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881.
Medication error is an issue that no hospital is immune from, leading to 7,000 deaths and 1.3 million patient injuries each year. The purpose of this study was to decrease the risk and occurrence of medication errors by analyzing the hospital pharmacy. Task analyses were performed and it was found that communication, expectation, and procedural issues were leading to the occurrence of the most common type of medication error in the pharmacy. Recommendations were made to improve the process and reduce the occurrence of this type of error. 相似文献
882.
Bin Huang Jennifer Hillman Frank M. Biro Lili Ding Lorah D. Dorn Elizabeth J. Susman 《Journal of research on adolescence》2012,22(2):381-391
Adolescent sexual maturation is staged using Tanner criteria assessed by clinicians, parents, or adolescents. The physiology of sexual maturation is driven by gonadal hormones. We investigate Tanner stage progression as a function of increasing gonadal hormone concentration and compare performances of different raters. Fifty‐six boys (mean age, 12.7 ± 1.3 years) and 52 girls (mean age, 12.0 ± 1.6 years) were seen at baseline, 6 and 12 months. Estradiol and testosterone concentrations were determined from three morning serum samples and Tanner stage by three different raters (clinician, parent, and adolescent). Results confirm that Tanner criteria reflect gonadal hormone concentrations, and clinician rating provides optimal assessment. Detailed insight about the strengths and limitations of different raters is provided, augmenting the scientific understanding of pubertal development. 相似文献
883.
Dr. Britta Buth Dr. Nicole Pereira Guedes 《Gruppendynamik und Organisationsberatung》2012,43(4):339-356
The article deals with a re-analysis of two studies in which the pedagogical-psychological counseling and coaching method Introvision as method of reducing somatic symptoms (tinnitus, neck strain) and in particular the so resulting stress was tested. It based on the transactional stress model and the theory of mental Introferenz is a connection between consciousness and the emergence of conflicts of stress, as well as its specific somatic effects is produced. Subsequently, the data of both experimental and control groups are compared and brought into relation. In particular, three aspects are considered: the extent of exposure (as measured by the GSI and the TICS) between the study groups (tinnitus, neck strain), the development of the different study groups (tinnitus, neck strain) over time (pre, post, follow-up ) and possible similarities. On the one hand it can be said that comparable on a theoretical level in coping with stressful events in the sense of conflict avoidance strategies, the Introvision is however used as a conflict resolution strategy, and thus provides a means for the alternative stress management. The study groups differed in their baseline levels of both the normal population and from each other (in some cases significantly). Both study groups improved significantly compared to the control group, and have a similar profile. Especially in the initial values for the stress they are different, which suggests that tinnitus sufferers use different coping strategies (dramatized) (minimize) as concerned with neck tension. The Introvision proves consulting and coaching method for reducing the burden of somatic complaints and stress, as well as prevention methods, ie the further deterioration of symptoms (compared to the control group), one advancing chronicity process works effectively. 相似文献
884.
Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) are widely accepted in developing countries as a crucial organizational asset. They combine entrepreneurship, provision of quasi-government services and donor financing, but their conceptual status is unclear. Are they the organizational embodiments of social capital, generating cohesion and superior performance, or do they expand the competitiveness of the province, contributing to superior performance via political pluralism? This analysis of the relationship of NGOs to three criteria of child health in the provinces of Peru examines that question and concludes that NGOs are best interpreted as actors in provinces that foster political contestation. As such they contribute to the growth of a core dimension of democracy in developing countries and to higher levels of health. 相似文献
885.
Karen L. Fingerman Yen‐Pi Cheng Eric D. Wesselmann Steven Zarit Frank Furstenberg Kira S. Birditt 《Journal of marriage and the family》2012,74(4):880-896
Popular media describe adverse effects of helicopter parents who provide intense support to grown children, but few studies have examined implications of such intense support. Grown children (N = 592, M age = 23.82 years, 53% female, 35% members of racial/ethnic minority groups) and their parents (N = 399, M age = 50.67 years, 52% female; 34% members of racial/ethnic minority groups) reported on the support they exchanged with one another. Intense support involved parents' providing several types of support (e.g., financial, advice, emotional) many times a week. Parents and grown children who engaged in such frequent support viewed it as nonnormative (i.e., too much support), but grown children who received intense support reported better psychological adjustment and life satisfaction than grown children who did not receive intense support. Parents who perceived their grown children as needing too much support reported poorer life satisfaction. The discussion focuses on generational differences in the implications of intense parental involvement during young adulthood. 相似文献
886.
