Adolescents' Emotional Experiences of Mother–Adolescent Conflict Predict Internalizing and Externalizing Symptoms

Research on adolescent emotion has generally focused on expressions of emotion; however, there are reasons to believe that adolescents' experiences of emotion may be related to adolescent development in unique and important ways. This study examined the relation of adolescents' emotional experiences of conflict with their mothers to their internalizing and externalizing symptoms at three time points, each a year apart. After participating in videotaped conflict negotiation tasks with their mothers, adolescents (N=80) watched the videotape of their interactions and used a joystick to make continuous ratings of how negative, positive, or neutral they felt during the discussions. Hierarchical Linear Modeling was used to assess relations among their continuous emotion ratings and their internalizing and externalizing symptoms 1 year before the interaction task, at the time of the interaction task, and 1 year later. Adolescents' externalizing symptoms at the time of the conflict task were associated with negative emotion that decreased across the conflict discussion. Relations between emotional experience and internalizing symptoms a year later were moderated by adolescent gender, revealing that a tolerance for increasing negative emotion predicts fewer future internalizing symptoms for girls. The importance of adolescents' ability to tolerate negative emotion during normal developmental conflicts is discussed.     

美国高等教学模式及借鉴意义

分别从教学形式的创新、师生关系的转变、主体意识的觉醒、诚信机制的建立、竞争意识的形成五个方面对美国高等教育教学模式进行了阐释。通过对美国教学模式的分析，探索了美国高等教育发展、创新的途径和方式，为高校教学提供借鉴。     

Attitudes of Palestinian pre‐school teachers from Israel towards reporting of suspected cases of child abuse and neglect

The paper documents a study conducted among 225 Palestinian pre‐school teachers from Israel. Data were collected through a self‐administered questionnaire that examined the teachers’ attitudes towards reporting child abuse and neglect. In general, the participants’ attitudes towards reporting child abuse and neglect to the child protection services (CPS) were more positive than their attitudes towards reporting to the police. Willingness to report suspected cases of child sexual abuse to the police and CPS was higher than willingness to report other types of child abuse and neglect. Inconsistent results were revealed with regard to how awareness of reporting regulations and awareness of signs and risk factors for child maltreatment affect willingness to report to CPS and to the police. A comprehensive discussion of the possible relevance of the participants’ socio‐cultural and sociopolitical values to their attitudes towards reporting child abuse and neglect is presented. The implications of the results for future studies are also discussed.     

股东对董事直接诉讼的思考

传统法律理论认为董事只与公司之间产生法律关系,与股东之间没有直接的法律关系。《公司法》认为董事不仅应当向股东直接承担责任,而且股东还有权针对董事直接提起诉讼。该直接诉讼的基础是董事对股东的信义义务,诉讼的性质有不同学说,以特别法定责任说最有说服力。现对《公司法》的规定作出评价并指出其不足。     

房屋租赁权是否应作为物权的问题探讨

房屋租赁权作为一种典型的债权物权化的权利,既有着租赁合同这一典型债权的外观,同时兼有买卖不破租赁这种物权效力。但租赁权究竟应该作为法定下来的物权,还是继续着债权的身份,本文欲通过分析房屋租赁这一现象的实质,比较物权和债权的区别,结合民法理论和司法实践,寻找房屋租赁权准确的法律定位。     

国外发展电子商务的政策及对我国的启示

电子商务是国民经济和社会信息化的重要组成部分,代表着未来商务的发展方向.我国电子商务的发展已经迈出了可喜的一步,但仍然面临着体制、技术和管理等诸多问题,借鉴国外发展电子商务的经验和政策,加速基础设施安全体系建设,建立电子商务信用机制,建设电子物流配送系统,大力培养复合型的电子商务人才,将有助于我国电子商务的进一步完善和发展.     

县域经济发展理论体系的构建

目前理论界多用区域经济学理论体系指导我国县域经济发展。鉴于我国的县域经济是—种特殊类型的区域经济,区域经济学的理论在运用时尚需结合我国县域经济的具体情况进行取舍,进而构建适合指导县域经济发展的理论体系。笔者以为,区域经济增长理论、区位理论、比较优势理论、区域金融与区域经济增长关系理论、区域产业结构优化理论、政府在经济发展中的作用理论和区域综合开发理论与模式等七个理论,可形成系统的指导县域经济发展的理论体系。     

责任意识与和谐社会

和谐社会一方面描述了社会和谐存在的现实诉求,另一方面也对实现和谐社会的实践着的人们指涉了相应的历史使命和社会职责。所谓责任意识,就是在普遍必然性的社会性定在的基础上,社会主体(包括个人和集体)基于自由意志的自觉把握和自主践行。因此,和谐社会和责任意识呈现出一种互动关系,这种关系集中体现在和谐社会所设定的经济社会发展的客观要求和相应的社会主体对这种要求的把握和践行中。从这个意义上来看,责任意识是和谐社会不可或缺的主体基础,是其创造性的价值标识和超越性的内在动力。     

Parenting Behavior as Mediator and Moderator of the Association Between Marital Problems and Adolescent Maladjustment

The present study examines the mediating and moderating effects of parenting behavior on the relation between marital problems and adolescent maladjustment. Extending earlier studies by using a prospective, longitudinal research design and multi‐informant methods, this study of 451 adolescents and their families from the Iowa Youth and Families Project demonstrates that parenting behavior mediates the relation between marital problems and adolescent outcomes. The results also suggest that both marital conflict and distress are harmful for adolescents. Furthermore, not just one aspect, but a broad range of parenting behaviors links marital problems to adolescent maladjustment. Finally, there was limited evidence that parenting behavior moderates the influence of marital problems on adolescent adjustment by intensifying the adverse impact of marital difficulties.