让未来属于蔚蓝——推进辽宁“五点一线”沿海经济带纳入国家战略

国家经济发展战略体现了国家宏观经济发展格局和重点。地区发展战略纳入国家战略是一个系统工程,既要符合地区经济发展的目标和方向,又要与国家总体战略相吻合     

直觉主义的反叛与个人圣徒道路的复归——评严复经验主义认识论

严复认为逻辑更胜于纯粹的学术关注,它作为方法论基础能够保证伦理道德以及社会政治等治世处方的确定性。先天具有严密方法论缺陷的中国传统治国文献的实践失败,极大降低了铭刻在经典文本中的伦理与实践格言的价值。中国需要一种崭新的推理形式,它必须与现代科学的步调相一致。这种新形式有三个中心要素:经验主义认识论替代直觉知识以及文本权威中的传统中国信念、明晰的定义方法、对于归纳的明确认知。严复很少对中性真理感兴趣,认为在科学探究过程中,逻辑的终极目的是求诚。本质上,严复展示的这一探究是个人圣徒道路的不断寻求过程。这种过程联合了外在世界广博知识的追寻以及个人道德完美的不断努力。     

The Effectiveness of Environmental Civil Society Organizations: An Integrated Analysis of Organizational Characteristics and Contextual Factors

A push to reverse unsustainable trends has come from environmental civil society, but its track record is somewhat inconsistent. Why are some environmental organizations able to enhance the environmental cause, while others fail to create a substantial impact in the move toward environmental sustainability? This paper considers related but disparate clusters of literature and identifies factors that have an impact on the effectiveness of civil society. It also addresses the ambiguity that is attached to civil society—a concept with considerable historical baggage and contextual differentiation. Given that each conceptualization of civil society has its own body of literature and that these do not necessarily speak to each other, we propose an analytical framework that integrates a variety of dimensions relevant to the analysis of environmental civil society organizations (CSOs): the degree of institutionalization, the mode of interaction with the state, sources of funding, the locus of mobilization, the choice of issue(s), and the degree of politicization. Using these organizational characteristics, our framework further integrates contextual factors, constructing a multidimensional space where there are opportunities and constraints for environmental CSOs. This framework allows us to examine diverse paths shaped by context-dependent strategic choices of environmental CSOs which may either limit or enhance their capacity to make an impact. These strategic choices are tracked by selecting entry points inspired by fieldwork conducted in Turkey—specifically, institutionalization, the choice of issue(s), and politicization.     

The Elite Illusion: Achievement Effects at Boston and New York Exam Schools

Parents gauge school quality in part by the level of student achievement and a school's racial and socioeconomic mix. The importance of school characteristics in the housing market can be seen in the jump in house prices at school district boundaries where peer characteristics change. The question of whether schools with more attractive peers are really better in a value‐added sense remains open, however. This paper uses a fuzzy regression‐discontinuity design to evaluate the causal effects of peer characteristics. Our design exploits admissions cutoffs at Boston and New York City's heavily over‐subscribed exam schools. Successful applicants near admissions cutoffs for the least selective of these schools move from schools with scores near the bottom of the state SAT score distribution to schools with scores near the median. Successful applicants near admissions cutoffs for the most selective of these schools move from above‐average schools to schools with students whose scores fall in the extreme upper tail. Exam school students can also expect to study with fewer nonwhite classmates than unsuccessful applicants. Our estimates suggest that the marked changes in peer characteristics at exam school admissions cutoffs have little causal effect on test scores or college quality.     

Political Economy of Standing against a Stand-By

What explains the actual and rhetorical defections of political elites in developing countries from the IMF programs even at times of severe economic difficulties? Scholars have focused on “domestic audience costs” of participating in IMF programs. This paper, on the other hand, suggests that as commitments to IMF programs require governments to make changes generating institutional, social and political consequences, governments choose to delay an agreement with the Fund, whenever the program is likely to antagonize key business groups that support the government. In the light of the Malaysian and the recent Turkish experiences, the paper will demonstrate that defection from an IMF program is likely to occur when the new Stand-By Agreement can jeopardize particular business interests backing the ruling political elites either through institutional reforms or economic policies.     

When to Carry Eccentric Products? Optimal Retail Assortment under Consumer Returns

To understand whether retailers should consider consumer returns when merchandising, we study how the optimal assortment of a retailer is influenced by its return policy. The retailer selects its assortment from an exogenous set of horizontally differentiated products. Consumers make purchase and keep/return decisions in nested multinomial logit fashion. Our main finding is that the optimal assortment has a distinct structure for relatively strict return policies: it is optimal to offer a mix of the most popular and most eccentric products when the refund amount is sufficiently low, which can be viewed as a form of risk sharing between the retailer and consumers. In contrast, if the refund is sufficiently high or when returns are disallowed, the optimal assortment is composed of only the most popular products (a common finding in the literature). We provide preliminary empirical evidence for one of the key drivers of our results: more eccentric products have higher probability of return—conditional on purchase. In light of our analytical findings and managerial insights, we conclude that retailers should take returns into account when merchandising.     

《徕鼎》读笺

2003年初,在陕西省眉县发现了一处西周窖藏,出土有27件青铜器,每件都带有铭文.其中有<四十二年徕鼎>、<四十三年徕鼎>的铭文共约近700字.<徕鼎>铭文以西周贵族单徕的活动记录为中心,旁及西周厉王、宣王世的许多史实,为两篇涉及西周晚期历史研究的最新发现的直接史料,具有非常重要的学术价值.     

绿色壁垒的影响及其利用

绿色壁垒是为保护环境而采取的有条件限制国际贸易自由的措施。具有手段上的合法性和结果上的不合理性双重属性。绿色壁垒对我国外贸的影响总体上看是不利的,但有关条约中的规定为我们留下了利用空间,我们也有理由和条件建构我们自己的绿色壁垒。     

Moving communities: A process of negotiation with a Gypsy minority for empowerment

This paper describes the process by which the relationship between university workers and members of a Gypsy community evolved. Transformation in the relationships between the two, in terms of knowledge, trust, and affect, in turn transformed the nature of the work undertaken. What started as research on the community changed into research within and of the community. The process is discussed in terms of empowerment, community psychological practice and participatory action research. Este artículo describe el proceso de cambio de la relación establecida entre miembros de una universidad y miembros de una comunidad gitana. Las transformaciones que dicha relación experimentó, en términos de conocimiento, confianza y afecto, acabaron alterando la naturaleza del propio proyecto. Lo que empezó siendo una investigación sobre una comunidad, fue transformándose en una investigación en la comunidad, con la colaboración de la comunidad. El artículo discute este proceso se discute en términos de 'empowerment', psicología comunitaria, e investigación-acción.     

论判决文书形成过程中的反对意见

目前 ,在法院审判案件过程中 ,反对意见缺乏应有的舞台。判决文书的制作主体、内容以及话语技术方面存在诸多问题均与缺乏反对意见有关。反对意见的肯定性价值勿庸置疑 ,完善其保障机制 ,无疑是提升我国判决文书品格的新途径。为使其与中国司法土壤兼容 ,本文就其保障机制提出初步程序构设