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171.
172.
Gender and Disability: Feminizing Male Employees with Visible Impairments in Danish Work Organizations
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Nanna Mik‐Meyer 《Gender, Work and Organization》2015,22(6):579-595
The purpose of this article is to examine how stereotypical gender perceptions relate to employees with physical impairments. This is done by investigating how employees and managers in 13 Danish work organizations draw on stereotypical perceptions of femininity when they talk about their colleague with cerebral palsy, and by examining how these stereotypical perceptions influence the work lives of the participating employees with cerebral palsy — as seen from their own perspective. The empirical point of departure is an interview study conducted in 2013 with 13 employees with cerebral palsy, 44 colleagues and 19 managers. In contrast to the findings of much research on gender and work, this study finds that stereotypically feminized perceptions of employees with cerebral palsy as weak, in need of help, etc., are linked to the impairments of the employee rather than his or her biological sex or the specific gender norms of the particular industry. The analysis of this article thus contributes to increase our understanding of gender processes in work organizations. More specifically, the article shows how impairments intersect with gender perceptions; in this case how the study participants with cerebral palsy are expected to relate to and reproduce stereotypically female behaviour — regardless of their biological sex. 相似文献
173.
Albert D. Farrell Terri N. Sullivan Layla E. Esposito Aleta L. Meyer Robert F. Valois 《Journal of research on adolescence》2005,15(2):179-204
Latent growth curve analysis was used to examine the structure and interrelations among aggression, drug use, and delinquent behavior during early adolescence. Five waves of data were collected from 667 students at three urban middle schools serving a predominantly African American population, and from a more ethnically diverse sample of 950 students at four rural middle schools. One set of models focused on changes in individual behaviors; the other on changes in a global problem behavior factor. Models with separate growth trajectories for aggression, drug use, and delinquent behavior provided the best fit for both samples and revealed relations between initial levels of aggression and subsequent changes in the other behaviors. Boys and girls differed in their initial levels of these behaviors, but not their patterns of change. Differences in growth curve trajectories were found across samples. These findings have important implications for assessment and prevention of problem behaviors in adolescents. 相似文献
174.
Many nonprofits assist in emergency response and disaster relief to alleviate human suffering. In order to enhance those efforts and the maintenance of routine nonprofit operations, this article introduces the concept of continuity planning. Continuity planning does not focus on specific risks, such as floods or hurricanes, but on the maintenance of critical operational processes despite natural, anthropogenic, or technological interruptions. Continuity planning has yet to be widely applied within the nonprofit sector, primarily due to a lack of fiscal or personnel resources. This article explores several continuity‐planning options for nonprofits and provides a brief explanation of the process. 相似文献
175.
David Meyer 《Journal of Labor Research》1994,15(1):33-51
This study develops and tests three long-standing propositions about the relationship between grievance-handling behavior
and political outcomes in a local union: (1) more favorable grievance handling enhances the steward’s likelihood of re-election;
(2) the more the political support obtained in an election, the greater the steward’s ability to affect grievance outcomes
favorably; and (3) as the relationship between management and the union evolves, grievance handling becomes more efficient
and effective. Data on grievances and election results of Ford-UAW Local 400 from the 1950s were used to test hypotheses derived
from these propositions; most received substantial, significant support. 相似文献
176.
Margaret M. Canavan Walter J. Meyer Deborah C. Higgs 《Journal of marital and family therapy》1992,18(2):129-142
The occurrence of sibling incest is underrecognized, and its impact is debated. Professionals may be inadequately sensitized to its occurrence since it is considered less traumatic to victims than other forms of incest and assigning responsibility in such contact between minors is difficult. Survivors may be unlikely to reveal such a history because of guilt and shame. Four case presentations of females who expereinced sibling incest illustrate problem areas, including issues of enforced secrecy, interpersonal power differentials, influences on sexual development, individual aftereffects, disturbance in family dynamics, and genderbased differences in relationship styles. Recommendations for identification and treatment are included. 相似文献
177.
