Wildcat strikes in U.S. manufacturing, 1960–1977

Using data from theBureau of Labor Statistics: Historical File, a model of wildcat strike incidence is estimated. The model supports the hypothesis that the incidence of wildcat strikes is related to the underlying relationship between the parties. In addition, national economic and political trends, industry-specific factors, and firm-specific factors have an impact on strike activity.     

Ethnicity and School Adjustment

La présents recherche porte sur l'association àétablir entre le bilinguisme des étudiants de divers groupes ethniques, d'une part, leur adaptation et leur succés au cours secondaire, d'autre part. Le matériel utilisé provient de la banque de données Carnegie sur le capital humain, organisme qui fit effectuer une enquête sociale sur les 90,000 étudiants inscrits dans les écoles secondaires de l'Ontario de 1959 à 1966. Les étudiants qui appartiennent a des groupes culturels en voie d'assimilation - allemands, hollandais, italiens, slovaques, polonais et hongrois - ont des carnets scolaires comparables à ceux des étudiants qui ne parlent que l'anglais et ils ne sont pas percus différemment de ces derniers par leurs maitres. Par ailleurs, les étudiants qui sont members de groupes linguistiques moins enclins à l'assimilation - judéo-allemands et frangais - réussissent à l'école selon les prédictions que l'on ferait en tenant compte des caractéristiques socio-culturelles de leur groupe.     

Strategic competitive information systems

A variety of strategic competitive information systems is described and evaluated in terms of three criteria which should be met by strategic information systems. The more sophisticated varieties—those that incorporate specific models into the system—generally meet the criteria better than do the ‘retrieval’ varieties of systems. Since systems of this kind are relatively expensive to develop, this suggests that the area of strategic competitive information may be one of great potential payoff for the integration of models into information systems.     

Teachers and Students: a Preliminary Analysis of Collective Reciprocity

On a construit un modele theorique qui propose l'existence de relations recip-roques; pour expliquer l'interaction entre les etudiants et les enseignants dans les ecoles secondaires. II fut postule que les influences prioritaires de la carriere sur les professeurs de meme que la conception des fonctions instrumentales de l'education chez les etudiants, suscitent une reciprocite qui se caracterise par un curriculum de routine et des precedes devaluation. Etudiants et enseignants de trois ecoles secondaires furent examines a l'aide d'un questionnaire, d'un inventaire d'attitude et d'une entrevue dans le but de verifier la validite opera-toire du modele. Les facteurs, carriere, ideologie et “1'instrumentalite” de l'education sont des construits operatoires et les elements de la reciprocite y furent reperes. A model proposing the existence of reciprocal relationships was derived to explain interaction between students and teachers in secondary schools. It was postulated that the priority influences of career on teachers and the conception of education as instrumental on students produce a reciprocity characterized by routinized curriculum and evaluation procedures. Students and teachers from three secondary schools were surveyed by questionnaire, attitude inventory, and interview to test the construct validity of the model. The factors, career, ideology, and the instrumentality of education were supported as operational constructs and the elements of the reciprocity were found to be present.     

Planning for strategic decision support systems

The emergence of Strategic Decision Support Systems has opened up new vistas for the true integration of formal models into the strategic planning process. However, with these new opportunities also come the need to develop planning mechanisms that will permit these sophisticated systems to achieve their potential. The process of strategic planning for Strategic Decision Support Systems that is described in this article serves to cast the organization's overall plans, strategies and strategic attributes into a framework that can be used to develop formal SDSS plans.     

TESTING FOR MOVING AVERAGE REGRESSION DISTURBANCES

This paper considers a locally optimal procedure for testing for first order moving average disturbances in the linear regression model. For this hypothesis testing problem, the Durbin-Watson test is shown to be approximately locally best invariant while the new test is most powerful invariant in a given neighbourhood of the alternative hypothesis. Two versions of the test procedure are recommended for general use; one for problems involving positively correlated disturbances and one for negatively correlated disturbances. An empirical comparison of powers shows the clear superiority of the recommended tests over the Durbin-Watson test. Selected bounds for the tests' significance points are tabulated.     

Towards a system-theoretical decision logic

A system-based decision logic predicated on subjective and objective probabilities is developed incorporating the Bayesian learning process. Selection of specific analytical instruments for generating informational stock pertaining to the system under investigation is described by learning curves which empirically treat either growth in raw information stocks or- which, as a corollary, empirically measure the reduction in expected error associated with models of system phenomena. The decision logic is extended for handling shifts in instrumental modalities, that is, switching from one instrumental category to another during the analysis process. Thus, selection of analytical instruments, and development of system-analysis strategies, need not be totally a prioristic. Although the procedural paradigm presented here is still somewhat immature, it may help focus attention on opportunities for optimizing analytical and system modelling processes.     

Religiosity as a mediator of caregiver well-being: does ethnicity make a difference?

This study used an adaptation of the stress and appraisal model to examine the mediating effects of religiosity on caregiving strain and gain with an ethnically diverse sample of 384 Alzheimer's disease caregivers. While the regression analysis indicated that religiosity did not mediate the stress of providing care for the entire sample, there were significant differences in the use of religiosity depending on the ethnicity (African American, Hispanic, and White non-Hispanic) of the caregiver, as well as significant differences between the three cohorts in the levels of caregiving strain (depression) and gain (self-acceptance). Implications for the use of religiosity as a protective factor for AD caregivers are discussed.     

Planning the deployment of clergy

The deployment of Anglican clergy across the 43 dioceses of England provides an interesting case of quasi-quantitative planning in the Church of England. This paper examines the proposals that have been adopted and notes some unusual features connected with their development. Several steps are suggested which could lead to a fairer deployment of the clergy and to a general improvement in the planning processes of the Church of England.