生态行政学:理论源流、分化及其困顿

由于生态环境的恶化,政府和公民迫切需要行动起来,以应对日益严峻的生存危机.在反思工业文明的过程中,具有后现代情境的生态主义为生态行政理论提供了实践理性的基础.生态政治的核心价值和现实偏向以及行政生态理论的历史发展,均催化着生态行政理论的萌芽.由于概念认定和价值趋向的差异,以及范式转换和治理领域悖论的存在,生态行政研究亦呈现出分化、多元化与发展的困顿.生态行政理论应在整体性与共生性的原则下着力提升治理系统的开放性和必要的多样性,以应对环境领域日益严峻的复杂性与不确定性.     

Shy but Getting By? An Examination of the Complex Links Among Shyness,Coping, and Socioemotional Functioning in Childhood

The purpose of the current study was to test a conceptual model of the mediated and moderated associations among shyness, coping strategies, and socioemotional functioning in middle childhood. Participants were 358 children (177 boys) aged 9–13 years (M = 10.16 years, SD =.95). Children completed self‐report assessments of shyness, coping style in response to a social stressor, internalizing problems, and peer difficulties. Among the results, shyness was positively associated with internalizing symptoms and negatively related to perceptions of peer difficulties. However, both of these associations were partially mediated by internalizing coping styles. Moreover, problem‐solving coping moderated these mediated pathways: among children who reported higher levels of problem‐solving coping, the associations between internalizing coping and outcomes were attenuated. Several gender differences also emerged, suggesting that problem‐solving coping may be particularly useful for shy boys. Results are discussed in terms of the complex but potentially critical role of coping in shy children's socioemotional functioning.     

The Political Implementation of Habermas''s Moral Self-discipline Theory——To Discuss with Professor Yao Dazhi

哈贝马斯的政治哲学是其实践哲学、也就是道德自律学说在政治生活领域的运用和实现。姚大志撇开哈氏整体的实践哲学体系,单在政治哲学文献中寻找内在逻辑,造成了一系列错误。哈氏政治哲学的逻辑是:主体间交往实践生成主体,因此主体间交往(公共商谈)既是开放的,又是自律的;法律的开放性是私人自律与公共自律的通道,也是道德自律的政治实现的途径。坚持哲学对政治的参与,体现了黑格尔和马克思哲学传统对哈贝马斯的影响。     

Novel Funding Paradigm for Social Work Services in China: Reflections on the Guangzhou Experience

Three decades of Chinese economic modernization created wonders that transform the living of the population. Yet economic affluence also spawns juggernauts of new social ills, and mounting social tensions emerge from widening inequalities between the wealthy and the less privileged. Local governments are under intense pressure to identify new approaches to addressing new social problems such as rising unemployment, elderly neglect, and juvenile delinquency through social management. This article recapitulates some of the experience of non‐governmental organizations through collaborating with the authorities, in pioneering social work services using new mode of public funding mechanism.     

Exposure to Traffic and Risk of Hospitalization Due to Injuries

Research on the risk of motor vehicle injuries and their relationship with the amount of travel has been only partially analyzed. The few individual exposure assessments are related to very specific subsets of the driving and traveling populations. This study analyzes the relationship between kilometers traveled and hospitalization due to motor vehicle injuries. Twelve thousand three hundred and sixty nine Spanish university graduates from the Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra multipurpose cohort study were evaluated. They had not been hospitalized due to motor vehicle injuries at baseline and were followed up to eight years. Biannual questionnaires allowed for self‐reporting of kilometers traveled in motor vehicles, together with incidence of hospitalization. Covariates in the Cox regression models included age and gender and baseline use of safety belt while driving, driving a vehicle with driver‐side airbag, driving a motorcycle, and drinking and driving. There were 49,766 participant‐years with an average yearly travel of 7,828 km per person‐year. Thirty‐six subjects reported a first hospitalization event during this time. The adjusted hazard ratio per additional kilometer traveled was 1.00005 (95% confidence interval 1.000013 to 1.000086). Even the smallest of reductions in the amount of kilometers traveled (from an average of 3,250 km per year to 1,000) has a statistically significant protective effect on the likelihood of sustaining hospitalization due to motor vehicle injury (aHR 0.9, 95% CI 0.78 to 0.98). In light of current policies aimed to reduce motorized traffic due to environmental concerns, it may be appropriate to consider the additional health benefit related to reductions in injuries.     

