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101.
102.
Chronic health conditions and living in congregate housing, both stressors and losses, are risk factors for late life depressive symptoms. We examined self-reported coping strategies and their associations with depressive symptoms among residents of congregate living facilities. Despite demographic differences between the African American and the White participants, reported coping for the 2 groups was similar, though more African Americans reported spiritual coping. Participants who reported coping through either positive attitude and adaptations or activity participation had fewer depressive symptoms, after controlling for demographics, health, functioning, and other types of coping. 相似文献
103.
The Internet is often appropriated by groups seeking to preserve, develop and celebrate their identities across space. Using an online survey of a group of immigrants to the United States from India as well as their American-born children, this article reveals that the Internet is utilised for overcoming separation at intra- and international scales, for creating a variety of transboundary networks and for constructing a sense of identity in virtual place. Yet the results also suggest that those individuals who use websites related to Indian culture, society, politics, history and news are distinct ‘communicationally defined’ sub-populations with regard to sex, generation and citizenship status. Indeed, ‘indices of traditionalism’ demonstrate key differences in the types of users of these virtual places. 相似文献
104.
This study examined the relationship between transportation support and self-regulatory driving behaviors of 566 community-dwelling older adults living in retirement communities, with a focus on gender differences. The results of logistic regression analysis showed that older women were more likely to avoid driving at night or on the highway than their male counterparts. Transportation support from peer friends was found to increase the likelihood of self-regulatory driving behaviors. The findings of this study imply that transportation policy and driving safety programs for older adults need to be developed, considering available transportation alternatives and gender differences in driving behaviors. 相似文献
105.
In many applications, the cumulative distribution function (cdf) \(F_{Q_N}\) of a positively weighted sum of N i.i.d. chi-squared random variables \(Q_N\) is required. Although there is no known closed-form solution for \(F_{Q_N}\), there are many good approximations. When computational efficiency is not an issue, Imhof’s method provides a good solution. However, when both the accuracy of the approximation and the speed of its computation are a concern, there is no clear preferred choice. Previous comparisons between approximate methods could be considered insufficient. Furthermore, in streaming data applications where the computation needs to be both sequential and efficient, only a few of the available methods may be suitable. Streaming data problems are becoming ubiquitous and provide the motivation for this paper. We develop a framework to enable a much more extensive comparison between approximate methods for computing the cdf of weighted sums of an arbitrary random variable. Utilising this framework, a new and comprehensive analysis of four efficient approximate methods for computing \(F_{Q_N}\) is performed. This analysis procedure is much more thorough and statistically valid than previous approaches described in the literature. A surprising result of this analysis is that the accuracy of these approximate methods increases with N. 相似文献
106.
The perceptions and judgments of social workers who interview the child and family are especially significant factors in child abuse assessment process. The current study describes and compares child protection workers’ assessment processes in Korea and the USA through the use of case vignettes and in‐depth interview. The responses from social workers in these two countries were compared and discussed in the areas of: risk assessment; perception of the main problems; tolerance of corporal punishment; and judgments about appropriateness of interventions. Most revealing was that Korean social workers determined abuse based on their child abuse definition and the US Army FAP social workers determined abuse based on their definition, which was affected by legal standards and cultural differences. Korean social workers are more likely to remove a child from the home, even in mild cases, but US FAP social workers would recommend child removal from the home as a last option. The social workers that participated in this survey play a vital role in the safety of children in child protective services. Both countries can benefit from sharing information to improve the child protection services delivered. Social workers' professional judgment leads to objective and consistent outcomes and are less likely to compromise child safety in the decision making process. 相似文献
107.
Joseph Brian Adams 《Journal of applied statistics》1999,26(2):165-176
Feedforward networks have demonstrated their ability to model non-linear data. Despite this success, their use as a statistical analysis tool has been limited by the persistent assumption that these networks can only be implemented as non-parametric models. In fact, a feedforward network can be used for parametric modeling, with the result that many of the common parametric testing procedures can be applied to the nonlinear network. In this paper, a feedforward network for predicting the biological growth rate of pickles is developed. Using this network, the parametric nature of the network is demonstrated. Once trained, the network model is tested using standard parametric methods. In order to facilitate this testing, it is first necessary to develop a method for calculating the degrees of freedom for the neural network, and the residual covariance matrix. It is shown that the degrees of freedom is determined by the number of parameters that actually contribute to an output. With this information, the covariance matrix can be created by adapting the error matrix. Using these results, the trained network is tested using a simple F-statistic. 相似文献
108.
PJ Adams 《Journal of marital and family therapy》2012,38(3):458-470
Practitioners who view intimate partner violence as a set of strategies aimed at maintaining positions of power and privilege often face an engagement dilemma when men at their first contact talk of themselves as disempowered by circumstances such as separation, loss of access to children, legal problems, substance abuse issues, and their own history of being abused. This paper explores how a language-oriented approach to violence can assist practitioners in responding to abuser's current perceptions while avoiding collusion with justifications for violence. It examines common ways of speaking that men will employ to justify their violence then explores practical ways to identify and neutralized these messages before exploring personal opportunities for change. 相似文献
109.
110.
Valerie Margaret Adams Dale Bagshaw Sarah Wendt Lana Zannettino 《Journal of elder abuse & neglect》2014,26(3):270-290
Financial abuse by a family member is the most common form of abuse experienced by older Australians, and early intervention is required. National online surveys of 228 chief executive officers and 214 aged care service providers found that, while they were well placed to recognize financial abuse, it was often difficult to intervene successfully. Problems providers encountered included difficulties in detecting abuse, the need for consent before they could take action, the risk that the abusive family member would withdraw the client from the service, and a lack of resources to deal with the complexities inherent in situations of financial abuse. 相似文献