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101.
Qualitative sociologists typically privilege fieldwork over interviews. What happens to fieldworkers who now ask questions but no longer hang out? What about those who rely exclusively on intensive interviewing while participant observation remains the standard? The authors examine the negative consequences of privileging fieldwork for identity and practice, the unique contributions of in-depth interviewing, and the differences in the tales that fieldworkers and interviewers tell. An inclusive identity anchored to the analytical assumptions fieldworkers and interviewers share would increase qualitative researchers' confidence and lead them to do better work. 相似文献
102.
Martha Norby Fraundorf 《Journal of Labor Research》1990,11(3):323-335
Public choice theorists have shown that choice of voting procedures may affect the outcome when more than two alternatives
are on a ballot. The run-off election and the two-part ballot are two alternatives used in representation elections involving
more than one union. A comparison of these alternatives under various voting strategies shows that the run-off election used
by the NLRB results in fewer union wins if workers vote sincerely or if they engage in strategic behavior. The run-off procedure
results in more union wins if workers seek to avoid their least-favored option or if they follow a second-best strategy. 相似文献
103.
Martha A. Myers 《Sociological inquiry》1982,52(1):1-15
This paper draws attention to the common-law distinction between felonies and misdemeanors. It asks whether this distinction, when drawn on the level of formal criminal procedure, has its counterpart on the informal level, in the use of different criteria to decide whether and how to prosecute the defendant. Analysis of data from the District of Columbia indicates that the felony-misdemeanor distinction clearly conditions the role of both legally relevant and irrelevant factors, but not in the simple straightforward way initially hypothesized. The paper concludes with a discussion of the empirical and theoretical implications of the findings. 相似文献
104.
Mark Pope Muhaini Musa Hemla Singaravelu Tammy Bringaze Martha Russell 《The Career development quarterly》2002,50(3):264-276
This article documents the development of career counseling in Malaysia from 1957—when the British colonizers departed—to 2000. Although counseling, psychology, and psychiatry had their roots in mental health and medical environments, career counseling had its origins in the system of schooling and has now spread widely to business and industry. This article presents information on the historic and economic context of the development of career counseling, an exploration of the educational system from which career counseling was born, the cultural elements that have formed career counseling in the Malaysian context, and the application of M. Pope's (1995, 2000) stage development model to the development of career counseling in the Malaysian context. 相似文献
105.
106.
Amazon J McNeely E Lehr S Marquardt MG 《Journal of psychosocial nursing and mental health services》2008,46(5):45-52
Although there is extensive literature on electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), little documentation exists about how an individual makes the decision to receive ECT. This phenomenological study is an exploratory examination of the decision making process of older adults with mental illness who elect to receive ECT. Study participants included 7 older adults without dementia from a suburban geriatric medicine/psychiatry practice who elected to receive ECT. The lived experience of decision making as perceived by these 7 participants was a process that moved them toward wellness. The data revealed four significant themes: Support, Trust, Past Experience, and Desperation. An overriding substantive theme identified as an obstacle was the Stigma of Mental Illness. This study provided a basis for planning clinical practice and building further research. 相似文献
107.
Martha Bragin 《Clinical Social Work Journal》2007,35(4):229-236
Survivors of extreme violence can be difficult to engage in treatment. Often this is caused by a sense of isolation drawn
from the belief that no one who has not shared their experience can comprehend it. The only others who know what they know
are those who have died of the violence, fellow survivors and the perpetrators. The clinician attempting to treat such patients
may be placed in a dilemma: how to convey the capacity to know terrible things without being destroyed by the survivor, while
at the same time not conveying that one is dangerous oneself. This paper suggests a method of utilizing unconscious aggressive
fantasy to access the capacity to convey to the survivor that it is possible to hear, understand and contain violent experience.
Case illustrations indicate how such capacity might be conveyed, so that a treatment alliance can begin.
