巫术的历史作用及其终结

巫术作为一种社会现象,在历史上曾起过一定的积极作用,如可以增强人类控制客观世界的意识,扩展人类控制客观世界的领域,增强人类战胜敌手的信心,此外还具有组织作用、道德教化作用、精神安慰作用、交流娱乐作用等.但一方面由于巫术的荒谬性,巫术一再失败,使人们对它失去了信心;另一方面,巫术的抽象功能被后来发展起来的宗教所代替,实用功能被科学所代替,因而,巫术在主流文化中的历史作用已经终结,但仍在文化的细枝末节中广泛存在着.     

The effects of income and inflation on personal satisfaction: Functional measurement in economic psychology

Controlled experimental designs and functional measurement procedures were used to study how people perceive the effects of changes in major economic variables. In experiment I one group of subjects rated economic well-being and another group of subjects rated personal satisfaction for a variety of economic scenarios described by variations in salary, rate of increase in salary (annual raise), and annual rate of inflation. Stimulus interaction effects were found for each response scale showing that there is not a simple subtractive relationship between wage gains and inflation in determining perceived economic impact. Experiment 2 further investigated the interactive effects of raise and inflation on personal satisfaction. Results were discussed in terms of two complementary psychological processes: a “negativity effect” whereby unfavorable levels of raise and inflation have disproportionate weight, and a comparison of raise and inflation rate whereby personal satisfaction is incremented disproportionately when raise changes from below the inflation rate to above the inflation rate. Psychological concepts revealed in this study were related to economic concepts of “elasticity of demand” and “money illusion”.     

Spectacles of Freedom: Public Manumissions,Political Rhetoric,and Citizen Mobilisation in Mid-Nineteenth-Century Colombia

This article rethinks the role of public manumission ceremonies and emancipation itself in mid-nineteenth-century Colombia as symbolic gestures designed to attract and be meaningful for audiences composed of citizens. Whereas scholars have focused on the presumed failures of the manumission juntas, the present study argues that their primary goal was not to free slaves but to create rituals of civic participation, embodiments of egalitarian citizenship, rhetoric of republican virtue, and propaganda for Liberal Party rule. By rendering slaves into symbols of citizens' interests and preoccupations, these spectacles obscured the role of slaves themselves in destroying slavery.     

Assessing symptoms of hypogonadism by self-administered questionnaire: qualitative findings in patients and controls

Background. Current screening instruments for hypogonadism lack adequate specificity and diagnostic accuracy. A new self-administered questionnaire of hypogonadism symptoms is being developed to address this need. The process for questionnaire development and results from the first (qualitative) phase are presented.

Methods. Qualitative interviews were conducted based on a new conceptual model of hypogonadism and according to standards for questionnaire development. An item pool was generated from focus groups and in-depth interviews with two groups of hypogonadal patients, treated (N = 26) and untreated (N = 26), and age-equivalent controls (N = 28). Standardized scoring of the qualitative interviews was used to confirm conceptual domains in the model and to generate questionnaire items for further validation.

Results. Key domains identified in both patients and controls included: (a) physical function; (b) bodily signs and symptoms; (c) sexual function and libido; (d) sleep function; (e) mood and affective function; (f) memory and cognitive function. The final domain is distress or bother associated with hypogonadism symptoms. This domain was only relevant to the patient groups.

Conclusions. The first stage in the design of a new hypogonadism screener has been completed. Seven domains were identified and draft items were developed in each domain according to current standards of patient-reported outcomes.     

Is there a physician union in your future?

Physician unions are in the news. Patient management and patient care decisions are increasingly being taken out of the hands of physicians and put into the hands of "The Suits." To take their case for a return to physician-driven patient care to the people, some physicians are joining unions. Some are even collectively bargaining for salary and other issues that are historically more closely associated with unions. The simple fact is that physician unions exist and the number of physicians joining them is expected to increase. What are the pros and cons of unionization? What motivates physicians to join unions, and what potential negative and positive factors are associated with physician unionization? This article reviews the pros and cons and the issues related to physician unions, for physicians attempting to answer the question, "Is there a union in my future?"     

基于行业与产业诉求的数字媒体艺术教育研究

作为一个与相关行业、产业密切联系的学科专业,数字媒体艺术专业教育具有着艺术与科技的双重属性。高等数字媒体艺术教育应高度重视该专业教育的行业性特征,积极探讨数字媒体艺术教育与相关行业、产业的互动关系,架构富于成效的专业人才培养模式与教学体系,在提升专业教学水平与质量的同时,为相关行业、产业输出更为合格与优秀的专业人才。     

交通工程专业实践教学环节的改革与完善

交通工程专业作为一门实践性很强的专业,毫无疑问,实验、实习等各实践环节对本专业的学生来讲是非常重要的,因此实践环节教学需要不断的改革与完善才能满足社会进步对人才技术水平不断提高的要求.交通工程主要研究道路设计施工与交通管理,其主要的实践环节有:交通工程认识实习、工程地质实习、测量实习、交通驾驶实习、道路建筑材料实验、道路勘测设计实习、毕业实习、毕业设计等多项实践环节的课程.作为新建专业这些实习、实验课程的安排难免存在一些问题,通过这几年的教学,交通工程专业逐渐完善了这些课程的教学计划和实习实验体制,并逐渐走向成熟.     

民族旅游开发与民族村寨文化保护及传承比较研究——基于贵州、湖北两省三个民族旅游村寨的田野调查

以贵州、湖北两省三个民族旅游村寨为典型个案,从共性与差异性两个视角分析了三个村寨旅游开发模式的异同,提出了两个核心命题:民族村寨旅游开发的实质是文化开发;民族村寨旅游开发中利弊并存,但利大于弊。提出实现民族文化开发与保护良性互动的对策为:构建有效的社区居民参与机制;从文化产品与文化空间两方面把握好文化开发的"度";因地制宜地选择实地民族文化村模式或异地民族文化村模式。     

"以德治国"与素质教育

当前在推进大学生素质教育的过程中 ,贯彻“以德治国”思想具有十分重要的现实意义。贯彻的具体内容就是要把爱国主义、集体主义和社会主义教育同中华民族的优秀文化传统结合起来。贯彻好“以德治国”思想 ,高校才能为社会主义现代化建设培养出德才兼备的合格人才