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91.
This study examines the effect of unionization, right-to-work laws, and participation of women in the labor force on income
inequality. Two distinct models are developed using 1970 and 1980 census data on the 50 states in the U.S. First, an income
inequality model is specified as a beta distribution of the second kind to estimate Gini measures of income inequality. Second,
these Gini estimates are used in a simultaneous equations model. The 1970 results indicate that higher unionization rates
decreased inequality while right-to-work laws increased inequality. In 1980, the measure of inequality was lower in states
with higher female labor force participation.
We thank an unknown referee and the editor for comments and criticisms that greatly improved the paper. The usual caveat applies. 相似文献
92.
DEAN M.YOUNG PATRICK L. ODELL JOHN W. SEAMAN JR. 《Australian & New Zealand Journal of Statistics》1994,36(1):95-100
We present an explicit characterization of the joint dependency structure of an n×p matrix normal random matrix such that the p-dimensional sample mean vector is independent of all translation invariant statistics. 相似文献
93.
94.
UNDERSTANDING MAIL SURVEY RESPONSE BEHAVIOR A META-ANALYSIS 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
YAMMARINO FRANCIS J.; SKINNER STEVEN J.; CHILDERS TERRY L. 《Public opinion quarterly》1991,55(4):613-639
A meta-analysis of prior studies of techniques designed to inducemail survey response rates was conducted. Research encompassing184 effects (study outcomes) in 115 studies (articles) for 17predictors of response rate was examined. The average effectsize across all manipulations was r=.065, indicating an averageincrease of about 6.5 percent in response rates for manipulations.Effect sizes for specific predictors and two potential moderatorsof effects were examined. Results indicated that repeated contactsin the form of preliminary notification and follow-ups, appeals,inclusion of a return envelope, postage, and monetary incentives,were effective in increasing survey response rates. Significanteffect sizes for the predictors ranged from an increase in responseof 2 percent to 31 percent. Implications of the results forthe conduct of mail surveys and future research on mail surveyresponse behavior are discussed. 相似文献
95.
A survey was conducted of approximately 200 Asian Indian Americans and 200 other residents of New Jersey in order to understand the risk management priorities that they want government to have. We found that Asian Indian Americans, especially younger women, focused on personal/family risks, such as alcohol and drug abuse, sexual abuse, and domestic violence. The New Jersey comparison group, in contrast, placed war/terrorism and loss of health care services and insurance at the top of their priorities for government. These results suggest stressful acculturation-related issues within the Asian Indian community. Both populations want more risk management from government than they believe government is currently providing. Respondents who wanted more from government tended to dread the risk, be fearful of the consequences, trust government, and have a feeling of personal efficacy. Within the Asian Indian American sample, wide variations were observed by language spoken at home and religious affiliation. Notably, Muslims and Hindi language speakers tended not to trust government and hence wanted less government involvement. This study supports our call for studies of recent migrant populations and Johnson's for testing ethnic identity and acculturation as factors in risk judgments. 相似文献
96.
97.
吕景城 《河北理工大学学报(社会科学版)》2008,8(2):117-120
在新的人文观念的视野中,作为"第一生产力"的科学技术,不仅承载着社会和谐发展的经济价值,而且还通过促进人与自然协调发展、促进人与社会协调发展、促进精神文明建设承载着社会和谐发展的生态价值、人文价值和社会价值.准确把握科学技术在构建和谐社会中的价值和功用,对于我国实施科教兴国战略、构建社会主义和谐社会具有重要的现实意义. 相似文献
98.
This paper proposes an experimental test to evaluate the performance of the serial cost sharing rule, originally proposed
by Shenker [Sigmetrics, 241–242 (1990)] and then analyzed by Moulin and Shenker [Econometrica 60, 1009–1037 (1992)]. We report
measures of the performance and efficiency of the serial mechanism by comparing the choices and payoffs attained by the subjects
to the expected equilibrium allocations. Experimental evidence shows that learning is needed for the subjects to converge
to the equilibrium strategy. However, in terms of efficiency, the serial mechanism leads to almost efficient allocations. 相似文献
99.
Peltzman [Peltzman, S., 1984. Constituent interest and congressional voting. Journal of Law and Economics 27, 181–210] argues that if constituents’ economic interests have well-defined “winners and losers” and are appropriately measured, then constituents’ economic interests, and not legislator ideology, are the most important determinates of legislator voting. We test Peltzman's theory by examining senatorial voting on three mandated spending limitation bills. We find, consistent with Peltzman's theory, that the ratio of federal spending in a senator's state to federal taxes paid by that state, and not a senator's personal ideology, matters on legislation where there are well-defined economic “winners and losers.” This is particularly important because unlike other constituents’ economic interest measures that only impact a fraction of the constituency, the ratio of federal spending to federal taxes in a state represents the economic interests of all the constituents in a state. 相似文献
100.
Gay affirmative practice has recently been introduced into the social work literature as a culturally sensitive model for
working with gay, lesbian, and bisexual (GLB) adults, however, this model has rarely been applied to practice with GLB youth.
In this article, the authors review the literature to present the main tenets of gay affirmative practice, outline the challenges
that GLB youth face, and delineate the environmental and individual strengths that can be enhanced to promote well-being.
The authors then apply the gay affirmative practice model to GLB youth, offering concrete information about the specific knowledge,
attitudes, and skills that social workers should acquire to better serve the unique, yet diverse, needs of GLB youth. 相似文献