The hub continent. Immigrant networks, emigrant diasporas and FDI

This paper studies the relations between bilateral FDIs and immigrant networks of France, Germany, UK, Italy and Spain, and the emigrant diasporas of Italy and Spain. It focuses on skilled and unskilled immigrants and on ties with developing and developed countries. Results evidence two different network models: FDIs of UK, Germany and France are prompted by the ties of skilled immigrants, while those of Italy and Spain are only influenced by their respective diasporas. The disparity may stem from history. Differently from the findings of previous literature, the effects of networks with developing countries are similar to those with rich economies.     

The influence of sex,temperament, risk-taking and mental health on the emergence of gambling: a longitudinal study of young people

There are a host of complex and interlinked psychological, social and biological factors involved in the development of problem gambling (PG). While existing research, which is predominantly cross-sectional, shows that emerging adulthood is a critical period for PG, the early risk factors for PG are currently unknown. Here, we recruited a sample of 156 early adolescents with no history of PG (mean age 12.6 years) and longitudinally followed them up into late adolescence (mean age 18.9 years) to investigate the role of sex, risk-taking behaviour and changes in temperament and psychiatric symptoms in the evolution of risky gambling behaviour. There were sex-independent effects of temperament and risk-taking behaviour, with greater developmental increases in temperamental frustration (i.e. negative affectivity), greater developmental decreases in temperamental attention (i.e. effortful control) and greater involvement in risky behaviours, such as alcohol use, predicting greater likelihood of being in the risky gambling group. In addition, there were sex-dependent effects whereby higher levels of baseline aggression in females and lower levels of the same in males were more predictive of risky gambling. These findings highlight how sex-dependent and independent factors across the early- to mid-adolescent period influence the occurrence of gambling later in life.     

Contextualizing Arab female entrepreneurship in the United Arab Emirates

ABSTRACT

Cultural and structural challenges within the Arab context are found to constrain women’s opportunities towards entrepreneurial development and activity. In addressing the call for feminist theorizing in entrepreneurship research, we bring together gender, identity and networking into the subjective experiences of Emirati female entrepreneurs. Through antenarrative perspectives, we demonstrate that developing cooperation with men is a viable and complementary means to addressing contextual challenges and achieving empowerment. Our contribution illustrates that Emirati female entrepreneurs’ multi-layered identity work manifests in a relational manner via efforts to strategically construct opportunity by means of engaging in discursive relationships with men.     

Is abstention an escape from Arrow’s theorem?

In a society of variable size, Quesada (Soc Choice Welfare 25(1): 221–226, 2005) establishes the existence of Arrovian social welfare functions which are not dictatorial. We show that this escape from the Arrovian impossibility collapses when a very mild monotonicity condition is introduced.     

Fair Groves mechanisms

We study allocation problems in which a costly task is to be assigned and money transfers are used to achieve fairness among agents. We consider a series of fairness notions (k-fairness for where n is the number of agents) of decreasing restrictiveness that are based on Rawls’ maximin equity criterion and impose welfare lower bounds. These fairness notions were introduced by Porter et al. (J Econ Theory 118:209–228, 2004) who also introduced two classes of Groves mechanisms that are 1-fair and 3-fair, respectively, and generate deficits that are bounded above. We show that these classes are the largest such classes of Groves mechanisms. We generalize these mechanisms for each and show that the corresponding mechanisms generate the smallest deficit for each economy among all k-fair Groves mechanisms. The first draft of this paper was written while we were Ph.D. students at the University of Rochester. We are grateful to William Thomson for his guidance and advice. We also thank two referees and the associate editor for their comments.     

Freedom or happiness? Agency and subjective well-being in the capability approach

Human agency is a pivotal part of freedom and happiness. This article outlines two aspects of agency – power and control and self-establishment of goals – and situates it in the capability approach and vis a vis SWB. One can view the CA as an integration of ‘agency’ and ‘outcome’ oriented approaches. When agency is possible, it has primacy. When not, it is valued achievements (among others SWB) that acquire importance. Therefore agency is key for understanding how SWB fits in the general policy framework as a valued outcome. Two important functions of SWB information in this respect are outlined: as a frame of problem and as a signalling device on the effectiveness of policy.     