"五都"选后岛内政局走向探析

2010年11月27日,岛内进行"五都"选举,国民党取得台北、新北、台中三席,民进党保住高雄、台南两市.由于岛内政治势力都对此次选举高度重视,因而选举结果对岛内政局及两岸关系的和平发展都将产生深远的影响.一是"蓝消绿长"态势趋缓,国、民两党实力趋于平衡.此次选举,国民党如愿守住三市,尤其打赢了关键性的"台北保卫战",有助于其稳住阵脚,止住实力急剧下滑的不利趋势;民进党方面虽然没有取得预定目标,但是保住高雄、台南两市,且得票率和得票数反超国民党,生命力和战斗力明显加强.二是蓝绿双双危机感加重,未来"保权"与"夺权"之争将异常激烈.国民党方面,其总得票数少于民进党,在北部的领先优势缩小,在南部的差距拉大;民进党方面,在气势如虹的状态下未能实现预期目标,在南部还一度出现了党内分裂的危机.因此,面对2012年大选,两党的危机感都在加重.三是岛内二元政治格局已成,第三势力发展空间有限,中间选民的选择将对选举产生越来越大的影响.四是和平发展两岸关系的潮流无法逆转,但是未来发展的变数仍多.此次选举结果有助于增强马英九继续发展两岸关系的决心,但在今后的选举中,两岸关系仍然可能成为一个敏感议题被进行政治操弄.五是此次选举,陈致中高票当选高雄市议员,江志铭当选台北市议员等等,显示"台独"势力在今后很长一个时期都不会自行消亡或沉寂,必须高度警惕.     

South Korean College Students' Holland Types and Career Compromise Processes

This study explored South Korean college students' career compromise processes and examined whether preferences for sex type, prestige, or interests would be differentiated by Holland theme interest types, gender, or college major. Participants were South Korean undergraduate students from 2 universities in Seoul, South Korea. They were asked to choose 1 occupation from each of 168 pairs of occupations using a forced‐choice format. A total of 376 surveys were analyzed. There were significant main effects for Holland interest types and for gender but not for college major on their career compromise processes. Implications for career counselors and researchers are discussed.     

韩国板索里说唱文学的多元因素

韩国板索里说唱产生于17世纪末18世纪初,在三百多年的发展历程中,经过历代艺人们的不断加工,其唱词和道白杂糅了生动的百姓用语和丰富的文学语言,集大众文化和精英文化于一身,宣扬了千百年来韩国民众所信奉的至情、至善等普世价值观念。板索里不仅令显赫的王亲国戚达官贵人们驻足,也可以使卑微的引车卖浆者陶醉,典雅的汉文化色彩和戏谑狂欢的原生态色彩的调和,体现了板索里这一民间艺术亦庄亦谐的多元化追求。     

Dream Recall Frequency and Unusual Dream Experiences in Early Adolescence: Longitudinal Links to Behavior Problems

Unique dream patterns are related to psychopathological distress in adults. In adolescence, this was investigated almost exclusively regarding nightmares. This longitudinal study examines developmental trajectories of various adolescent‐reported dream patterns, and their associations with parent‐reported psychopathology (internalization and externalization problems) in early adolescence. Ninety‐four 10‐ to 11‐year‐old normally developing children completed a week of sleep, dreaming, and pubertal development assessments. Parents reported behavior problems. Assessments were repeated after 1 and 2 years. Reports of unusual dreams decreased over time, and dream recall decreased among girls. Internalizing symptoms longitudinally predicted an increase in dream recall and unusual dreams. Moreover, unusual dreams longitudinally predicted increased behavior problems (internalization and externalization). Assessing dream patterns during early adolescence may help early detection of covert psychopathological distress.