KA Van Orden S Braithwaite M Anestis KA Timmons F Fincham TE Joiner PM Lewinsohn 《Journal of marital and family therapy》2012,38(Z1):308-319
Individuals with a psychiatric disorder are significantly more likely to have a spouse with a clinical diagnosis--marital concordance. We used a community sample of 304 couples concordant for either major depressive disorder (MDD) or substance use disorders (SUDs) to examine the relationship between marital functioning and gendered patterns of mental health diagnosis onset. For SUD concordance, couples in which wives onset before husbands--despite typical later onset for men--reported lower levels of marital satisfaction compared with couples in which the husband onset first. For MDD concordance, couples in which husbands onset with depression before wives--despite typical later onset for men--reported lower levels of marital satisfaction. These results suggest that for couples concordant for mental diagnoses, it is most problematic for marital functioning for one partner to have an atypically early onset. Implications for treatment targets in marital therapy are discussed. 相似文献
887.
One of the most pressing questions in the rural gentrification literature is whether rural residents face difficulties in finding a home within their locality due to the influx of more wealthy newcomers. In this paper, we investigate the extent to which intended local movers and intended non-local movers have realised their rural residential preferences in their preferred municipality. We perform multilevel multinomial logistic regression analysis on data from two housing surveys for the Netherlands that are enriched with register data from the longitudinal Social Statistical Database (SSD). Our results show that, despite of their lower income, intended local movers are more likely to find homes within their preferred rural location than are intended non-local movers. Intended non-local movers move more often to a location other than that initially preferred, with urbanites facing a higher likelihood to move to an urban area. The findings suggest that ties to the residential environment are more important in successfully finding housing in one's preferred rural location than are financial resources. 相似文献
888.
This study implemented a prospective design to explore college women's perceived risk to experience sexual victimization over a 2-month interim (N = 143). Compared to women without such histories, women with a history of unwanted sexual contact via arguments/ pressure, or a history of unwanted sexual intercourse via administration of alcohol/drugs reported higher perceived risk to subsequently experience these forms of victimization. Compared to women who were not victimized, women who subsequently experienced unwanted sexual intercourse via administration of alcohol/drugs or arguments/pressure reported higher levels of risk to experience these forms of victimization. Controlling for victimization history, higher levels of risk to experience sexual intercourse over the interim via arguments predicted this form of victimization over the follow-up. Implications are discussed. 相似文献
889.
International Well-being Index: The Austrian Version 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Daniela Renn Nicole Pfaffenberger Marion Platter Horst Mitmansgruber Robert A. Cummins Stefan Höfer 《Social indicators research》2009,90(2):243-256
The International Well-being Index (IWI) measures both personal and national well-being. It comprises two subscales: the Personal
Well-being Index (PWI) and the National Well-being Index (NWI). The aim of this paper is to test the psychometric properties
(validity and reliability) of the translated scale in Austria. Convergent validity is assessed using the Scales of Psychological
Well-Being, the Satisfaction with Life Scale and the Positive and Negative Affect Scale. In addition, a Visual–Analog Scales
capturing “satisfaction with life as a whole” was applied. The participants were 581 students of the Medical University Innsbruck
(female: 47.7%; age: 23.2 ± 3.7). Internal consistency (Cronbach’s α) of the IWI was for both scales > .70 (PWI: .85; NWI:
.83). The exploratory factor analysis of the IWI identified a 2-factor-structure identical with the two scales of the IWI
explaining 54.2% of the variance. The convergent validity hypotheses were confirmed, construct validity was partly confirmed
for the PWI being a deconstruction of a first factor called “satisfaction with life” (38.1% explained variance). Happy participants
scored higher on the PWI (84.3 ± 7.9 vs. 68.7 ± 13.7; p < .001) and NWI (64.3 ± 15.8 vs. 57.9 ± 15.1; p < .001) scores than unhappy participants. It is concluded that the Austrian version of the IWI is a reliable and valid instrument
to assess personal and national well-being. Further studies including a representative sample should be carried out on a recurring
basis to use the IWI as an indicator for social science research in Austria. 相似文献
890.
American women have increasingly opted for tubal sterilization or tubal ligation surgery in recent decades. While research
has begun to examine the unequal access to health care in the United States, little research has considered how this may impact
whether women opt for a tubal ligation surgery. We first profile women with and without tubal ligations using bivariate analysis
of the most recent data available, a nationally representative sample of 7,643 women from the National Survey of Family Growth,
Cycle 6 (NSFG, Public use data file, 2002). We then use logistic regression models to examine the relationship between having tubal ligation and two focal variables:
(1) type of health insurance (Medicaid compared with private, government or military, and no health insurance), and (2) rural
or urban place of residence. We find that women on Medicaid are nearly twice as likely to have had a tubal sterilization compared
with women who have private health insurance coverage. Also, women on Medicaid are substantially more likely to have a tubal
sterilization than women with government or military insurance and women with no health insurance (26% and 36%, respectively).
Further, we find that women living in rural areas are nearly twice as likely to have a tubal sterilization, compared with
women in urban or suburban areas, all else being equal. 相似文献