Martha Bragin , Ph.D. LCSW is Assistant Professor in the Department of Social Work, College of Social and Behavioural Science of California State University at San Bernardino, as well as on the Clinical and Research Faculty in Social Work of the International Program on Refugee Trauma at Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons. For the past 20 years, Dr. Bragin has consulted with governments, international and nongovernmental organizations in the design, monitoring and evaluation of programs that mitigate the effects of all forms of violence on soldiers and civilians. Previously, she served as training director for The Children’s Aid Society in New York. Her recent publications include “To play learn and think: Mitigating the effects of exposure to violence in school aged children, and “Complex attachments: A discussion of the nature of attachment in families where the global economy has necessitated migration to the north.” 相似文献
Martha BraginEmail: |
Martha Bragin , Ph.D. LCSW is Assistant Professor in the Department of Social Work, College of Social and Behavioural Science of California State University at San Bernardino, as well as on the Clinical and Research Faculty in Social Work of the International Program on Refugee Trauma at Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons. For the past 20 years, Dr. Bragin has consulted with governments, international and nongovernmental organizations in the design, monitoring and evaluation of programs that mitigate the effects of all forms of violence on soldiers and civilians. Previously, she served as training director for The Children’s Aid Society in New York. Her recent publications include “To play learn and think: Mitigating the effects of exposure to violence in school aged children, and “Complex attachments: A discussion of the nature of attachment in families where the global economy has necessitated migration to the north.” 相似文献
108.
OBJECTIVE: The authors' purpose in this study was to investigate the influence of knowledge of osteoporosis, attitudes regarding osteoporosis, and knowledge of dietary calcium on dairy product intake in both male and female college-age students. PARTICIPANTS: The authors conducted this cross-sectional study on 911 men and women enrolled in 2 demographically similar universities. METHODS: A modified osteoporosis knowledge questionnaire assessed participant's general osteoporosis knowledge and perceived disease risk. RESULTS: The authors found that knowledge of osteoporosis and calcium did not significantly influence dairy product intake. Attitude regarding osteoporosis was a significant predictor of dairy product intake in men but was not significant for the women. CONCLUSIONS: The authors recommend development and implementation of educational programs designed to increase awareness of calcium-rich food sources as well as other risk factors of this crippling disease. 相似文献
109.
Data from the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) Integrated Mission System database were analyzed with specific reference to allegations of workplace discrimination filed by individuals with cancer under ADA Title One. These 6,832 allegations, filed between July 27, 1992 and September 30, 2003, were compared to 167,798 allegations from a general disability population on the following dimensions: type of workplace discrimination; demographic characteristics of the charging parties (CPs); the industry designation, location, and size of employers; and the outcome or resolution of EEOC investigations. Results showed allegations derived from CPs with cancer were more likely than those in the general disability population to include issues involving discharge, terms and conditions of employment, lay-off, wages, and demotion. Compared to the general disability group, CPs with cancer were more likely to be female, older, and White. Allegations derived from CPs with cancer were also more likely to be filed against smaller employers (15-100 workers) or those in service industries. Finally, the resolution of allegations by CPs with cancer were more likely to be meritorious than those filed from the general disability population; that is, actual discrimination is more likely to have occurred. 相似文献
110.
Information from the Integrated Mission System of the United States Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) was used to investigate the employment discrimination experiences of women and men with multiple sclerosis (MS). Spanning the years 1992 to 2003, the EEOC database included 3,663 allegations of discrimination filed by 2,167 adults with MS. With respect to women and men with MS, the researchers examined the comparability of a) demographic characteristics; b) industry designations, locations, and size of employers; c) the nature of discrimination alleged; and d) the legal outcome or resolution of those allegations. On average, women and men with MS were in their early forties, with the majority of both groups being Caucasian. Both women and men were most likely to allege discrimination related to discharge and reasonable accommodations, although women were more likely to file harassment charges than men. Men with MS were more likely to allege discrimination regarding hiring and reinstatement. Women with MS were more likely to file allegations against employers in the service industries, and men were more likely to file allegations against employers in the construction, manufacturing, and wholesale industries. No gender differences were found in the geographic distribution of allegations. Both groups had comparable rates of merit closures (23% vs. 27%) as a result of the EEOC's investigatory process. Implications for rehabilitation counseling and employer-oriented interventions are discussed. 相似文献