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991.
Wage differentials within a female‐dominated occupation: Domestic workers in informal and flexible jobs in Portugal 下载免费PDF全文
Fátima SULEMAN Maria da Conceição FIGUEIREDO 《International labour review / International Labour Office》2018,157(1):129-152
The authors use an original cross‐sectional data set to examine the impact of informal and flexible contractual arrangements on the wages of domestic workers hired by private employers in Portugal. OLS estimations suggest that formality benefits workers, whether they have a stable or a flexible contract. However, social and labour market processes help to shape and maintain inequality, especially for migrant workers. Although skills are undervalued and do not generate rewards, higher wages are identified for workers who are engaged in contingent work, work for multiple employers or provide care for the elderly. However, such workers are still subject to exploitation and insecurity. 相似文献
992.
Asunción Martínez-Martínez Manuel Castro-Sánchez Sonia Rodríguez-Fernández Félix Zurita-Ortega Tamara Espejo-Garcés 《Revista de Psicología Social》2018,33(1):111-141
This study aims to establish and verify an explanatory model for aggressive behaviour, self-esteem, victimization and physical activity in adolescents, and to use this explanatory model to analyse the association of place of residence with these variables. This research analysed 2,273 adolescents from the province of Granada (Spain) using the questionnaires Violent Behaviour at Schools, School Victimization Scale and Global Self-Esteem Scale. An analysis was carried out using structural equations. Results showed that relational and overt aggressiveness are related to self-esteem, victimization and physical activity. Furthermore, relational aggressiveness showed a stronger association with victimization and low self-esteem in adolescents who live in residential care. In addition, overt aggressiveness showed a stronger association with self-esteem in adolescents who live in family homes. Thus, exclusion and social rejection among peers have a greater impact on the victimization of young people who live outside of the family context. 相似文献
993.
With the objective of theoretically and psychometrically updating the Regional Identity Scale (RIS) proposed by Zúñiga and Asún in 2004 and expanding the population for which it shows evidence of validity, a revision and revalidation of this instrument was performed via two studies. The first study included 1,113 university students from four regions of Chile, and the second included 1,200 adults from the same regions. Both samples were obtained via a random design through multistage conglomerates. The results enable us to propose a new version of the original scale (RIS-2) with suitable reliability indexes, solid evidence of both convergent validity and internal structure validity, and items with satisfactory psychometric quality. Furthermore, we verify the presence of a multifactor structure with three highly correlated dimensions. We conclude that the RIS-2 is a reliable, valid and conceptually broader instrument than the preceding version, so it is a useful tool to measure the intensity of regional identity in both university students and the adult population. 相似文献
994.
Joana Carvalho Otília Monteiro Fernandes Inês Carvalho Relva 《Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal》2018,35(1):31-44
The Family Adaptability and Cohesion Scales (FACES) are one of the most used instruments in the study of family relations, assessing relevant dimensions of family functioning. This study aims to examine the relationship between cohesion, communication and family satisfaction, measured by FACES IV, and the dimensions of discipline inventory (DDI). The sample consisted of 380 subjects (190 adolescents and 190 parents). Fathers are the main users of physical discipline and boys are the main targets of most discipline practices. Regarding the association of the DDI and FACES, families with a balanced cohesion use less punitive discipline, families with enmeshed cohesion and families with disengaged cohesion have higher and less use of the analyzed disciplinary practices respectively. Considering the results, it may be useful to work together with families to promote the use of positive disciplinary methods and work their communication skills in order to improve cohesion and consequently family satisfaction. 相似文献
995.
This study addressed an important question about the meaning of corporate social responsibility (CSR), and how it is measured. Based on a comparison of the meaning networks of CSR in two countries with fundamentally different cultural and socioeconomic backgrounds, we argue that there is a need for an institutional perspective when studying CSR associations and expectations in a particular society. Thus empirical study involved the use of three methods the word-association technique, social network analysis, and blockmodeling using Pajek software; to provide deep insight into the structure of CSR associations. The findings suggest that the two societies have diverse collective cognitive structures regarding CSR. In Turkey, the philanthropic understanding of CSR is highly dominant, while the Slovenian social meaning of CSR is multidimensional. The findings point to the social construction of the concept of CSR with implications both for academic research and practice. 相似文献
996.