Ilan Meyer Francine Cournos Maureen Empfield Howell Schrage Michael Silver Myrna Rubin Alan Weinstock 《Journal of Social Distress and the Homeless》1993,2(2):103-116
Two related studies were carried out at a state psychiatric center unit designed for the long-term hospitalization of homeless mentally ill people removed from the streets of New York City and taken to hospitals for psychiatric treatment. The first study, a chart review of 102 patients, documented high rates of severe psychiatric illness, alcohol and other substance use, and untreated medical problems. Patient histories showed significant social disadvantages, including high rates of criminal activity and inability to complete high school or establish long-term relationships. Our second study anonymously tested 87 patients between the ages of 18 and 59 for the presence of HIV antibodies. An overall seroprevalence rate of 5.8% is reported. Men and women in this population are likely to have similar rates of HIV infection. Being young, and Black, or Hispanic appears to be associated with increased risk. This disenfranchised population urgently needs a broad array of social, medical, and psychiatric services. Assertive community outreach programs are necessary to assure delivery of services to this population. 相似文献
178.
Previous analysis using aggregate data has concluded that union decertification activity is “exclusively a product of market
conditions.” We employ data disaggregated by local (county) labor market which permits a preliminary investigation of the
importance of potential nonmarket influences that are not measurable using aggregate data, namely, the type of bargaining
unit, the type of union, the type of employer, and proxies for union resources. It also allows a more precise specification
of the labor market characteristics previously found to influence decertification. Our results confirm the importance of market
conditions in decertification activity and outcomes, but they also suggest that the likelihood of decertification is much
greater in independent unions and in industry-county combinations in which the typical employee works part-time and has limited
alternative income opportunities. Institutional characteristics of the union and employer, individual characteristics of bargaining
unit members, and local economic conditions are important determinants of decertification. 相似文献
179.
In recent decades, the individual has become more and more central in both national and world cultural accounts of the operation of society. This continues a long historical process, intensified by the consolidation of a more global polity and the weakening of the primordial sovereignty of the national state. Increasingly, society is culturally rooted in the natural, historical, and spiritual worlds through the individual, rather than through corporate entities or groups. The shift has produced a proliferation and specification of individual roles, accounting for what individuals do in society. It has also produced an expansion in recognized individual personhood, accounting for who individuals are in the extrasocial cosmos and fueling elaborated personal tastes and preferences. Where it has been contested, the shift to the individual has also produced a rise in specializing identities (e.g., in such domains as ethnicity or gender). These offer accounts of individuals' distinctive linkages to the cosmos, and they serve to bolster individual claims to standard roles and personhood. Over time, specializing identities tend to get absorbed into roles and personhood. And in turn, expanded roles and personhood provide further bases for specializing identity claims. Because many theorists mischaracterize the relationship of specializing identities to roles and personhood, the literature often overemphasizes the anomic character of the identity explosion and the closeness of the coupling between social roles and identity claims. On the contrary, specializing identities tend to be edited to remain within general rules of individual personhood and to be disconnected from the obligations involved in institutionalized roles. 相似文献
180.
Daniel R. Meyer Christine Skinner Jacqueline Davidson 《Children and youth services review》2011,33(10):1804-1812
Family complexity creates difficulties for child support policy. We examine whether policy in 14 countries results in nonresident parents having equal financial obligations to children in different complex family situations. We find that when a nonresident parent owes support to two nonresident children in different families, the most common policy is to have unequal obligations favoring the older child. However, nearly as many countries achieve equal orders, but do so by reducing the obligation to the older child. When a nonresident parent has one nonresident child and a new resident child, the most common strategy is to reduce the obligation to the older nonresident child, but to make no attempt to equalize obligations for both children. Each of the four main policy strategies we identify has advantages; tradeoffs among three principles of equality, affordability of obligations and protecting the first child's standard of living are discussed. 相似文献