Development of dual technology roadmap (TRM) for open innovation: Structure and typology

Today, innovation is no longer viewed as taking place within a single firm – but opening up the innovation process is still not a simple task. In open innovation, the mechanisms of incorporating external resources into the development process need to be carefully managed. This paper suggests a dual technology roadmap (TRM) that considers both internal and external firms. First, we introduce the concept of a dual TRM that considers partner resources as well as internal resources. Second, we suggest the structure of a dual TRM that uses dual planning objects. Third, three types of dual TRM are suggested, with three case examples.     

A heuristic algorithm for minimizing maintenance workforce level

We develop a heuristic algorithm for minimizing the workforce level required to accommodate all the maintenance jobs requested within a specific time interval. Each maintenance job has its own release and due dates as well as the required man-days, and must be scheduled in a noninterrupted time interval, i.e. without preemption. However, the duration of each job is not fixed, but to be determined within a specific range. We show that this problem can be seen as a variant of the two-dimensional bin-packing problem with some additional constraints. We develop a non-linear mixed integer programming model for the proposed problem, and employ some well-known bin-packing algorithms to develop an efficient heuristic algorithm. In order to evaluate the performance of the proposed heuristic, we present a computationally efficient scheme for getting a good lower bound for the actual minimum. The computational experiment shows that the proposed heuristic algorithm performs quite satisfactorily in practice.     

How power relations structure the evaluation process for HRD Programmes

Centring on the impact of power and politics embedded in the evaluation of training programmes, this study aimed to understand how organizational power relations affect the evaluation process for a training programme. A qualitative case study for the managerial leadership development programme of a Korean insurance company was designed. The HRD practitioners held control throughout the evaluation, and their dominant power was maintained and reproduced by other stakeholders' recognition of their expertise in training and development area. However, due to the structural relationship between the HRD unit and the corporate management, the HRD practitioners perceived themselves as marginalized. Unequal power relations were sustained in the evaluation mostly by stakeholders' self-regulation of their conduct in terms of norms, standards and expectations about their roles. This study found that despite the immense criticism of reaction measures, their continuing use in evaluation could be traced to their meaning as a political bargaining tool.     

Precarious employment among South Korean women: Insights from a comparison to France

Family responsibilities for women are often associated with precarious employment. This relation varies depending on whether women can reconcile family life and work or not. Based on the Korean Labor and Income Panel Study from 1998 to 2008 and on the French part of the European Community Household Panel between 1998 and 2001, a multiple correspondence analysis shows that precariousness in employment is correlated with family life and levels of education. The better conditions of work-family balance in France enable young mothers to combine family life with stable employment of good quality, which is not the case for South Korean women. The comparison of the two countries highlights the necessary reforms in favor of women’s better being.     

Survivalist Modernity and the Logic of Its Governmentality

In this article, I analyze the governmental discourses of Chung-Hee Park, drawing on Walter Benjamin's concept of the archeology of dreams. Following Benjamin, I argue that modern Korea has been shaped largely under the prevailing influence of survivalism, viewed as a principle of governmentality as well as a collective mentality. Since the late 19th century the Korean peninsula has been enmeshed in enduring geopolitico-economic threats. The Cold War brought about suffering through the Korean War, which was carried over into an authoritarian and developmental state. Finally, under the hegemony of neoliberalism at the end of the 20th century, Koreans once again underwent a collective crisis of survival. Here, I focus on Cold War survivalism and explore the discourses of Chung-Hee Park as representative texts exemplifying the logic and rationale of survivalist governmentality. Viewed as the most influential figure of 20th-century Korea, Park crystallized and implemented a survivalist governmentality, the fundamental logic of which can be delineated in the following four axioms: (i) the transcendental structure of problems, (ii) kairotic time, (iii) the praxeology of power, and (iv) the sovereign leader. These four constitute the specific narrative of national survival that functioned as a blueprint for building up the developmental Korean state.     

Language Acculturation,Acculturation‐Related Stress,and Marital Quality in Chinese American Couples

The current study examines the longitudinal indirect pathways linking language acculturation to marital quality. Three waves of data were collected from 416 Chinese American couples for 8 years (M_age.wave1 = 48 for husbands, 44 for wives). Actor–partner interdependence model analyses revealed that for both husbands and wives, lower levels of language acculturation were associated with higher levels of stress over being stereotyped as a perpetual foreigner. Individuals' foreigner stress, in turn, was directly related to greater levels of their own and their partners' marital warmth, suggesting that foreigner stress may have some positive relational effects. However, individuals' foreigner stress also was associated with increases in their own depressive symptoms, which predicted higher levels of marital hostility in the partner. Overall, these results underscore the complexity of how language acculturation and foreigner stress relate to marital quality and the importance of considering the interdependence of the marital system.     

The origins of distant voicing: Examining relational dimensions in public diplomacy and their effects on megaphoning

Extant literature has discussed the similarities between public relations and public diplomacy. This study seeks to contribute to existing research on the application of organization–public relationships (OPR) to public diplomacy by further exploring relational dimensions in public diplomacy and empirically testing them based on a model consisting of antecedents (i.e., political, economic, interpersonal, cultural and corporate interactions), relational dimensions (i.e., interactional bilateralism, power mutuality, trust, empathy, relational satisfaction, relational continuation, relational attentiveness and relational curiosity), and consequences (i.e., positive and negative megaphoning). A total of 490 respondents from the United States were recruited on Amazon M-Turk to respond to survey items regarding China and Mexico. Confirmatory factor analysis and regression analysis were conducted. The findings indicate: (a) positive associations between the antecedents and the relational dimensions, (b) positive associations between the relational dimensions and positive megaphoning, and (c) negative associations between the relational dimensions and negative megaphoning. (148 words)     

Engaged or Disengaged? Examining the Relationship Between Electoral Ambivalence and Indicators of Political Engagement in the 2012 U.S. Election

This study uses uncertainty theories to examine the relationship between presidential electoral ambivalence and three political belief variables: internal efficacy, skepticism, and apathy. We propose that the relationship between ambivalence, which is an indicator of uncertainty, and information-seeking intentions should be mediated by our political belief variables. Our proposed model suggests that presidential electoral ambivalence is characteristic of a disengaged citizenry, with ambivalence correlating with lower levels of internal efficacy and skepticism in a cross-sectional analysis. We also found ambivalence associated with higher levels of apathy in this same analysis. Moreover, we found an over-time indirect effect of ambivalence on information seeking through internal efficacy.