寻觅及内在控制这两个人格特质,检验这些变量如何调节品牌延伸相似度与品牌延伸评估的关系。本研究采用两个实验设计,分别以皮夹及帆布鞋为延伸产品,搭配不同产品类别的真实品牌及虚拟情境来操纵延伸相似度,研究对象为大学生。研究结果显示:(1)延伸相似度正向影响品牌延伸评估;(2)对于多样化寻觅特质愈高的消费者,延伸相似度对品牌延伸评估的正向影响愈强;(3)对于内在控制特质愈高的消费者,延伸相似度对品牌延伸评估的正向影响愈强,此一结果与假设预期相反。本研究对理论及实践提供启示,并对未来研究方向提出建议。     

Is a powerful rival a right partner?

This paper explores why powerless firms are faced with the dilemma of whether or not to collaborate with other powerful firms. Two natures of power, competitive and cooperative natures, are compared to study such an imbalance between firms in market power and social power. Testing the syndicated underwritings in the U.S. from 1998 to 2009, we find that egos of low market power are less likely to partner with alters of high market power. In contrast, egos of low social power are more likely to collaborate with alters of high social power. Moreover, the results show that collaborations with powerful partners are not necessarily beneficial or detrimental for the performance of powerless focal firms; only when the high power partners possess a high network constraint which constrains opportunism and facilitates trust, do collaborations with such partners help the performance of powerless focal firms.     

A characterization of invariant power-series abundance distributions

Consider a population the individuals in which can be classified into groups. Let y, the number of individuals in a group, be distributed according to a probability function f(y;ø_o) where the functional form f is known. The random variable y cannot be observed directly, and hence a random sample of groups cannot be obtained. Consider a random sample of N individuals from the population. Suppose the N individuals are distributed into S groups with x₁, x₂, …, x_S representatives respectively. The random variable x, the number of individuals in a group in the sample, will be a fraction of its population counterpart y, and the distributions of x and y need not have the same functional form. If the two random variables x and y have the same functional form for their distributions, then the particular common distribution is called an invariant abundance distribution. The paper provides a characterization of invariant abundance distributions in the class of power-series distributions.     

Selecting a power-series distribution for goodness of fit

The binomial, Poisson, logarithmic, negative binomial, and extended negative binomial distributions are characterized in the class of power-series distributions (1) through a differential equation based on the ratio of two successive derivatives of the series function, (2) through the ratio of two probabilities associated with two successive values in the range of the random variable, and (3) through the ratio of two consecutive factorial moments. The ratios referred to in (2) and (3) above can be utilized to discriminate between the five power-series distributions mentioned at the beginning.     

Summary report of action research on occupational rehabilitation and community re-integration of migrant workers with work injuries in Mainland China

This article is a summary of an action research exploring the strategies to initiate the occupational rehabilitation and community re-integration of migrant workers with work injuries in Guangdong Province, China. Using two cases of rehabilitation intervention for workers with work injury, a case management model of occupational rehabilitation and community re-integration was illustrated, in the different phases of rehabilitation. Finally, some key elements in supporting occupational rehabilitation and community re-integration for migrant workers with work injury in China were highlighted.     

A Slippery Road to Equality: Hong Kong's experience of unplanned integrated education

This article examines the issue of children with a disability who are 'informally integrated' into mainstream school. Its main purpose is to reflect the views and experiences of parents, and to identify the major difficulties that arise and their suggestions for ameliorating the situation. The data is based on a series of interviews and focus groups of parents. In order to provide a balanced perspective, responses of schools to a questionnaire were also included. Teachers were asked to express their views about integrated education. These responses were then categorised. It was found that lack of resources and training predominated.     

怀智兴教:对中国大陆教师培养中一些问题的探索

笔者旨在探讨本科师范教育在中国大陆的一些重大发展性问题.讨论的中心将围绕本科师范院校所处的学术与行政环境、师范教育课程改革等问题展开.文章将会关注有关师范教育的三方面问题:(1)师范教育在高等教育中的角色;(2)师范教育的课程改革及其重点;(3)师范教育的管理.通过分析相关师范教育改革措施,认为改革一方面要考虑到师范院校在高等教育机构中所面临的困境,另一方面也要注意到其自身从课程设置到计划管理中产生的种种问题.     

Skills of novices early trained or traditionaly trained versus experienced drivers confronted to simulated urban accidents' scenarios

In order to prevent the over-representation of young drivers in car crashes, France instated an early driver training from the age of 16, but the positive effects of this opportunity have not yet been proven. Three groups of male drivers (12 subjects each) were confronted with some prototypical accident scenarios introduced in a simulated urban circuit. The first and second groups were composed of young drivers having less than one month of driving licence; twelve have had a traditional learning course, and twelve had followed, in addition to the initial course, an early driver training under the supervision of an adult. The third group was composed of experienced drivers. Strategies of the three groups were analyzed through their response time, speed and maneuvers. No difference appeared across groups regarding obstacle detection. But traditionally-trained drivers' position control was more conservative than the two others groups, which were more likely to involve efficient evasive action. The exposure gained during early training could thus increase the development of visuo-motor coordination and involve better skills in case of difficult situations. Others accidents' scenarios could be used to confront young drivers with difficult situations not commonly encountered in natural driving.