Using group mean centering for computing adjusted means by site in a randomized experimental design. The case of California's Work Pays Demonstration Project.

When analyzing data from a randomized experiment that is replicated across multiple sites and includes covariates, the covariates can adjust for differences from either the grand mean or the group (site) mean. The analysis strategy determines the reference point. Pooling the sites and using a standard analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) adjusts for differences around the grand mean, whereas analyzing each site separately adjusts for differences around each group (site) mean. This article demonstrates that group mean centering permits pooling data from multiple sites into a single analysis while still using the group mean as a reference point for evaluating the covariate.     

Reply to Lynne Segal's Commentary

The author explains why her work differs from the feminist uses of psychoanalysis that Segal admires. The key to the disagreement with Segal here is understanding what is meant by unconscious processes. The author maintains that these are always transformations. Unlike conscious fantasies, they are often bizarre, as in delusions, hallucinations, primitive fantasies, and the like. So far only a psychoanalytic method can access them. The work Segal prefers charts accessible preconscious identifications in an untransformed way, which by definition reflects “social reality.” The political/feminist use of the latter is likely to be easier, but it is working on different ground from that which interests the author.     

From concept to data: sleuthing social change-oriented youth voices on YouTube

The idea of youth voice has become commonplace in youth studies and advocacy, although its meaning is more often assumed than explicitly defined and critically analyzed. This article engages with the concept of youth voice through a discussion of how we designed and implemented a pilot study on social change-oriented videos produced and circulated by Canadian teens on YouTube. We discuss the challenges and issues we encountered while attempting to constitute our research sample of youth-produced videos. In our sleuthing process, we grappled with the limitations of online search engines for our research purposes, and as a result developed a purposeful, tactical and adaptive approach. Throughout this process, we found that technical and practical issues evoked ethical concerns regarding youth voice as well, which thus required constant decision-making. As we report on how we dealt with these issues, we contribute to ongoing discussions and debates on youth voice occurring at the intersection of critical youth studies, social media, and online research ethics.     

Expectancies specific to condom use mediate the alcohol and sexual risk relationship

The present study tested the role of alcohol expectancies for condom use in mediating the alcohol and risky sex relationship. Expectancies for condom use are specific anticipations for alcohol's effect on one's ability to use a condom. College students (N = 563) reported on beliefs, intentions and actual sexual and drinking behavior. Among the sexually active, alcohol was directly related to future intention to use a condom in drinking situations for men, but not for women. In the men, alcohol expectancies for condom use mediated the relationship between drinking and condom intention. Beliefs that alcohol negatively impacts one's ability to use condoms were associated with more drinking and lower intentions to use a condom. These expectancies may help explain how alcohol affects risky sex in men. Gender differences and implications are discussed.     

A National Comparison of Spousal Abuse in Mid- and Old Age

This exploratory study addresses whether there are similar or different risks and protective factors associated with spousal abuse among mid-age adults (persons aged 45–59) and old-age adults (persons aged 60 and over). The risk and protective factors of abuse are compared across these two age groups and situated within a life course framework. Cross-sectional data from the 1999 and 2004 General Social Surveys are merged to address the research questions. Overall, it was found that there are as many differences as there are similarities in risk/protective factors connected to individual, relationship, and community environments. The findings are discussed in terms of program development and future research.     

Understanding media constructions of volunteering: an Australian perspective

This paper explores the Australian public's understanding of volunteering from a media perspective. A content analysis of 137 news articles published in The Australian newspaper revealed that volunteering in Australia is framed in terms of eight perspectives by nine claim makers. Since media-led images of volunteering tend to influence peoples' decision to volunteer, the findings have several implications for organizers of social development projects involving volunteers.     

Participation and partnerships in research: Listening to the ideas and experiences of a parent-carer

This paper discusses the aims and compromises that ensued in the design of a project investigating the obstacles faced by migrants in professional occupations when they move between countries in the European Union. A qualitative approach was selected because of the virtual absence of statistical and empirical data on the mobility and barriers to skilled/qualified migrants in the EU, in specific professions. Central to the research design was a series of guided interviews with regulatory bodies, employers' representatives and native workers, and 60 semi-structured interviews with women migrants.     

老牌数据供应商的新活力

律商联讯集团（Lexis Nexis）是最早的网络型内容和数据供应商之一。上世纪70年代初开始,律商联讯集团曾是发布法规信息和新闻档案领域创新者的代名词,但是到了90年代,它却成为陈腐落后的象征,此时,彭博等深谙互联网秘诀的数据公司,通过更及时的信息传送、更快捷的网络登录和更出色的搜索工具,在技术上让律商联讯自叹弗如。