(Sub) Optimality and (non) optimal satisficing in risky decision experiments

We implement a risky choice experiment based on one-dimensional choice variables and risk neutrality induced via binary lottery incentives. Each participant confronts many parameter constellations with varying optimal payoffs. We assess (sub)optimality, as well as (non)optimal satisficing by eliciting aspirations in addition to choices. Treatments differ in the probability that a binary random event, which are payoff—but not optimal choice—relevant is experimentally induced and whether participants choose portfolios directly or via satisficing, i.e., by forming aspirations and checking for satisficing before making their choice. By incentivizing aspiration formation, we can test satisficing, and in cases of satisficing, determine whether it is optimal.     

An experimental investigation of the impact of ambiguity on the valuationof self-insurance and self-protection

We build two experimental markets to examine individual valuations of risk reductions with two risk-management tools: self-insurance and self-protection. We find no positive evidence that the risk-reducing mechanisms constitute a “frame.” Ambiguity in the probability on average affects valuation only weakly, and changes in the representation of ambiguity do not alter valuation. Finally, unlike the results obtained by Hogarth and Kunreuther for the case of market insurance, our findings do not provide a strong support for the “Anchoring and Adjustment” ambiguity model.     

诗化与自毁——哈姆雷特悲剧探源

诗化意识本身并没有直接导致哈姆雷特的悲剧,但却赋予了他独特的生存状态和世界观,进而影响了他在命运面前的选择。深入探索诗化意识在哈姆雷特悲剧中的意义,是理解整部作品的关键。     

扬琴演奏艺术美的规律把握与特质研究

扬琴演奏作为一种表演形式,在其发展过程中有着自身独特的美感。文章通过对扬琴演奏中所应具备的技术技巧、气息气韵以及舞台形态等方面的分析后,指出扬琴演奏中动作要协调。其中气息与动作配合适当,对演奏和艺术表现有很大的帮助。扬琴演奏属于音响艺术的范畴,音色的好坏直接影响演奏质量和情感的表达。气息的畅通使力源不受阻碍,其必然是松弛而有弹性的。反之,必然造成肌肉紧张、发音僵硬、音色燥或虚。因此,气息与动作的正确与否决定音色的质量。     

农村老年人精神文化需求调查

目前,我国农村的老年人主要存在三大需求,即养老保障需求、医疗保障需求和精神文化需求。其中精神文化需求处于农村老年人生命需求的最高层次。在实地调查的基础上,对浙江农村老年人的精神文化需求做出较为深入细致的研究分析。从制度安排、社会支持、自身设计和现实基础等四个方面提出具体对策思考与建议。     

试论“摸起来”与“摸上去”

感官动词摸所构成的动补结构摸起来、摸上去,二者在语义、句法、语用、单位性质等方面存在着异同。两者在语法单位性质上根据二者语义的不同可视为短语或正向词过渡的短语。     

制约县域经济发展的因素分析与对策建议

以县级行政区划为单位的县域经济是我国国民经济的基础,是建设小康社会的主战场。我国目前县域经济发展缓慢,已成为宏观经济可持续发展的瓶颈。虽然制约县域经济发展的障碍因素较多,本文仅从经济体制、行政体制、财政体制、金融体制、相关政策制度等方面进行分析,提出改革和完善体制、推行一主三化发展战略和制订各县域特色经济总体规划的对策建议。     

损失模拟模型的模拟与检验

为帮助精算师在不同的数据环境下选择最优的准备金评估方法,美国非寿险精算师协会组织开发了一个产生模拟索赔数据的开源软件系统——损失模拟模型,然而损失模拟模型是否能够按指定参数要求产生模拟数据需要进行检验.文章采用不同的参数估计方法和拟合优度检验方法对模拟索赔次数的分布、索赔额的趋势以及不同险种索赔次数之间的相关结构进行了统计检验,结果表明损失模拟模型对索赔次数的分布、索赔额的趋势能够产生一致的模拟,而对索赔次数数据之间相关结构的模拟存在不稳定性.     

On the relationship between compliance with recommendations on the audit committee of codes of good practices and financial reporting quality

Codes of good practices provide a soft alternative to the hard legislation approach to corporate governance. These codes include a set of recommendations that companies are expected to follow in order to enhance governance structures and practices. Some of these recommendations specifically aim to improve the effectiveness of the audit committee. We investigate the relationship between the level of compliance with recommendations on the audit committee of the Spanish Unified Code and financial reporting quality, as measured by discretionary accruals and by the opinion of the audit report. We use a sample of companies listed in the Spanish stock market for the years between 2007 and 2013. Results show a strong and positive relationship between the level of compliance with recommendations and the quality of financial reporting. We also report significant results for some specific recommendations. These results are robust to various checks. Therefore, the level of compliance with recommendations on the audit committee might provide a feasible and reliable indicator of the quality of financial reports released by the company.