Wavelet Regression Technique for Streamflow Prediction

In order to explain many secret events of natural phenomena, analyzing non-stationary series is generally an attractive issue for various research areas. The wavelet transform technique, which has been widely used last two decades, gives better results than former techniques for the analysis of earth science phenomena and for feature detection of real measurements. In this study, a new technique is offered for streamflow modeling by using the discrete wavelet transform. This new technique depends on the feature detection characteristic of the wavelet transform. The model was applied to two geographical locations with different climates. The results were compared with energy variation and error values of models. The new technique offers a good advantage through a physical interpretation. This technique is applied to streamflow regression models, because they are simple and widely used in practical applications. However, one can apply this technique to other models.     

Switching-one-column follow-up experiments for Plackett-Burman designs

Industrial experiments are frequently performed sequentially using two-level fractional factorial designs. In this context, a common strategy for the design of follow-up experiments is to switch the signs in one column. It is well known that this strategy, when applied to two-level fractional factorial resolution III designs, will clear the main effect, for which the switch was performed, from any confounding with any other two-factor interactions and will also clear all the two-factor interactions between that factor and the other main effects from any confounding with other two-factor interactions. In this article, we extend this result and show that this strategy applies to any orthogonal two-level resolution III design and therefore specifically to any two-level Plackett- Burman design .     

Strong equilibrium outcomes of voting games ¶are the generalized Condorcet winners

We consider voting games induced by anonymous and top-unanimous social choice functions. The class of such social choice functions is quite broad, including every t-refinement of the Plurality Rule, Plurality with a Runoff, the Majoritarian Compromise and the Single Transferable Vote, i.e., any selection from either of these social choice rules which is obtained via tie-breaking among candidates according to any total order t on the set of alternatives. As announced in our title, the strong equilibrium outcomes of the voting games determined by such social choice functions turn out to be nothing but generalized Condorcet winners, namely the (n,q)-Condorcet winners. In the case of social choice functions (such as those just listed) which are furthermore top-majoritarian, they coincide with the classical Condorcet winners.The non-alphabetic ordering of names has a reason deserving to be explained. Murat R. Sertel, this man from the Bosphorus whose contributions put Turkey on the academic map of Economic Theory, passed away on January 25, 2003, while this paper was in print. His untimely death was met with deep sorrow by his colleagues, friends and students all over the world. Murat R. Sertel was one of the forerunners of the Age of Economic Design. He was a genuine scholar, brilliant intellectual, excellent teacher, beloved friend, a wonderful company, a devoted son and an affectionate father. May he rest in peace.¶The authors thank Semih Koray, Ipek Sanver, Fuad Aleskerov, Ahmet Alkan, Hakan Inal, Hervé Moulin, Bezalel Peleg, Robert Wilson, Muhamet Yldz and two anonymous referees for their helpful comments. Remzi Sanver gratefully acknowledges partial support from Istanbul Bilgi University, BÜVAK (Boaziçi University Foundation) and Serem Ltd.1999), Danilov (1992) for Nash implementation; Maskin (1979), Dutta and Sen (1991) for strong implementation; Moore and Repullo (1988), Abreu and Sen (1990) for subgame perfect implementation; Palfrey and Srivastava (1991), Jackson, Palfrey and Srivastava (1994) for undominated Nash implementation; Jackson (1991), Dutta and Sen (1994) for Bayesian implementation. So we know a lot about what is implementable, and what is not, via various solution concepts. In particular, Maskin (1979) shows that strong implementability of a social choice correspondence is inconsistent with the weak no veto power condition. ysis regarding the Nash equilibrium allocations of an allocation rule with wealth-regressive tax rates.The authors thank Semih Koray, Ipek Sanver, Fuad Aleskerov, Ahmet Alkan, Hakan Inal, Hervé Moulin, Bezalel Peleg, Robert Wilson, Muhamet Yldz and two anonymous referees for their helpful comments. Remzi Sanver gratefully acknowledges partial support from Istanbul Bilgi University, BÜVAK (Boaziçi University Foundation) and Serem Ltd.3 December 2001