大学生网络活动趋利避害对策的研究

网络对青年尤其是大学生的利与害的问题 ,已引起广泛关注。本文从大学生网络活动、高校网络建设的角度 ,对如何切实、有效地趋利避害 ,充分发挥网络在思想政治教育、文化素质教育及业余娱乐活动中的积极健康的作用 ,成为培养创新人才的一个重要阵地 ,作进一步探索 ,提出了四条主要对策。     

非洲的环境危机和可持续发展

非洲确已出现严重的环境危机,但不同于工业化国家的环境公害,环境退化与贫困化、经济危机和社会政治不稳定共同作用、使非洲陷入以欠发展为特征的“发展陷阱”,只有实施以反贫困为突破口,把环境保护、经济发展、社会稳定和政治变革结合起来的可持续发展战略,非常才 能遏止边缘化的趋势。     

高校"推优"工作的基础、点与面、制度

优秀团支部建设是高校推荐优秀团员青年入党工作的基础,党团校、社团载体是此项工作全面铺开的主阵地及其外围延伸,党内生活、任务担子与相关团、学活动则发挥锻炼重点对象实践素质的作用,双向责任,"一对一"联系人、定期考察鉴定,党团衔接则是保证"推优"过程规范化的好制度.     

转基因食品人体实验的伦理辩护

转基因食品还处在发展的初期,有许多不确定性因素,它可能对人体健康有潜在危害,有必要在转基因食品进入市场前进行人体试验。那么,转基因食品人体实验能够得到伦理辩护吗?本文通过正反观点的论证与分析认为,转基因食品的人体实验是对公众的身体健康负责的必然要求,可以得到伦理辩护。     

研究型大学集中式科研管理与运行体制研究

研究型大学在国家自主创新体系中的地位日益显著,而传统的科研管理与运行体制正面临着许多问题,在一定程度上制约其提高自主创新能力和科学研究效率。改革目前的科研管理与组织模式,建立一种项目研究集中开展、统一管理,融研究实体与行政职能为一体的综合性机构,将十分有助于提高学校综合性项目的研究效率,形成良好的科研竞争氛围与激励机制。     

Michael Polanyi and the sociology of a free society

Michael Polanyi’s defense of freedom in science and society conflicts in major ways with Weber (process of rationalization, value neutrality of sociologists), Popper (objective knowledge, open society), and technological or oppositional sociology. Polanyi rejects positivism, utilitarianism, and Marxism, and defends freedom as a necessary condition for pursuit of spiritual ideals such as truth, justice, charity, and tolerance. Half truths about science seen as rejecting tradition, faith, authority, values, and the subjective, have helped bring valuable social results, but in the form taken by radical philosophical skepticism (doubt), also called objectivism, they also threaten freedom itself. A more truthful account is needed. Scientists and citizens who would maintain a free society are morally responsible persons, joined together in quest of truth and certain other ideals, demanding of themselves and each other that they be faithful to that quest. Polanyi’s thought has connections with that of Shils, and has implications for what Shils calls a consensual sociology. Louis H. Swartz teaches law, and is interested in the development of sociological theory and legal sociology, building upon the contributions of Polanyi and Shils.     

理想气体平均相对速率公式的证明

依据麦克斯韦速度分布律，证明了现行热学教科书中未予证明的关系式：．所用方法简单明了，具有普通物理的特点，对热学课教学具有一定的参考意义．     

联立方程计量经济学模型的结构识别

本文提出了联立方程计量经济学模型结构识别的概念与方法。应用该方法识别模型与统计数据无关,并且与模型参数的具体数值也无关,对计量经济学建模与分析有实际意义.     

Estimating population sizes by catch-effort methods

Estimating population sizes by the catch-effort methods is of enormous importance, in particular to harvest animal populations. A unified mixture model is introduced for different catchability functions to account for heterogeneous catchabilities among individual animals. A sequence of lower bounds to the odds that a single animal is not caught are proposed and used to define pseudo maximum likelihood estimators for the population size. The one-sided nature of confidence intervals is discussed. The proposed estimation methods are presented and illustrated by numerical studies.