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501.
Gaëlle Bouju Jean-Benoit Hardouin Claude Boutin Philip Gorwood Jean-Damien Le Bourvellec Fanny Feuillet Jean-Luc Venisse Marie Grall-Bronnec 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2014,30(2):349-367
The Gambling Attitudes and Beliefs Survey (GABS) is a questionnaire which explores gambling-related dysfunctional beliefs in an unidimensional way. The present research aims to investigate the dimensionality of the scale. 343 undergraduate student gamblers and 75 pathological gamblers seeking treatment completed the GABS and the south oaks gambling screen. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses revealed that the original one-factor structure of the GABS did not fit the data effectively. We then proposed a shorter version of the GABS (GABS-23) with a new five-factor structure, which fitted with the data more efficiently. The comparisons between students (problem vs. non-problem gamblers) and pathological gamblers seeking treatment indicated that the GABS-23 can discriminate between problem and non-problem gamblers as efficiently as the original GABS. To ensure the validity and the stability of the new structure of the GABS-23, analyses were replicated in an independent sample that consisted of 628 gamblers (256 non problem gamblers, 169 problem gamblers who are not treatment-seeking and 203 problem gamblers seeking treatment). Analyses showed satisfactory results, and the multidimensional structure of the GABS-23 was then confirmed. The GABS-23 seems to be a valid and useful assessment tool for screening gambling-related beliefs, emotions and attitudes among problem and non-problem gamblers. Moreover, it presents the advantage of being shorter than the original GABS, and of screening irrational beliefs and attitudes about gambling in a multidimensional way. The five-factor model of the GABS-23 is discussed based on the theory of locus of control. 相似文献
502.
Campbell Jim; Brophy Lisa; Healy Bill; O'Brien Ann Marie 《British Journal of Social Work》2006,36(7):1101-1118
Substantial changes to mental health law and policy have occurredthroughout the Western world during the last decade. The drifttowards control, particularly in the form of Community TreatmentOrders (CTOs), has profound implications for the role of mentalhealth social workers, yet this issue is rarely discussed inacademic literature. This paper seeks to redress this gap inknowledge by examining aspects of law, policy and practice usingthree case studies: Victoria, Australia; Ontario, Canada; andregions of the UK. The paper begins by critically reviewingselected literature on CTOs, revealing competing claims aboutefficacy and their impact upon service users1 and practitioners.A discussion of policy and practice contexts in the three jurisdictionsis then presented and supported with a typology, to illustratecontrasts and comparisons. In their conclusions, the authorsassert that mental health social workers often have a crucialpart to play in the implementation of CTOs but that this isnot always acknowledged in law and organizational policy. Socialworkers roles and responsibilities need to be more explicitlyidentified in mental health law. At the same time, there shouldbe a continuing debate about how such coercive powers fit withcodes of ethics and practice standards, at national and internationallevels. 相似文献
503.
Objective. Although studies suggest that the earnings of limited‐English‐proficient (LEP) Hispanic men have recently improved relative to the English fluent, it remains unclear as to whether specific Hispanic groups experienced similar improvements. Methods. Using 1990 and 2000 U.S. Census data, this study employs regression, wage decomposition, and quantile regression analyses to examine how gender and Hispanic ethnicity relate to the LEP‐earnings penalty. Results. The LEP‐earnings penalty fell significantly for Mexican‐American men between 1990 and 2000. However, additional results suggest that this penalty increased for Cuban‐American men and women (and, to a lesser extent, for Mexican‐American women). Conclusions. Expanding trade and ethnic networks as well as reduced statistical discrimination have not systematically benefited all LEP Hispanic populations. Therefore, policies designed to enhance English‐language proficiency may yield heterogeneous socioeconomic outcomes along the ethnic, gender, and income class dimensions. 相似文献
504.
