全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2246篇 |
免费 | 74篇 |
专业分类
管理学 | 130篇 |
民族学 | 14篇 |
人口学 | 175篇 |
丛书文集 | 8篇 |
理论方法论 | 289篇 |
综合类 | 16篇 |
社会学 | 1493篇 |
统计学 | 195篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 11篇 |
2022年 | 9篇 |
2021年 | 18篇 |
2020年 | 56篇 |
2019年 | 72篇 |
2018年 | 83篇 |
2017年 | 90篇 |
2016年 | 59篇 |
2015年 | 56篇 |
2014年 | 60篇 |
2013年 | 418篇 |
2012年 | 70篇 |
2011年 | 92篇 |
2010年 | 57篇 |
2009年 | 50篇 |
2008年 | 68篇 |
2007年 | 77篇 |
2006年 | 77篇 |
2005年 | 78篇 |
2004年 | 97篇 |
2003年 | 51篇 |
2002年 | 67篇 |
2001年 | 50篇 |
2000年 | 32篇 |
1999年 | 36篇 |
1998年 | 28篇 |
1997年 | 31篇 |
1996年 | 21篇 |
1995年 | 24篇 |
1994年 | 19篇 |
1993年 | 23篇 |
1992年 | 17篇 |
1991年 | 29篇 |
1990年 | 28篇 |
1989年 | 25篇 |
1988年 | 20篇 |
1987年 | 23篇 |
1986年 | 17篇 |
1985年 | 22篇 |
1984年 | 20篇 |
1983年 | 22篇 |
1982年 | 13篇 |
1981年 | 17篇 |
1980年 | 15篇 |
1979年 | 7篇 |
1978年 | 14篇 |
1977年 | 7篇 |
1976年 | 10篇 |
1975年 | 6篇 |
1973年 | 6篇 |
排序方式: 共有2320条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
41.
Randall Lutter Linda Abbott Rick Becker Chris Borgert Ann Bradley Gail Charnley Susan Dudley Alan Felsot Nancy Golden George Gray Daland Juberg Mary Mitchell Nancy Rachman Lorenz Rhomberg Keith Solomon Stephen Sundlof Kate Willett 《Risk analysis》2015,35(2):186-192
Federal and other regulatory agencies often use or claim to use a weight of evidence (WoE) approach in chemical evaluation. Their approaches to the use of WoE, however, differ significantly, rely heavily on subjective professional judgment, and merit improvement. We review uses of WoE approaches in key articles in the peer‐reviewed scientific literature, and find significant variations. We find that a hypothesis‐based WoE approach, developed by Lorenz Rhomberg et al., can provide a stronger scientific basis for chemical assessment while improving transparency and preserving the appropriate scope of professional judgment. Their approach, while still evolving, relies on the explicit specification of the hypothesized basis for using the information at hand to infer the ability of an agent to cause human health impacts or, more broadly, affect other endpoints of concern. We describe and endorse such a hypothesis‐based WoE approach to chemical evaluation. 相似文献
42.
Angela Swift Joan Webster Annette Mary Conroy Sue Hampton Sarah Jane Kirby Lee Minuzzo Rebecca Kimble 《Women and birth : journal of the Australian College of Midwives》2014,27(3):163-167
BackgroundSevere perineal tears sustained during childbirth cause significant distress and morbidity amongst women. The objective of this study was to compare the use of straight scissors for cutting an episiotomy with the use of curved scissors, which are designed to curve away from the anal sphincter.MethodsWe used a single-centre, randomised feasibility trial. The intervention was the use of curved scissors. Women were recruited during a prenatal visit and randomised in the delivery suite, when it became clear that an episiotomy was required. The feasibility outcomes were the proportion of women able to be recruited, randomised and followed up. We also calculated the incidence of obstetric anal sphincter injury when either straight or curved scissors were used to cut an episiotomy. Other outcomes assessed were pain, length of hospital stay, perineal infection and perineal dehiscence.ResultsOf the 155 patients recruited in the prenatal period, only 20 (12.9%) were eventually randomised at birth. The main reasons for the high loss were that women either did not have a vaginal delivery (38, 24.5%), or they did not need an episiotomy (72, 46.5%). Rates of obstetric anal sphincter injury and other outcomes were similar between groups.DiscussionAnal sphincter injury during childbirth remains an important problem. Although the use of curved scissors provides a theoretical solution, we found that the high attrition rate made feasibility of conducting a suitably powered, randomised trial using the current design untenable. Alternative strategies have been suggested to make any future study more viable. 相似文献
43.
