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PROTESS DAVID L.; COOK FAY LOMAX; CURTIN THOMAS R.; GORDON MARGARET T.; LEFF DONNA R.; McCOMBS MAXWELL E.; MILLER PETER 《Public opinion quarterly》1987,51(2):166-185
This article reports the fourth in a continuing series of casestudies that explore the impact of news media investigativejournalism on the general public, policymakers, and public policy.The media disclosures in this field experiment had limited effectson the general public but were influential in changing the attitudesof policymakers. The study describes how changes in public policymakingresulted from collaboration between journalists and governmentofficials. The authors develop a model that is a beginning steptoward specifying the cond6itions under which media investigationsinfluence public attitudes and agendas. 相似文献
63.
JAMES KENNEDY 《Journal of historical sociology》2006,19(3):284-307
Abstract This article emphasises the role of empire in explaining the emergence of “liberal nationalism” in Scotland and Québec in the early twentieth century. That period witnessed a relative decline in the British Empire's geopolitical standing. In response British governments implemented policies which sought to redress its decline. The article focuses on three policies – the South African War, tariff reform and imperial defence – and the response of the Young Scots' Society and the self‐ascribed Nationalistes. Both groups espoused a “liberal nationalism”. Yet their liberal nationalism was expressed differently: emphasis was placed on “liberal” in Scotland, and on “nationalism” in Québec, reflecting contrasting relationships with empire. 相似文献
64.
65.
PETER GUARDINO 《Journal of historical sociology》1994,7(3):314-342
Abstract Nationalisms do not form at the expense of all previous solidarities and identities. Often nationalisms are instead based upon foundations laid by class, ethnicity, gender, or other identities. Nationalists stress identities which reinforce the unity they seek and simultaneously deny those that threaten that unity. An important part of this process consists of singling out foreigners as radically different ‘others.’The national identity constructed in late eighteenth and early nineteenth-century Guerrero, Mexico, stressed opposition to newly-defined foreigners and was intertwined with class, ethnic, religious, and political solidarities. 相似文献
66.
ROTHWELL NEIL A.; BRITTON PETER G.; WOODS ROBERT T. 《British Journal of Social Work》1983,13(1):639-643
Summary The group-living system of care is becoming increasingly popularin residential homes for the elderly. This study examined purposefulactivity, as measured by engagement, in one such home beforeand after changeover to group living. It was found that engagementwas significantly increased after the changeover. In addition,life satisfaction was increased and orientation unchanged bythe changeover in a small sample of residents. These resultsare interpreted as supportive for the effectiveness of groupliving. 相似文献
67.
PETER DEMACARTY 《Business and Society Review》2009,114(3):393-433
A number of theorists have proposed mechanisms suggesting that corporate social responsibility produces better financial results. Others subscribe to the theory that, realistically, less ethical means are necessary. This article contains an analysis of these perspectives drawing on observations from evolutionary game theory and nature. Based on these analyses, it is concluded that the financial returns of corporate social responsibility and irresponsibility (CSR and CSI) are equal on average. The explanation is that CSR and CSI aredriven to a state of equilibrium, because if one or the other were to offer higher profits, it would attract more players who would compete for the best opportunities until there was no difference in average profit. Existing empirical research generally shows a positive correlation between CSR as measured and corporate financial performance. It is argued that what is actually causing that finding is probably not CSR but management skill. More skillful managers, whether actually responsible or irresponsible, are able to obtain both higher profits and greater credit in imperfect measures of CSR. Next it is shown that this theory of equal returns implies greater moral freedom and therefore responsibility for business leaders. It is concluded that this insight can intensify the interest of decent business leaders in vigorously championing CSR. 相似文献
68.
PETER T. WARD PAUL D. BERGER JEFFREY G. MILLER STEPHEN R. ROSENTHAL 《Production and Operations Management》1992,1(1):5-21
Despite the attention given to restructuring and trimming down manufacturing firms during the 198Os, little attention has been paid to the mix of skills they needed under different circumstances. We examined the patterns of employment by occupation in manufacturing industries utilizing different production technologies and the effect of establishment size on nonproduction employment. We found that a relationship exists between production technology and nonproduction employment per 100 production workers. Establishment size is found to be a moderator between nonproduction employment and production technology. Our findings imply two clear messages for managers. First, when considering major changes in production technology, managers should be aware that the supporting skills they will need from their nonproduction work force are likely to change greatly. Further, these changes involve technical and managerial workers as well as clerical and production support people. Second, they should restructure the functional or occupational mix of an organization in the context of the process technologies in place. Different process technologies require different structures. 相似文献
69.
PETER M. BUTLER 《Revue canadienne de sociologie》1980,17(2):138-153
Dans cet article, nous étudions le problème de l'emploi chez les assistés sociaux. Nous montrons qu'il existe, parmi les cas sociaux, un mouvement assez considérable lié A l'emploi. Les données indiquent également que la plupart des bénéficiaires renoncent éventuellement à leurs droits d'assistés sociaux pour prendre un emploi à court terme, généralement mal payé, dans un des établissements oh prédominent les emplois présentant ces caractéristiques, et où les salariés n'ont ni l'occasion ni le pouvoir de modifier les conditions d'emploi. D'après nous, ces salariés se trouvent alors enfermés dans le syndrome du ‘mauvais emploi’ et il ne leur est plus guère possible d'échapper de façon permanente à leur condition d'indigents. In this paper we examine the work experiences of welfare recipients. We show that there is a rather considerable movement within welfare caseloads which is associated with job-holding. The data also indicate that most recipients leave welfare caseloads for low-wage, short-term employment which is most likely to occur in establishments where jobs with these characteristics predominate, and where workers have few opportunities or little power to change the conditions of their employment. We see these workers as being locked in a ‘bad job’ syndrome where they have little possibility of moving away from ultimate dependence on welfare. 相似文献
70.
PETER MURRELL 《Economic inquiry》1982,20(4):589-603
Countertrade, a contractual form in which there is a two-way flow of goods, occupies a position of significance in East-West trade. In this paper, it is shown that countertrade can solve problems which arise when the quality of Eastern European products is unknown. Using the market signaling literature, a theory is formulated in order to make predictions concerning the use of countertrade. Countertrade will be particularly useful when quality information is important but cannot be obtained directly and when a country has a poor quality reputation. These predictions are supported by empirical tests. 相似文献