Increment–Decrement Life Table Estimates of Happy Life Expectancy for the U.S. Population

Using large nationally representative longitudinal data on changes in happiness and mortality and multivariate increment–decrement life tables, we assess length of quality life through cohort estimates of happy life expectancies. We examine population-based and status-based life expectancies in absolute term of years and relative term of proportions. We find that happy life expectancies exceed unhappy life expectancies in both absolute and relative terms for the overall population and population in each state of happiness at any given age. Being happy (as opposed to unhappy) at any age brings a longer life and more of the future life spent in happiness. We also examine social differentials in the estimates of happy life expectancy at each age by sex, race, and education. The educational gap in happy life expectancies is larger than the sex and race gaps. For the better educated, longer life consists of a longer happy life and shorter unhappy life in both years and proportions and regardless of happy or unhappy status at any given age.     

中国哲学共同体的“诗词作业”与“心灵审美”

<正>有些习焉不察的现象,一旦深究起来,结论往往令人吃惊。譬如,本文写作之际,原本以为我们这个共同体就自身素质问题早已积累了相当数量的研究文献,可谷歌搜寻"中国哲学从业者素质",     

中国现阶段环境约束下的适度经济增长率研究——基于废气排放量视角的分析

经济发展与环境污染的关系历来都是一对不可回避的矛盾,也是学术界研究的热点,国内外大多数学者都在考察人均GDP与环境污染的库兹涅茨曲线,但对于环境与经济增长率的关系却很少有人研究。首先建立环境变量与经济增长率关系的变参数状态空间模型,并将建立的状态空间模型转化成线性规划中的决策方程,之后应用参数区间估计和集合论两种方法,通过约束相应的变量及变量的系数来估计中国现阶段环境约束下的适度经济增长率。     

Deconstructing maternal sensitivity: Predictive relations to mother‐child attachment in home and laboratory settings

Despite the well‐documented importance of parental sensitivity for child development, there is a lack of consensus regarding how best to assess it. We investigated the factor structure of maternal caregiving behavior as assessed at 12 months by the Maternal Behavior Q‐Sort (Pederson & Moran) with 274 mother‐infant dyads. Subsequently, we examined associations between these empirically‐derived dimensions and child attachment, assessed in the home and laboratory (final N = 157). Three dimensions of maternal behavior were identified, corresponding fairly closely to Ainsworth's original scales. They were labeled Cooperation/Attunement, Positivity, and Accessibility/Availability. Only Cooperation/Attunement consistently predicted home‐based attachment at 15 months and 2 years, and at comparable strength to the overall sensitivity score, suggesting that this construct may be central to sensitivity. At 18 months, compared to their primarily secure counterparts, different types of laboratory‐assessed insecure attachment were associated with different patterns of maternal behavior. Mothers in avoidant relationships (n = 18) were low on Cooperation/Attunement and Accessibility/Availability, but fairly high on Positivity. Mothers of disorganized infants (n = 11) were Cooperative/Attuned but somewhat less Positive toward, and less Accessible/Available to, their infants. A multidimensional approach to parental behavior may facilitate the identification of parenting precursors of insecure parent‐child relationships.     

以社会主义核心价值体系推进高校大学生思想政治教育

当前高校大学生的思想政治教育遇到了许多问题和挑战，教育效果不理想，特别是在价值观念上存在一些矛盾认识和不正确观点，制约了大学生的健康成长。因此如何有效地对大学生进行社会主义核心价值体系教育，推进高校思想政治教育新局面是当前高校思想政治教育的首要任务。     

感染的力量及其魅力——王宓藏族画作赏析

将西藏列入自己的创作题材范畴,王宓并非第一人,只是他很快就从中提炼出一套具有个人鲜明气质的绘画语言.这套语言源自他独特的心路,呈现着他别具一格的现实关照,也就注定其创作无人再能重复.综观王宓的西藏题材画作,会发现其一律不宜以"优美"来概括,而必得饰以"壮美"方才名至实归.那是一种气势磅礴的恢弘大气之美,那是一种阳光弥漫的生机蓬勃之美.当这样的美感一旦投射到观者的视线,一种显著的感染力就会油然而生,令人顿觉一片亮堂堂的明朗与开阔.     

Google数字图书馆的SWOT分析

本文通过导入SWTO的分析方法，分析Google数字图书馆计划开展的过程中面临着众多的问题和挑战。     

试论新闻发言人语言风格

语言风格是人的风格在语言上的一种体现,也是语言使用者在交际中内在和外在最高层次的反映和表达,是＂成于内而形于外＂的结合。新闻发言人语言风格的形成有主观、客观两方面原因。风格要素往往是综合到一起影响风格的形成。     

How Couples Manage Interracial and Intercultural Differences: Implications for Clinical Practice

This study focused on how couples managed their interracial and intercultural differences. To understand their experiences, a qualitative grounded theory analysis was used (n = 17). Analysis revealed that couples experienced most issues as cultural issues; race only occurred during their interactions with “others.” They appeared to organize their responses according to four relationship structures: Integrated, Singularly Assimilated, Coexisting, and Unresolved. Couples in each of these structures managed daily process through four sets of relationship strategies: (a) creating a “we,” (b) framing differences, (c) emotional maintenance, and (d) positioning in relationship to familial and societal context. These findings are a step toward a strength‐based and research‐informed education and clinical interventions for this population. Video Abstract