破解城乡二元教育体系难题与预防农村青少年犯罪

通过对1932名农村犯罪青少年的调查，发现他们普遍具有教育背景不良、留守儿童多、犯罪类型比较集中等特点，不良教育背景是农村犯罪青少年误入歧途的重要影响因素，而农村犯罪青少年受教不良又与目前“城乡二元教育体系”密切相关。统筹发展城乡教育有利于彰显教育的公平性、有利于减少农村留守儿童、有利于提高农村青少年整体的受教育水平、有利于改观农村青少年未来的发展劣势，是预防农村青少年犯罪的有效手段之一。     

Identification of the mental workload of public employees in the administrative sector at a public university

In the workplace there are risk factors that can overwhelm the health of the worker causing physical and psychological disorders. Among these disorders, is occupational stress. Thus, this research proposes to measure the mental workload of job stress from the identification of demand, control and social support. It is an observational cross-sectional epidemiological character, performed with the Rectory office workers at the State University of West Paraná (Unioeste). Data collection was due to the application of the "Job Stress Scale" (JSS) and in its reduced version adapted to Portuguese. The survey sample consisted of 44 individuals. Statistical analysis was correlated inversely with medium intensity (r = -0.404) between age and social support. For males was found between control and age (r = 0.603). According to the data obtained, we conclude that most workers are exposed to passive work, leading to loss of skills or disinterest in the job. This study highlights the importance of research in the area and the need for new actions that change the conditions of stress at work.     

Colour and inclusivity: a visual communication design project with older people

In an ideal world, inclusive products and services would be the standard and not the exception. This paper presents a systematic approach to an overlap between Visual Communication Design, Printed Colour and Inclusive Design, for older people, with the aim to develop of a set of research-based ageing and ergonomics-centred communication design guidelines and recommendations for printed material (analogical displays). The approach included an initial extensive literature review in the area of colour, older people and ergonomics issues and vision common diseases, communication design. The second phase was the implementation of an experiment to measure the different colour experiences of the participants in two sample groups (one in UK and another one in Portugal), using printed material, to find out the colours one should use in analogical communication material, being aware of the colour contrast importance (foreground versus background) and the difficulties experienced by older people to read and understand lettering, signs. As main contribution of this research project, we developed a set of guidelines and recommendations based on the reviewed literature and the sample groups' findings, trying to demonstrate the importance of these guidelines when conceiving a new communicational design project in a way this project will achieve vision comfort and understandability, especially for older people, in an inclusive design perspective.     

Colour, vision and ergonomics

This paper is based on a research project - Visual Communication and Inclusive Design-Colour, Legibility and Aged Vision, developed at the Faculty of Architecture of Lisbon. The research has the aim of determining specific design principles to be applied to visual communication design (printed) objects, in order to be easily read and perceived by all. This study target group was composed by a selection of socially active individuals, between 55 and 80 years, and we used cultural events posters as objects of study and observation. The main objective is to overlap the study of areas such as colour, vision, older people's colour vision, ergonomics, chromatic contrasts, typography and legibility. In the end we will produce a manual with guidelines and information to apply scientific knowledge into the communication design projectual practice. Within the normal aging process, visual functions gradually decline; the quality of vision worsens, colour vision and contrast sensitivity are also affected. As people's needs change along with age, design should help people and communities, and improve life quality in the present. Applying principles of visually accessible design and ergonomics, the printed design objects, (or interior spaces, urban environments, products, signage and all kinds of visually information) will be effective, easier on everyone's eyes not only for visually impaired people but also for all of us as we age.     

基于独立分量分析的降噪技术

介绍了新兴的独立分量分析技术的基本概念和原理,以及具有代表性的算法,即FastICA算法、EASI算法、非线性PCA算法和基于自然梯度的最大似然估计算法。通过降噪仿真实验,并采用均方误差作为降噪的性能指数,对这些算法与传统的自适应信号处理算法进行比较。所得实验结果表明,独立分量分析算法在降噪上的效果优于自适应信号处理算法。因此在降噪上具有较大的应用价值。     

江苏省“十一五”巩固基础教育的基本思路

本文提出了“十一五”期间江苏省基础教育改革与发展的目标,分析了目标制定的依据和实现目标的途径与措施。     

“壳”资源价值及相关行为分析

在证券市场上 ,“壳”公司本无价值 ,但却作为一种稀缺资源而具有价值 ,并成为众多公司和企业买卖的对象。作者以“壳”公司作为研究对象 ,来分析其价值本质及其相关行为对证券市场的影响 ,从“壳”价值的形成入手 ,认为其价值的本质在于其“稀缺性” ,并分析了“壳”资源的买卖行为对证券市场产生的有利和不利影响 ,指出对“壳”资源的买卖行为进行规范和引导的必要性和意义     

Optimal Two‐Sided Invariant Similar Tests for Instrumental Variables Regression

This paper considers tests of the parameter on an endogenous variable in an instrumental variables regression model. The focus is on determining tests that have some optimal power properties. We start by considering a model with normally distributed errors and known error covariance matrix. We consider tests that are similar and satisfy a natural rotational invariance condition. We determine a two‐sided power envelope for invariant similar tests. This allows us to assess and compare the power properties of tests such as the conditional likelihood ratio (CLR), the Lagrange multiplier, and the Anderson–Rubin tests. We find that the CLR test is quite close to being uniformly most powerful invariant among a class of two‐sided tests. The finite‐sample results of the paper are extended to the case of unknown error covariance matrix and possibly nonnormal errors via weak instrument asymptotics. Strong instrument asymptotic results also are provided because we seek tests that perform well under both weak and strong instruments.     

基于项目化教学的《大学生心理健康教育》课程教学模式改革

当前《大学生心理健康教育》普遍存在的问题有师资匮乏、教学形式单一、教学效果有待考量.项目化教学以学生为主体,根据学生学情,以学生生活、工作与学习的实际需要为出发点,将教材内容进行重组,且在教学过程中有效融入课程思政,使学生成为拥有理性平和健康心态的社会主义建设者与接班人.该文提出通过学情分析、构建教学项目的目标、构建教学项目的内容、实施项目教学、改革评价模式等,使教学效果得到明显提升.