Differences in Sleep Quality and Health-Related Quality of Life in Young Adults With Allergies and Asthma and Their Healthy Peers

Abstract

Objective: The current study examined the relationship between sleep quality and health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Participants: Participants were 501 undergraduate students with allergies (167), asthma + allergies (167), or with no history of a chronic illness (167) completed study measures from August 2011 to April 2012. Methods: The undergraduate students completed questionnaires online as part of a larger study of psychosocial adjustment of young adults. Results: Young adults with allergies and asthma + allergies reported significantly worse sleep quality and HRQOL than healthy peers. Additionally, those with allergies and asthma + allergies had significantly more sleep disturbances and used sleeping medication significantly more often in the previous month than healthy peers. Conclusions: These results highlight concerns regarding quality of life and sleep problems in an often-overlooked population. Importantly, sleep difficulties can result in difficulties in daily living and impairment in academic functioning.     

Attitudes toward Poverty during Undergraduate Education

Abstract

The commitment of social workers to serving economically disadvantaged clients has been questioned in an era of growing political conservatism. This empirical study examines perceptions of the causes of poverty of three groups of undergraduate social work students. Results confirm that students appear to develop beliefs about poverty that are consistent with desired professional values. Beginning, intermediate, and advanced BSW students rated structural explanations as the most salient and accorded the least importance to factors related to personal client deficiencies. However, a rise in fatalistic interpretations of poverty along with an increasingly external locus of control orientation characterized students who had completed their social welfare policy course. Strategies for enhancing curricula are suggested.     

Demographic and social change: implication for use of acute care services by older people in Scotland

Rapidly rising numbers of emergency hospital admissions among older people have been the major source of pressure on the NHS in Scotland in recent decades. Conventional wisdom long held that this was mainly a reflection of an ageing population. This paper shows that factors such as demographic change, changing morbidity and pressure on informal care have played the lesser explanatory role. The bulk of the explanation lies in the how the system has delivered care. Rising emergency hospital admissions primarily are a reflection of a system which has tended to provide fragmented, ‘crisis-management’ care rather than the co-ordinated and preventive care more appropriate to the management of long-term conditions in an ageing population.     

最小运行时间最佳开关式控制器(英文)

阐述了一种适用于机床工作台运动的DNC非线性控制器,该系统以一种最佳开关式控制器为基础,实现了工作台精确移位的最短时间优化控制,以工作台实测的机械特性为依据,采用计算辅助设计来确定最佳开关时间点,再用这些开关量来驱动一组在线的非线性闭环反馈控制器,使三个相互垂直的轴运动能精确定位,为得到快速响应,系统采用两个微处理器协调运行:一个主控制器实时控制三台步进电动机;一个副控制器采集三个轴的绝对座标并迅速将数值传送给主控制器,同时将座标数值按照用户要求以英寸或毫米或脉冲计数方式在一块液晶屏上显示出来,提供了系统硬件图和软件设计要点,并以一台三座标印刷电路板钻床为应用实例,给出了典型试验数据。     

Relations Between Mother‐Child Interactions and the Neural Correlates of Face Processing in 6‐Month‐Olds

Developmental studies of face processing have revealed age‐related changes in how infants allocate neurophysiological resources to the face of a caregiver and an unfamiliar adult. We hypothesize that developmental changes in how infants interact with their caregiver are related to the changes in brain response. We studied 6‐month‐olds because this age is frequently noted in the behavioral and neurophysiological literature as a time of transition in which infants begin to discriminate more readily between caregivers and unfamiliar adults. We used infants' behavioral responses to an original behavioral paradigm to predict event‐related potential (ERP) responses to pictures of the mother's face and a stranger's face in the same group of participants. Our results suggest that individual differences in infants' proximity‐seeking behaviors during interactions with the mother correlate with their neurophysiological responses to the mother's face as opposed to an unfamiliar face for the Nc component of the ERP. These results have implications for understanding the role of the changing infant‐caregiver relationship on the development of the face processing system in early infancy.     

Deferred Legacy! The Continued Marginalization of the Atlanta Sociological Laboratory

Between 1895 and 1917 the Atlanta Sociological Laboratory made substantial contributions to the discipline of sociology, including the establishment of the first American school of sociology, institutionalization of method triangulation, institutionalization of the insider researcher, and institutionalization of the public acknowledgment of one's research. Despite these contributions that predate the Chicago School, the W. E. B. Du Bois led laboratory remains in the margins of American sociological discourse. This paper examines the contributions of the Atlanta Sociological Laboratory, offers explanations for the school's more than 100-year marginalization and examines its legacy in the discipline.     

Not the only way to communicate: A challenge to voice in child protection work

Children with disabilities and communication differences have consistently been failed under child protection provisions in four vital areas. We have not studied communication in relation to safety programmes, assessment process, criminal proceedings and therapeutic services. Many disabilities have communication differences inherent in the disability. For these children communication may be in the form of sign and/or symbol in conjunction with some level of English speech or speech reading. Children with multiple disability or cerebral palsy may also use a variety of computer aided communication systems with keyboards and/or voice simulators. This paper provides an overview of various communication methods which workers need to be aware of when doing child protection work with children with disabilities.