Juan A. Roche Cárcel 《International Review of Sociology》2018,28(2):298-320
RESUMENA partir de las aportaciones de H. Joas y A. Reckwitz, este artículo trata de perfilar una sociogénesis del concepto de creatividad, asociándola más al contexto general social y cultural -el proceso de civilización moderna- en el que brota que a la acción creativa. Se trata, en concreto, de describir y analizar las contribuciones de la Sociología sobre la creatividad en relación con el proceso de civilización moderna y con las ambivalencias que éste presenta de manera inherente. Particularmente, las que contraponen lo individual con lo colectivo, el espacio con el tiempo y el orden con la crisis.Al respecto, el artículo llega a dos conclusiones finales: la primera, que la creatividad se muestra como ambigua y contradictoria, es decir, que ha heredado las ambivalencias de la Modernidad; y, la segunda, que la creatividad sufre las turbulencias y las indeterminaciones propias de la etapa de transición y de crisis en la que vivimos. Así, la creatividad constituye un exponente más de las contradicciones de la sociedad moderna en la que se desarrolla, funciona fundamentalmente como una construcción social y cultural. Es decir, que está colaborando más en la edificación de lo que somos y menos de lo que nos gustaría ser. 相似文献
997.
Ramón A. Feenstra 《Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations》2018,29(6):1202-1215
Citizen participation is manifested through various concepts, such as activism, social movements, volunteering or civil society. The different ways of understanding popular engagement are often separated by delimitations that define them, particularly volunteering and civic action, as two highly differentiated forms of participation in the distinct academic disciplines: political science, volunteering studies, social movement studies or civil society theory. This article considers whether this basic theoretical differentiation can be problematised in the Spanish political context by exploring four paradigmatic cases of popular engagement, using qualitative case study methodology, specifically, a historic case from the 1990s and three more recent cases. It is hoped that the results of the study—which differentiates between organisational hybridity and fuzziness—will encourage reflection on the traditional boundaries between different forms of popular engagement. 相似文献
998.
García-Colín Jacqueline Butcher 《Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations》2018,29(5):1136-1137
VOLUNTAS: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations - 相似文献
999.
José Luis Molina Hugo Valenzuela-García Miranda J. Lubbers Paula Escribano Marta M. Lobato 《Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations》2018,29(4):725-739
In order to contribute to the debate about social entrepreneurship, we take an empirical perspective and describe the phenomenon in Catalonia, Spain, during the financial crises of the early twenty-first century. For this aim, we conducted 43 in-depth interviews with social entrepreneurs, launched a web-based survey with 90 responses, and built a database with 347 organizations and/or ventures settled in Catalonia with an explicit social/environmental goal. The data show that many social/environmental initiatives emerged during the economic crisis, either as a self-employment alternative to unemployment, or as a commercial venture started by nonprofit organizations as a reaction to the reduction in public expense in this sector. In addition, the crisis fueled the emergence of ventures oriented to non-market exchange and social currencies. As a whole, we argue that this new reality can be conceptualized as the emergence of an unsettled Strategic Action Field where banks, business schools and public administrations alike promote the label of “social entrepreneurship” through awards and startup services, whereas other groups claiming the same social/environmental goals contest this market-oriented definition of the field. 相似文献
1000.
Núria Mallorquí-Bagué Iris Tolosa-Sola Fernándo Fernández-Aranda Roser Granero Ana Beatriz Fagundo María Lozano-Madrid Gemma Mestre-Bach Mónica Gómez-Peña Neus Aymamí Indira Borrás-González Jessica Sánchez-González Marta Baño Amparo Del Pino-Gutiérrez José M. Menchón Susana Jiménez-Murcia 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2018,34(1):209-223
To identify Gambling Disorder (GD) subtypes, in a population of men seeking treatment for GD, according to specific executive function domains (i.e., cognitive flexibility, inhibition and working memory as well as decision making) which are usually impaired in addictive behaviors. A total of 145 males ranging from 18 to 65 years diagnosed with GD were included in this study. All participants completed: (a) a set of questionnaires to assess psychopathological symptoms, personality and impulsivity traits, and (b) a battery of neuropsychological measures to test different executive functioning domains. Two clusters were identified based on the individual performance on the neuropsychological assessment. Cluster 1 [n = 106; labeled as Low Impaired Executive Function (LIEF)] was composed by patients with poor results in the neuropsychological assessment; cluster 2 patients [n = 46; labeled as High Impaired Executive Function (HIEF)] presented significantly higher deficits on the assessed domains and performed worse than the ones of LIEF cluster. Regarding the characterization of these two clusters, patients in cluster 2 were significantly older, unemployed and registered higher mean age of GD onset than patients in cluster 1. Additionally, patients in cluster 2 also obtained higher psychopathological symptoms, impulsivity (in both positive and negative urgency as well as sensation seeking) and some specific personality traits (higher harm avoidance as well as lower self-directedness and cooperativeness) than patients in cluster 1. The results of this study describe two different GD subtypes based on different cognitive domains (i.e., executive function performance). These two GD subtypes display different impulsivity and personality traits as well as clinical symptoms. The results provide new insight into the etiology and characterization of GD and have the potential to help improving current treatments. 相似文献