Will It Be Silence and Violence or Safety and Prevention for the Next Generation of Gay Youth?

Rates of unprotected anal intercourse and HIV infection are alarmingly high among young gay males. This second wave of infection indicates that traditional models for AIDS education are not working. AIDS educators need to rethink HIV-prevention efforts. Studies consistently find a high level of knowledge about HIV transmission and high levels of commitment to safer sex among gay males, but what accounts for the breakdown between safer sex intentions and practices among them? This article employs social constructionist and queer theoretical assertions that sexuality is socially and culturally produced in complicated and pluralist ways. The analysis examines how risky sexual situations shape young gay males' sexualities by exploring two examples selected to represent, alternatively, models of safer sexual and unsafe sexual trajectories. Implications for HIV prevention practices and policies are discussed.     

Le syndicat des travailleurs domestiques de Rio de Janeiro : un observatoire des transformations de l'emploi domestique au Brésil

This study of the major dimensions of actions undertaken by the labor union for household employees in Rio de Janeiro shows how the new “social rights” extended to these personal service workers has led to a new sense of what is “fair” and to an increase in lawsuits with employers. Given its place in labor relations courts, the union's position is ambivalent. Light is shed on the tensions between various categories of persons who visit the union's offices — tensions that tell us much about social relations. Attention is then turned to this small organization's role in labor courts: after cases have been heard, household employees often have a feeling that their rights have been upheld.     

Dueling,Dancing, or Dominating? Journalists and Their Sources

The study of journalism has long included a close examination of who gets to be a news source. With their privileging of the objectivity paradigm and distrust of direct reportorial experience, journalists turn to outside sources to provide evidence for their accounts. But this is not a mere exchange of information; patterns of news sourcing confer authority and legitimacy on certain sources or groups while ignoring others. Over time, sourcing routines reinforce notions of who possesses social power. This essay reviews conceptualizations of how journalist–source dynamics result in the production of certain representations of the way things are. Three perspectives receive attention: viewing the journalist–source relationship as symbiotic and mutually beneficial, as dominated by sources who set the cultural definition of events and problems, and as marked by incessant competition over news access and the ability to shape news frames. While the work on news sources has been extremely productive in conceptualizing the relationship between definitional power and journalism, the shifting media environment requires renewed attention to the relationship between journalists and their sources.     

Occupational Segregation and the Gender Gap in Workplace Authority: National Versus Local Labor Markets

Previous research linking occupational gender segregation to the workplace authority gap assumes that the effect of gender composition is invariant across occupations, ignoring the important distinction of whether an occupation's relevant labor market is local or national. We offer a new method for defining occupational labor markets and hypothesize that the effect of occupation gender composition on the authority gap will be strongest in national labor market occupations. Both sexes' odds of possessing work authority decline with the representation of women; this effect is strongest in the more desirable, national labor market occupations. Assuming occupations are part of one labor market results in understating the gender composition penalty for national labor market occupations.     

The effect of emigration on human capital formation

This paper focuses on a possible effect of emigration on human capital formation. Emigration to a higher returns to skill country provides an incentive to invest in human capital. The level of human capital formation in the source country can therefore be positively correlated with the probability of emigration. Incidentally a surge in emigration can lead the source country out of an under-development trap. The implications of the model for the convergence controversy are also discussed. Received: 16 July 1997/Accepted: 28 July 1998     

Comparing sexual behavioral patterns between two bathhouses: implications for HIV prevention intervention policy

There is a glaring lack of data to inform culturally appropriate HIV prevention interventions targeting environments such as bathhouses where men who have sex with men (MSM) practice sexual risk behaviors. This study compares sexual behavioral patterns across two bathhouse sites in order to identify important themes to address when tailoring HIV prevention interventions to bathhouse environments. We analyzed semi-structured interviews with workers and patrons at two bathhouses to explore similarities and differences. A coding scheme was established and data were organized according to conceptual themes. We found that differences between the two sites emerged in six key areas: bathhouse clientele, attraction to particular sites, sexual practices and condom use, communication about sex and HIV status, bathhouse rules, and substance use. Implications for HIV prevention intervention policy are discussed.     

Treatment issues pertaining to pathological gamblers with a comorbid disorder

Evidence of an increased risk for various psychiatric disorders among pathological gamblers far exceeds our understanding of the impact that this psychiatric comorbidity has on the outcome of treatment for pathological gambling. One major source of the problem is that treatment efficacy and effectiveness studies for pathological gambling typically have not addressed comorbidity's impact on outcome. This paper discusses epidemiological, clinical, health service delivery, and research issues pertaining to the intersection of pathological gambling treatment outcome and comorbid psychiatric disorders. It is argued that this topic suffers from major knowledge gaps in terms of the nature of comorbidity of pathological gambling and other psychiatric disorders and the role of client characteristics on treatment outcome for pathological gambling. Research priorities are identified.     

The SERVICE Framework: A Public‐service‐dominant Approach to Sustainable Public Services

In this paper we argue that the new public management has been a flawed paradigm for public services delivery that has produced very internally efficient but externally ineffective public service organizations. Subsequently we develop the SERVICE framework for sustainable public services and public service organizations. This framework is rooted within the public‐service‐dominant business logic and emphasizes the need for a focus on external value creation rather than internal efficiency alone.