教育资源配置差异对高等教育发展影响的实证研究

高等教育资源分布和配置不均,严重影响了高等教育教学质量的提高、教育功能的发挥、科研及其成果转化以及教育的可持续发展。地区高等教育资源的丰裕程度又影响了其积聚教育资源的能力。教育资源欠丰裕地区应该通过加大政府支持力度、吸纳社会资源、加强内涵建设等方式,缩小高等教育资源的地区差异。     

我国企业环境会计实施存在的问题及其对策

我国企业环境会计的实施取得了一定进展,但发展缓慢、存在一些问题.日本的<21世纪环境立国战略>进一步明确了日本经济社会可持续的发展道路.在此背景下日本企业的环境会计也走在了世界前列,取得了一些新的进展.因此,我国应适当借鉴日本等环境先进国家的经验,不断加速我国企业实施环境会计的步伐,以推动我国资源节约型和环境友好型社会的建设.     

我国高校教材出版发行模式及其改革

随着全球化进程的深化,外资出版发行集团纷纷来我国开展出版发行业务,这对我国现行的出版发行模式提出了新的挑战.我国高校教材出版发行模式应逐渐从原来的以政府指令为主,向以市场为导向、以读者为主体并兼顾经济效益与社会效益的发行方式转变;从原来的以国有新华书店为主导的模式,向国有、民营等多种发行途径共存的发行模式转变;同时解决好我国高校教材出版发行企业中存在的种种问题.这样,才能真正促进我国高校教材出版发行模式的改革.     

On the analysis of multivariate repeated measures designs

The relationship between the mixed-model analysis and multivariate approach to a repeated measures design with multiple responses is presented. It is shown that by taking the trace of the appropriate submatrix of the hypothesis (error) sums of squares and crossproducts (SSCP) matrix obtained from the multivariate approach, one can get the hypothesis (error) SSCP matrix for the mixed-model analysis. Thus, when analyzing data from a multivariate repeated measures design, it is advantageous to use the multivariate approach because the result of the mixed-model analysis can also be obtained without additional computation.     

Modeling Imbalanced Economic Recovery Following a Natural Disaster Using Input‐Output Analysis

Input‐output analysis is frequently used in studies of large‐scale weather‐related (e.g., Hurricanes and flooding) disruption of a regional economy. The economy after a sudden catastrophe shows a multitude of imbalances with respect to demand and production and may take months or years to recover. However, there is no consensus about how the economy recovers. This article presents a theoretical route map for imbalanced economic recovery called dynamic inequalities. Subsequently, it is applied to a hypothetical postdisaster economic scenario of flooding in London around the year 2020 to assess the influence of future shocks to a regional economy and suggest adaptation measures. Economic projections are produced by a macro econometric model and used as baseline conditions. The results suggest that London's economy would recover over approximately 70 months by applying a proportional rationing scheme under the assumption of initial 50% labor loss (with full recovery in six months), 40% initial loss to service sectors, and 10–30% initial loss to other sectors. The results also suggest that imbalance will be the norm during the postdisaster period of economic recovery even though balance may occur temporarily. Model sensitivity analysis suggests that a proportional rationing scheme may be an effective strategy to apply during postdisaster economic reconstruction, and that policies in transportation recovery and in health care are essential for effective postdisaster economic recovery.     

高校心理健康工作的几个问题

从高校心理健康工作持续发展的角度对学生心理健康教育工作机制进行了探讨,并且论述了思想政治工作与心理咨询工作的区别与联系,以及如何把握好心理咨询工作中的角色和角色阻抗问题.     

略论高校科研管理应强化几种意识

面对市场经济的新形势,就高校科研管理中的科研课题申报、科研成果奖励和知识产权的保护等方面提出了强化管理意识、策化意识、名牌意识和保护意识的观点和措施,并论述了策划意识是科研管理出效益的先导,名牌意识是科研管理出成果的重要方面,知识产权保护意识是科研管理工作的必然要求。     

The social stratification of tongue shape for postvocalic /r/ in Scottish English1

The sociolinguistic modelling of phonological variation and change is almost exclusively based on auditory and acoustic analyses of speech. One phenomenon which has proved elusive when considered in these ways is the variation in postvocalic /r/ in Scottish English. This study therefore shifts to speech production: we present a socioarticulatory study of variation of postvocalic /r/ in CVr (e.g. car) words, using a socially‐stratified ultrasound tongue imaging corpus of speech collected in eastern central Scotland in 2008. Our results show social stratification of /r/ at the articulatory level, with middle‐class speakers using bunched articulations, while working‐class speakers use greater proportions of tongue‐tip and tongue‐front raised variants. Unlike articulatory variation of /r/ in American English, the articulatory variants in our Scottish English corpus are both auditorily distinct from one another, and correlate with strong and weak ends of an auditory rhotic continuum, which also shows clear social stratification.     

The Role of Emotions in Risk Communication

We present two experiments investigating the role of emotions concerning technological and natural hazards. In the first experiment, technological hazards aroused stronger emotions, and were considered to be riskier than natural hazards. No differences were found between the texts versus audio presentations. However, the presence of pictures aroused stronger emotions and increased the perceived risk. Emotions play a mediating role between hazard types and perceived risk, as well as between pictures and perceived risk. The second experiment adopted real‐world materials from webpages and TV. Emotions again play a mediating role between pictorial information and risk perception. Moreover, specific emotions were found to be associated with different types of action tendencies. For example, loss‐based emotions (e.g., fear, regret) tend to lead to prevention strategies, whereas ethical emotions (e.g., anger) lead to aggressive behavior. We also find that loss‐based emotions in the technical hazard scenario trigger more coping strategies (from prevention to retaliation) than in the natural hazard scenario.     

Establishing decision tree-based short-term default credit risk assessment models

ABSTRACT

Traditional credit risk assessment models do not consider the time factor; they only think of whether a customer will default, but not the when to default. The result cannot provide a manager to make the profit-maximum decision. Actually, even if a customer defaults, the financial institution still can gain profit in some conditions. Nowadays, most research applied the Cox proportional hazards model into their credit scoring models, predicting the time when a customer is most likely to default, to solve the credit risk assessment problem. However, in order to fully utilize the fully dynamic capability of the Cox proportional hazards model, time-varying macroeconomic variables are required which involve more advanced data collection. Since short-term default cases are the ones that bring a great loss for a financial institution, instead of predicting when a loan will default, a loan manager is more interested in identifying those applications which may default within a short period of time when approving loan applications. This paper proposes a decision tree-based short-term default credit risk assessment model to assess the credit risk. The goal is to use the decision tree to filter the short-term default to produce a highly accurate model that could distinguish default lending. This paper integrates bootstrap aggregating (Bagging) with a synthetic minority over-sampling technique (SMOTE) into the credit risk model to improve the decision tree stability and its performance on unbalanced data. Finally, a real case of small and medium enterprise loan data that has been drawn from a local financial institution located in Taiwan is presented to further illustrate the proposed approach. After comparing the result that was obtained from the proposed approach with the logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards models, it was found that the classifying recall rate and precision rate of the proposed model was obviously superior to the logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards models.