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991.
Planning authorities in Scotland are obliged to consult the public before finalising policies and proposals to be included in their development plans. Community councils are intended to operate as ‘the voice of a neighbourhood’ and this paper analyses an attempt by a regional planning authority to use community councils as a vehicle for consulting the public in the preparation of a structure plan for a rural area. The paper concludes that the attempt was unsuccessful because the community councils were not clear about the role they were expected to play; nor were they adequately prepared for their role. The authors believe, however, that the involvement of community councils has potential for promoting greater public participation in the preparation of development plans. 相似文献
992.
Dr. Quang DuongTran Ph.D. 《Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal》1996,13(1):41-50
This paper reports findings on depression in a sample of 38 Vietnamese adolescents. Hierarchical regression analysis was conducted to examine the empirical use of psychosocial variables and stressful life event measures in predicting depression. Self-esteem (Esteem) and SLEs scales were entered in blocks and explained for 68 percent of the total variance in depression (CES-D scale). Esteem accounts for 30 percent of the overall variance. The SLE block contributes another 39 percent above and beyond in the prediction of depression. Death, PTSD, and Peer stress scales were significant predictors (p<.01). The mean CES-D depression score was 16.32 (SD=10.95). A cutoff score of 16 was used to classify those adolescents who were depressed from those who were not depressed (Radloff, 1977). 相似文献
993.
Gernot D. Kleiter 《Statistical Methods and Applications》1993,2(2):213-232
Summary The representation of imprecise knowledge in probabilistic expert systems is investigated. It is argued that Bayesian statistics
offers a multitude of models and methods that may be employed to express probabilistic knowledge by first and second order
probability distributions. Distributions offer a much richer repertoire to express uncertainty that point probabilities. Special
attention is payed to Dirichletian weights of evidence in discrete systems and to predictons and inverse predictions in linear
regression. Approximate methods for non-conjugate distributions and for incomplete data are discussed. An important property
of imprecision in complex systems is that it explodes rapidly when the conclusions are derived from long chains of premises.
Thus, imprecision is a pruning criterion is a pruning criterion in complex knowledge systems.
This research was supported by the Fonds zur F?rderung der wissenschftlichen Forschung, Vienna. 相似文献
994.
G. H. Freeman S. D. Jacka J. E. H. Shaw J. Q. Smith 《Journal of applied statistics》1996,23(2):273-284
Central to the activities of any industry is the modernization of its assets. This paper describes the application of statistical methods to the asset management plan of a large water company. A model for the underground assets is given in detail, and the extensive computations required are illustrated. A Bayesian model shows the consequences of various policy options and provides realistic measures of the uncertainty connected with them. 相似文献
995.
Testing for space-time clusters of unknown size 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Rose D. Baker 《Journal of applied statistics》1996,23(5):543-554
The Knox test is widely used in epidemiology to test for infection or contagion, which is indicated by an excess of cases that are close both in space and time. Often, however, the values of the space and time critical parameters that define 'closeness' are unknown. An exact test is proposed for this situation, its computer implementation is described and examples of its use on published data sets are given. Other possible applications of the method adopted here are discussed. This is an example of a test where nuisance parameters are absent under H0, and where the distribution of the test statistic can be found numerically. 相似文献
996.
Dr. Joseph M. Chandy Ph.D. Dr. Robert W. Blum M.D. Ph.D. M.P.H. Dr. Michael D. Resnick Ph.D. 《Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal》1996,13(5):411-432
This study examined the school performance, suicidal involvement, disordered eating behaviors, pregnancy risk and chemical use of teenagers with a history of sexual abuse or parental alcohol misuse and found that they had higher rates of these adverse outcomes than among a comparison group of teenagers without such background risk factors. Adolescents with dual-risk background reported higher levels of suicide risk, disordered eating, sexual behaviors and chemical abuse than teenagers with only one background risk factor. Among index group members, protective factors against these adverse outcomes included a high degree of religiosity and the ability to discuss problems with family or friends. Risk factors that increased the likelihood of adverse outcomes included depression, perceived substance use in school and worries about family financial security.The first author was supported in the preparation of this article by a grant from the Lois and Samuel Silberman Fund of New York. 相似文献
997.
998.
Dr. Benda Brent B. Benda Ph.D. Robert Flynn Corwyn M.A. 《Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal》1996,13(6):469-494
This was a study of 357 adolescents, aged 13 to 17 years, who resided in a family receiving AFDC in 10 rural counties in Arkansas. The study had a twofold purpose: 1) to examine what elements of social control, social learning, and strain theories predicted 3 measures of sexual behavior; and 2) to test an integrated theoretical model with 2-stage least squares regression to see if it fit the data on the 3 measures of sex. The measures of sexual behavior were frequency of sexual intercourse in the past year, number of sexual partners in the past year, and number of sexual partners in lifetime. Bivariate analyses revealed that the consistent predictors of the 3 measures of sex were age, gender, attachment to mother, beliefs, parental supervision and punishment, family and friend support, frustration, and use of rationalizations. The theoretical model that fit all measures of sex showed that bonding influences sexual behavior through frustration, and that age, gender and rationalizations directly impact behavior. 相似文献
999.
Jorge Partida Psy.D. 《Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal》1996,13(3):241-254
Effects of immigration on Mexican-American immigrant children and families can be lifelong. This article describes conditions contributing to immigration and its effects on poor families, describing and illustrating developmental disruptions, and emphasizing effects on school participation and family dynamics.He is a graduate of the Illinois School of Professional Psychology, and has clinical and supervisory experience in child welfare. 相似文献
1000.
Victoria J. Dreitz James D. Nichols James E. Hines Robert E. Bennetts Wiley M. Kitchens Donald L. Deangelis 《Journal of applied statistics》2002,29(1-4):609-623
The rate of population growth ( u ) is an important demographic parameter used to assess the viability of a population and to develop management and conservation agendas. We examined the use of resighting data to estimate u for the snail kite population in Florida from 1997-2000. The analyses consisted of (1) a robust design approach that derives an estimate of u from estimates of population size and (2) the Pradel (1996) temporal symmetry (TSM) approach that directly estimates u using an open-population capture-recapture model. Besides resighting data, both approaches required information on the number of unmarked individuals that were sighted during the sampling periods. The point estimates of u differed between the robust design and TSM approaches, but the 95% confidence intervals overlapped substantially. We believe the differences may be the result of sparse data and do not indicate the inappropriateness of either modelling technique. We focused on the results of the robust design because this approach provided estimates for all study years. Variation among these estimates was smaller than levels of variation among ad hoc estimates based on previously reported index statistics. We recommend that u of snail kites be estimated using capture-resighting methods rather than ad hoc counts. 相似文献