Kari Marie Norgaard 《Sociological inquiry》2006,76(3):372-396
Emotions can be a source of information and an impetus for social action, but the desire to avoid unpleasant emotions and the need for emotion management can also prevent social movement participation. Ethnographic and interview data from a rural Norwegian community describes how people avoided thinking about climate change in part because doing so raised fears of ontological security, emotions of helplessness and guilt, and was a threat to individual and collective senses of identity. In contrast to existing studies that focus on the public's lack of information or concern about global warming as the basis for the lack of public response, my work describes the way in which holding information at a distance was an active strategy performed by individuals as part of emotion management. Following Evitar Zerubavel, I describe this process of collective avoiding as the social organization of denial. Emotions played a key role in denial, providing much of the reason why people preferred to avoid information. Emotion management was also a central aspect of the process of denial, which in this community was carried out through the use of a cultural stock of social narratives that were invoked to achieve “perspectival selectivity” and “selective interpretation.” 相似文献
505.
Much research has been done on demographic manifestations of son preference, particularly girls’ excess mortality; however,
there is less research that focuses on son preference itself. This paper analyzes the determinants of son preference in rural
India. We separate the independent, relative effects of characteristics of individual women and their households, village
opportunities for women and village development, and social norms. We look at both socioeconomic and sociocultural variables.
Finally, we examine whether predictors of son preference differ by desired family size. Our data come from the National Family
Health Survey (NFHS) India, 1992–1993. We use an ordered logit model, with dummy variables for state of residence. Our analysis
shows that women’s education, particularly at secondary and higher levels, is consistently and significantly associated with
weaker son preference, regardless of desired family size. Once factors measuring social norms, such as marriage customs, caste
and religion, are included, economic wealth and women’s employment at household or village levels are not significant. Media
access remains significant, suggesting an influence of “modernizing” ideas. Among social factors, caste and religion are associated
with son preference but, once state of residence is controlled for, marriage patterns and cultivation patterns are insignificant.
The strength and significance for son preference of many determinants differs by desired family size. Our results suggest
that policy makers seeking to influence son preference need to identify and target different policy levers to women in different
fertility and social contexts, rather than try an approach of one size that fits all. 相似文献
506.
Dorothea Marie Epple 《Clinical Social Work Journal》2002,30(1):95-110
The graying of America will result in triple the number of Americans diagnosed with Alzheimer's Disease by 2050. The social service field will be challenged to recognize the symptoms, refer for differential diagnostic testing, and provide services to individuals afflicted with Senile Dementia of the Alzheimer's type and to their families. This paper will review the history of Alzheimer's disease, its diagnostic criteria, symptoms, and effects on the patient and the family system. The impact of the disease on issues of caregiving, aging, and midlife will also be discussed. Two case examples will illustrate interventions in the early as well as the late stages of the disease. 相似文献
507.
Community leadership development 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
508.
Marie Cooke 《The Australian journal of social issues》2003,38(4):465-475
This paper explores public policy in relation to war widows. The effects of public policy are rarely analysed from an individual's perspective. The paper draws on interview data to analyse the case study of a 51 year old Vietnam War widow and compares this to the experiences of six other war widows. Findings are part of a larger study on widowhood. Life histories were gained through unstructured interviews and then constructed as case studies that enabled an analysis of the relationship between the individual lived experience of the women and broader social forces that influence this. The findings suggest that women may feel differently about being categorised as ‘war widows’ in public policy and the reasons for this are varied. The paper suggests that an extension of this study be conducted to more fully explore the reasons for the differences in war widows to inform future policy review/revision. 相似文献
509.
The authors give the exact asymptotic behaviour of the expected average absolute error of a beta kernel density estimator proposed by Chen (1999). They also prove the uniform weak consistency of this estimator for the class of continuous densities. 相似文献
510.
Are immigrants who live in states where large numbers of their compatriots reside more or less likely to migrate than those who live in other states? Using 1980 U.S. Census data to address that question, the analysis shows that nativity concentration deters interstate migration but not migration within the same state. Residing in a state where fellow nationals live is a more important determinant of internal migration than human capital, immigration status, or a state’s unemployment rate. New York State residence in 1975 also promotes interstate migration. This research suggests that social dimensions should be taken into account in modeling internal migration of the foreign-born. 相似文献