Mary Fulbrook 《Social history》2013,38(3):249-264
44.
45.
Ellen Meier Mary Beth Miller William V. Lechner Nate Lombardi Kasey R. Claborn Thad R. Leffingwell 《Journal of American college health : J of ACH》2013,61(5):324-329
AbstractObjective: To examine the efficacy of a self-affirmation task in deterring college alcohol misuse and the importance of preexisting beliefs in predicting subsequent behavior change. Participants: Heavy-drinking undergraduates (N = 110) participated during the 2011–2012 academic year. Methods: Participants were randomized to complete an affirmation or control task before reading an alcohol risk message. Alcohol-related beliefs and behaviors were assessed. Participants completed a 2-week online follow-up assessing alcohol-related behaviors. Results: Both groups reported increased perceived problem importance, but neither group displayed changes in personal risk. Follow-up assessment revealed similar, significant declines in peak consumption in both groups, with no significant between-group differences. Preexisting beliefs accounted for 5% to 10% of variance in drinking outcomes. Conclusions: An affirmation task does not seem to decrease defensive processing or alter high-risk drinking behaviors among college students and should not be utilized in lieu of more effective strategies. 相似文献
46.
ABSTRACT Homeless populations often suffer from mental illness, substance abuse, and criminality. Interventions, such as supportive housing, can have positive impacts, although benefits can be limited. This study examined outcomes for clients (N = 102) of a new supportive housing intervention. Use of formal treatment, jail contact, and community stability were compared pre- and post-housing. Jail bookings and residential substance abuse treatment significantly declined post-housing, while clients improved in income level, access to food, and housing stability. Results from official justice and treatment system data suggest that supportive housing can lead to significant changes. Future research is necessary to understand the relationship between client characteristics and outcomes. 相似文献
47.
This paper applies concepts from the sociology and anthropology of organizations to understand limits to the implementation of a more effective safety culture in the workplace. It highlights unintended consequences of combining bureaucratic control and shared governance and identifies sources of inertia within already existing safety cultures. The data come from focus group interviews with workers in a research and development facility of a multinational corporation in the Western U.S. It is found that safety protocols, rules, and rhetoric, combined with efforts to give workers more responsibility for safety in the workplace, create tendencies toward worker alienation, shame with regard to injuries, complacency, and fear of bureaucratic processes. Therefore it appears that some efforts to create safety culture in the workplace may unintentionally undermine the goal of manufacturing safety. 相似文献
48.
49.
Mbilinyi LF Neighbors C Walker DD Roffman RA Zegree J Edleson J O'Rourke A 《Research on social work practice》2011,21(1):43-56
OBJECTIVE: To preliminarily evaluate telephone-delivered motivational enhancement therapy (MET) in motivating unadjudicated and nontreatment seeking intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetrators, who also use substances, to self-refer into treatment. METHOD: 124 adult men were recruited via a multimedia marketing campaign and were randomly assigned to the intervention (MET) or comparison group following a baseline assessment. Participants in the MET condition received a personalized feedback report on their IPV and substance-use behaviors, consequences, and social norms beliefs. RESULTS: Results supported the likely effectiveness of MET in short-term reduction of IPV behavior, increasing motivation for treatment seeking, and changing perceived norms for IPV and substance abuse (SA). CONCLUSIONS: Applications for brief MET interventions to facilitate voluntary treatment entry among substance-using IPV perpetrators are discussed. 相似文献
50.
Neighbors C Lostutter TW Whiteside U Fossos N Walker DD Larimer ME 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2007,23(3):259-273
Two studies examined the relationships among injunctive norms and college student gambling. In study 1 we evaluated the accuracy
of perceptions of other students’ approval of gambling and the relationship between perceived approval and gambling behavior.
In study 2 we evaluated gambling behavior as a function of perceptions of approval of other students, friends, and family.
In study 1, which included 2524 college students, perceptions of other students’ approval of gambling were found to be overestimated
and were negatively associated with gambling behavior. The results of study 2, which included 565 college students, replicated the findings of
study 1 and revealed positive associations between gambling behavior and perceived approval of friends and family. Results highlight the complexity of
injunctive norms and the importance of considering the reference group (e.g., peers, friends, family members) in their evaluation.
Results also encourage caution in considering the incorporation of injunctive norms in prevention and intervention approaches. 相似文献